争夺(英语)如何写好读写任务中30词的summary

2021年1月22日发(作者：depression)
高三英语如何写好读写任务中
30
词的
summary

一、考纲要求

1
．概括的准确性；

2
．字数大约
30
词；

3
．不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。


二、难点分析

1
．如何迅速、准确地捕捉要点；

2
．如何巧妙串连，将要点串成篇章；

3
．如何灵活诠释，避免抄袭的嫌疑。


三、解题思路

1
．巧妙利用
opinion
，预测材料内容

读写任务先 读后写。
那么
“
读
”
的材料肯定是与要
“
写
”
的材料话题是相同的，至少是相关
的。因此，我们可以利用这一关系来进行有效的预测。以 下是两个例子。

实例一
（阅读材料－议论文）

We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary,
both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in
streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It
can
have
a
bad
effect
on
both
the
bright
and
the
not-so-bright
child.
After
all,
it
can
be
quite
discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is
only
one
aspect
of
their
total
personality.
We
are
concerned
to
develop
the
abilities
of
all
our
pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills,
and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes
they work on individual tasks. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the
skills they need in order to do this efficiently. And advanced pupils can do advanced work: it does
not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give
them every encouragement to achieve this goal.
[
写作内容
]
1.
用约
30
词概括短文的内容要点；

2.
用约
1 20
词就
“
学校该不该分班
”
这个主题发表你的看法。


本例中的主题是
“
学校该不该分班
”
，那么，我们可以根 据这个话题进行如下预测：

(1)
阅读材料的论点是什么：该？不该？

(2)
论据是什么：该的理由？不该的理由？

(3)
如何论证：有无实例？如有，又是什么实例？

这样，
心中有 了疑问，就好比大海航行有了指南针一样，
只要循着这一方向去找，
一定
能在最短的时 间里到达大洋的彼岸－迅速捕捉要点。

此外，
当对话题的具体内容感到迷惘时，我们还可以充分利用写作内容
2
）
里的
a) b) c)
来帮助我们进一步定向。如实例
2
。


1
实例二（阅读材料－记叙文）

Once upon a time, there was a king who ruled a rich country. One day, he went for a trip to
some distant areas of his country. When he was back to his palace, he complained that his feet
were very painful, because it was the first time that he had gone for such a long trip, and the road
that he went through was very rough and stony. He then ordered his people to cover road of the
entire country with leather. Of course, this would need hundreds of thousands of cows’ skin, and
would cost a huge amount of money. Then taking risks of being killed, one of his wise servants
dared himself to tell the king, “Why don’t you cover your feet with a piece of leather?” Luckily
the
king
was
an
open-minded
and
easily- persuaded
man.
So
though
he
was
surprised,
he
later
agrees to take the suggestion to make a “shoe” for himself. There is actually a valuable lesson in
this story: to make this world a happy place to live in, you’d better change yourself—
your heart
not the world.
[
写作内容
]
1.
用约
30
词概括短文的内容要点；

2.
用约
1 20
词就
“
改变世界还是改变自己
”
为主题写一篇短文，
至 少包含以下的内容要点；

a)
你遇到过困难吗？你是如何应对的？

b)
你认为遇到困难的时候，我们应该改变世界还是改变自己去适应这个世界？为什
么
?

本例中的主题是
“
改变世界还是改变自己
”
。那么我们可 以分析这一主题：人什么时候
需要做出这种选择
——
改变世界还是改变自己？当然是遇 到困难或矛盾时。
那么，
主人公遇
上了什么困难？最终是通过改变世界还是改变自己来 解决难题的呢？

至此，还不知道如何预测的同学，不妨再进一步地利用后面的具体内容要点
a)
b)
来预
测如下：

1).
原文中主人公遇到（经历）了怎样的困难？

2).
他
/
她是如何应对的？是改变世界还是改变自己？

与单纯地通过主 题
/
话题来进行预测而言，这一种预测方法（利用写作内容
2
里的各小
点）更适合记叙文体的阅读材料。


2.
分析文章结构，准确捕捉要点

有了
“
指南针
”
之 后，捕捉短文要点就容易多了。那么，如何才能快速、准确地捕捉到文
章的要点呢？

首先，
从文体入手。
一般来说，
读写任务里的阅读材料按文体可以分成两种：
议论文和
记叙文。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据、论证，文章的整体结构多数为总分结构、分总结构、平行结构等。因此，我们通常可以去第一段或最后一段找论点。

如实例一，
论点就在第一段开头找到：
Mixed-ability teaching can do good to bright children.
On the contrary, streaming students have many disadvantages.
再看实例二，
这是一篇记叙文，我们要找出它的四要素：
when, where, who, what
等。带
着这几个问题去找，自然很快就找出来了。

其次 ，从过渡语入手。
如实例一中，
Besides
就是一个很好的
guide,
因为它通常表示并
列或递进的关系，它后面的
it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual
ability
很明显是讲的是
streaming
pupils
的缺点，那么在它前面必然还有至少一个缺点。再
从第一段的
d isadvantage
看起，
就可以迅速找出它的另一个缺点，
即
have a bad effect on both
the bright and the not- so-bright child as they develop differently.
而这就是论据了。第三段一开

2