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jlo冠词a,anthe以及零冠词的用法及练习详解

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-22 23:56
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2021年1月22日发(作者:兔子的英文)
冠词分为不定冠词(
a, an

,定冠词(
the

,和零冠词。

一.不定冠词(
a, an


1.
指一类人或事,相当于
a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2.
第一次提及某人某物,非特指

A boy is waiting for you.
有个男孩在等你。

3.
表示

“每一”相当于
every

one
We study eight hours a day.
4.
表示“相同”相当于
the same
We are nearly of an age.
5.
用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
(活雷锋)

6.
用于固定词组中

a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7.
用于
quite, rather, many, half, what, such
之后

This room is rather a big one.
8.
用于
so(as, too, how)+
形容词之后

She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9.
用于抽象名词具体化的名词前

success(
抽象名词
)

a success(
具体化
)
成功的人或事

a failure
失败的人或事







a shame

带来耻辱的人或事

a pity

可惜或遗憾的事






a must
必需必备的东西

a good knowledge of
精通掌握某一方面的知识

10.
与序数词连用,表示“又一,再一”


In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.
为了找到一个更好的工作,他决定再学习另外一门外语。

二.定冠词(
the


1.
表示某一类人或物

In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the







B. /; a






C. the; a





D. the; the

2.
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前

the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3.
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事

Would you mind opening the door?

4.
用于演奏乐器

play the violin, play the guitar
5.
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人

the reach, the living, the wounded
6.
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
(对比上 文的不定冠词用法
5



Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the







B. the; a






C. /; the


D. the; /
7.
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前

He is the taller of the two children.
8.
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前

the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9.
用于表示发明物的单数名词前

The compass was invented in China.
10.
在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代

in the 1990

s(
二十世纪九十年代
)
11.
用于表示度量单位的名词前

I hired the car by the hour.
12.
用于方位名词,身体部位名词

He patted me on the shoulder.
13.
与比较级和最高级连用

①比较级
+ and +
比较级表示“越来越……”

The harder he works, the happier he feels.
②表示两者间“较……的一个”比较级前加
the


Who is the older of the tow boys?
③三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“
the +
最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般
常有表示比较范围的介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
三.零冠词

1.
专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前

Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2.
名词前有
this, my, whose, some, no, each, every
等限制

I want this book, not that one. /

Whose purse is this?
3.
季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前

March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4.
表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前

Lincoln was made President of America.
5.
表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前

He likes playing football/chess.
6.

by
连用表示交通方式的名词前

We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.

A. the; the





B.
不填;
the




C. the;
不填



D.
不填;不填

7.

and
连接的两个相对的名词并用时

husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8.
表示泛指的复数名词前

Horses are useful animals.

四.位置

冠词一般放在名词之前,名词之前若有形容词,冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外:

1.
不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后:
as, how, however, so, too
等。

如:
He is as good a soldier as he was.
他和以前一样是个好士兵。

2.
不定冠词置于
such, what, many, not, too,much of
等之后。

如:
Many a little pickle makes a nickel.
积少成多。

3.
定冠词通常放在
all, both, double, exactly, just
等词之后。

如:
I offered him double the amount

but he still refused.

4 .
不定冠词常用于
quite

rather
之后,但如果另有形容 词修饰时,不定冠词既可放在第二
位,也可放在第一位,但最常见的仍是第二位。

如:
She is quite a woman.
她真是个女人。

It was quite/rather a cold day.
很冷的一天
(


It was a quite/rather cold day.)

5.
当名词前的比较级被
no

all

far

much
等修饰时,也 要后置。

如:
He is no less a man than the President.

6.
定冠词要放在
half, twice, much
等之后。

如:
He paid twice the price for it.
他花了两倍的钱买了它。

7.
如果名词被副词
h ardly

scarcely

barely

exac tly
所修饰,或和一个形容词共同修饰时,
冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如:This is hardly a right thing to do.
这几乎是不能
做的事。



练习

about taking_____short break? I want to make_____call.
A. the; a








B. a; the











C. the; the









D
. a; a

mas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together.
A. the; the






B. a; a







C. the; a









D. a; the

3.I looked under_____bed and found






books I lost last week.

