caramella45个英语介词的用法

2021年1月22日发(作者：ache)
45
个常见介词的基本用法

介词短语
=
介词
+
名词






















1
、
about






基本含义：
a-b-
out “
A
在
B
外面
”







引申含义：
“A
和
B
的联系
”







1
、在
…
周围：
The
kids
are
sitting
about
their
teacher.



















I like the necklace about her throat.






2
、环绕：
The bird always flies about the forest.















I plan to travel about the world.






3
、关于：
a book about English study















They are talking about the new film.






4
、
[adv]

大约







固定搭配：







1
、
How about...?






2
、
something+adj+about X









一些关于
X
的
adj
的事





2
、
above




基本含义：
a-b-
over “
A
在
B
上方
”





引申含义：





1
、
在
…
上方
:The sun rose above the horizon.




2
、
数目大 于
…/
重量超过
…/
价格（能力、地位）高
于
…





There is nothing in the store above 50 cents.




“He who comes after me is above me ,because he was
before me”






固定搭配：





1
、
above all
:
首先（强调重要性）






Above all, he was an outstanding mathematician.




2
、
above all things:

最最
…






What you need, above all things, is confidence.




3
、
be above oneself
:
兴高采烈
=
high spirit





When
he
heard
the
good
news,
he
was
above
himself.





3
、
across




基本含义：
a-
grass “
A
走过一片草坪
”





引申含义：

1
、
穿过
：
She walked across the road.
2
、
在
...
对面
: The bar is just across the street.
3
、
交叉
：
He sat with his arms across his chest.









The
two
lines
pass
across
each
other
at
right angles.
固定搭配：

1
、
A come across B.




A
偶遇
B
。




I came across Yu Minhong the other day.
2
、
A get sth across to B.



A
使某物被
B
了解。








I want to get my theory across to all students.





4
、
after




基本含义：
“
A
在
B
之后
”

（强调顺序）





引申含义：

1
、
在
…
之后

（时间顺序、空间顺序）




After dinner, they went out for a walk.



I should after him, but he still went on.
2
、
照着
…
的样子




Read the sentence after me, please.



The building is named after the famous hero.



I will make a box after that one.
固定搭配：

1
、
be after
寻找
/go after
追逐
/run after
追求




You should run after your own dream.
2
、
after
all
不管怎样

（即：在任何事情之后都一
样）




After all, he is your father.
3
、
look after
照顾


5
、
against
基本含义：
a-g-
e“
相对
”

引申含义：

1
、
碰着、靠着
：
She was leaning against a tree.

2
、
反对
：
We should fight against crimes.
3
、
预防
：
Save money against a rainy day.
未雨绸缪

固定搭配：

1
、
go against
违反
（故意违反某人的意志）



He chose to go against his family.
2
、
be against

（
1
）违反
（违反法律、制度）




It is against the law to hunt tigers.
(2)
反对

Lincoln was strongly against slavery.
（
3
）不利于

What he said is against him.

6
、
around
基本含义 ：
a-round
”A
在一个圆里面
”
（在一定范围
内）< br>
引申含义：

1
、在
…
周围
:
There are many bars around the towm.
2
、在附近、到处：
I showed him around our campus.
3
、
【
adv
】大约：




There are around 1000 people watching the game.

7
、
at
基本含义
:
“
朝向一点
”

引申含义
:
1
、小地点
,
或小时间点




Usually, he is at his office in the morning.



I arrived at home at 7:00.



Knock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive at…

2
、表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因




He showed no sign of pleasure at seeing her.



Be surprised/excited at…;


8
、
before
基本含义：
“
在
…
之 前
“
（时间、空间、顺序）

引申含义：

1
、时间上：
Please come back before 10:00pm.
2
、空间上：
Don’t put the cart before the
horse.
3
、顺序上：
Health should come before wealth.
固定搭配：

1
、
before long:
过不了多久

2
、
before time:
提前


9
、
behind
基本含义：
be + hide

“
在
…
之后
“

引申含义：

1
、空间上，在
…
后面
:
A dog is running behind us.
2
、在后台操纵：
There must be someone behind it.
3
、时间上，在之后；能力上，在之后
;



New York is 12 hours behind Beijing in time.



He was behind others in ability.

10
、
beside
基本含义：
be+side
“
在
…
边上
”

引申含义：

1
、在
...
旁边
=next to…; by the side of…




a town beside the sea



She sat beside the teacher.
2
、与
...
相比
=compared with



My work is so poor beside yours.
固定搭配：
beside oneself

高兴（悲伤）的不得了、
忘形


11
、
besides
基本含义：
“
除
…
外，还有
…”




There
were
2
other
students
in
the
classroom
besides Tom.
12
、
between
基本含义：
be-two-in
“
在两者之间
”

引申含义：

1
、空间、时间、顺序、等级上，在两者之间：




Between two strange buildings stands a tree.



His age is between sixty and seventy.
2
、表示两者之间的某种关系




He has to decide between life and death.



This is a secret
between life and death
（仅在我们
俩之间）
.



Kyou should learn between lines
（字里行间）
.
13
、
beyond
基本意思：
be+yond
（在彼处 ）
=
在
…
之外

引申含义：

1
、
“
在远处、在
…
的那一边
”




What lies beyond my reach.
2
、
“
超出
…
的限度
”
（能力认识）




The fruit was beyond my reach.
3
、
“
除
…
了
”




I
can’t
tell
you
anything
beyond
what
you
already
know.
固定搭配：

1
、
beyond words
无法形容

2
、
beyond understanding
难以理解

3
、
beyond cure
无可救药

4
、
beyond endurance
无法忍受


14
、
by
基本意思：
by
后面的名词很重要

引申含义：

1
、在
…
旁边




We prefer a table by the window.
2
、到
…
时候




We have studied several prepositions by now.



I
shall
have
finished
the
work
by
the
time
you
return.
3
、通过
…;
根据
…;




He can tell the direction by the stars.



Don’t judge a person by his looks.

4
、按
…
计算




Eggs are usually sold by dozen.



The temperature has risen by 5 degrees.
5
、被
…
；




He was shocked by what he had seen.
固定搭配：

1
、
by accident/chance
偶然

2
、
by all means
想尽一切办法、一定要

3
、
by no means
绝不、一点儿也不

4
、
by turns
轮流

5
、
by mistake
出于误会


15
、
despite
基本意思：
尽管、不顾
=in spite of



The old professor kept on working despite his poor
health.

16
、
down
基本意思：
向下