A. the; a




B. the

the





C.
不填;
the





D. the;
不填


4.I like_____color of your skirt. It is



good match for your blouse.

A. a; the







B. a; a







C. the; a










D. the; the

couldn

t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was



Sunday
because everybody was at



church.

A. /; the









B. the; /










C. a; /









D. /; a

people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and make


room
in their day for exercise.

A. a; /










B. the; a











C. the; the









D. /; a

7.

How about _____Christmas evening party?


I should say it was _____success.

A. a; a












B. the; a









C. a;
不填







D. the;
不填


went right round to the west coast by






sea instead of driving across





continent.

A. the; the







B.
不填
;the










C. the;
不填












D.
不填
;
不填


couldn

t
remember
when
he
first
met
Mr.
Anderson,
but
he
was
sure
it
was





Sunday because everybody was at





church.
A./; the






B. the; /






C. a; /




D./; a
1. D

take a short break
“休息一会儿”


make a call
“打一个电话”


2. D

a special holiday
指“某一个特别的节日”

the whole family
为特指。

3. B
。此题中的
the bed

the books
都为特指。
the bed
指“所看的床”

the books
指“所丢
的书”


4.C


the color
指“你衬衫的颜色”

a good match
泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”



5. C

a Sunday
泛指某一个星期天;
at church
为固定搭配,不用冠词,意为“在做礼拜”


6. A

a balanced diet
泛指“一种平衡的饮食”

make room
为固定搭配,意为“腾出空间”



7.B
8.B


by sea
意为“经海路”

by the sea
意为“在海边”
;表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常要
加定冠词。

9. C

a
泛指“某个”

at church
表示“做礼拜”

at the church
表示“在教堂”


类似的词组:

特别提示
:当地点名词表示地点时,其前用定冠词;表示在这一地点所发生的活动时,其前
不加冠词。< br>如:
He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.
他睡觉前到
床边给我拿了本杂志。


2009


1.
(安徽卷)
We can never expect





bluer sky unless we create






less polluted world.

A. a; a
















B. a; the










C. the; a












D. the; the

2.
(北京卷)
The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long

the
height of ____ 9-story building.

A. the; the










B. a; a












C. a; the











D. the; a

3.
(江西卷)
Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______
weather around the world.

A.
不填
; the









B. the;
不填







C. an; the








D. the; a

4.
(海南卷)
Let

s go to






cinema-that

ll take your mind off the problem for








while
A. the; the




B. the; a











C. a; the



D. a a
5.
(陕西卷)
What



pity that you couldn

t be there to receive




prize!

A. a; a













B. the; a









C. a; the







D. the; the
6.
(四川卷)
In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign
language.

A. the; a











B. a; a











C. the; the





D. a; the
7.I don

t understand what the engineer means, but I

ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project
plan.
(浙江卷)

A. the; a


B.
不填
; the


C. a the



D
不填
; a
8..(
辽宁卷
)This area experienced








heaviest rainfall in








month of May.

A
不填
; a











B a the











C the the













D the a

1. A. sky

world
原本是独一无二的,
但这里前面都有了形容词修饰
,
表示会出现一个什么样


sky

world,
这里就属于泛指了。

2. B.

the+
名词表示类别,是指
blue whale
这一类动物;第二空用
a
表示泛指。

3. A. air pollution
是抽象名词这里是泛指,
weather
这里是特指全球的气候 ,故用定冠词。

4. B. go to the cinema
表示具体的某地,
for a while
固定搭配,表示“一会儿”


5. C.
固定句型
what a pity that
…,用不定冠词
a
;第 二空后名词表示表特指,用定冠词
the


6. B
第一空表示泛指;第二空用
a +
序数词
+
名词表示又一,再一。

7.C


8. C
形容词的最高级用
the
;第二空五月这个月表特指用
th e


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


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