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初中英语连词讲解
一、概念
连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的词叫连词。例如:
It is neither too cold nor too hot in spring.
(neither…nor
连接两个词
)
You can read either in the morning or in the afternoon.
(either…or
连接两个短语
)
Hu Lan was late yesterday because she woke up too late.
(because
连接两个句子
)
二、连词的种类
从连词本身的含义及其所连接的成分的性质来看,可分为两类:并列连词和从
属连词。
(一)并列连词,用来连接有并列关系的词、短语或分句的连词是并列连词;并列连< br>词连接分句构成并列句。
< br>1
、
常
用
来
连
接
同
类
性< br>质
的
词
与
词
、
短
语
与
短< br>语
的
并
列
连
词
有
and,
or ,neither…nor,either…or, not only…but also, both…and.
⑴
and
和,并且
My uncle lives and works in Shanghai.
He’s big and tall.
⑵
or
或(费否定句中),和(否定句中)
Are you a teacher or a student?
You can take some food or some money.
I don
’
t like reading or writing.
⑶
neither…nor
既不…也不…,要么…要么…
either…or
或者…或者…
not only…but also
不仅…而且…
both…and
既…又…
You can come to see me either on Sunday or on Saturday.
I don
’
t like its color, it is either too dark or too light.
The boy is both tall and fat.
My daughter can not only sing but also dance.
注意:
both…and
连接并列主语时,
谓语动词用复数;
neith er…nor,either…or,
not only…but also
连接并列主语时谓语动词和邻近主语保持一致。
2
、常用来连接并列分句构成并列句的连词有
and, or, but,so
⑴
or
否则,相当于一个否定条件句。
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
(If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.)
⑵
and
这样的话,就会…,相当于一个肯定条件句。
Study hard, and you can get good grades.
(If you study hard, you can get good grades.)
⑶
however
然而,
but
但是,可是,而
,
前后分句是转折关系。
Mr. Mott is very poor, but he feels happy.
⑷
so
于是,因此,并列具有因果关系的两个分句。
We wanted to learn the English songs, so we asked the teacher to teach us.
(
二
)从属连词:引导从句的连词叫做从属连词,分为连接代词和连接副词两种。
1
、引导宾语从句的有
that, when, where, who, why, what, if, whether
⑴
that
用于引导由陈述句转换过来的宾语从句,可以省去。如:
She says that she likes watching TV very much.
⑵
when,where,who,
why,
what
等连接由特殊疑问句转换过来的宾语从句。
如:
Do you know when the train arrives?
Can you tell me where you come from?
⑶
if, whether
连接由一般疑问句转换过来的宾语从句。如:
They are wondering if they can get the money back.
She asked the librarian whether she had to pay for the lost book.
注意:下列几种情况下不能使用
if
来引导的宾语从句。
①
介词后的宾语从句不能使用
if
引导。
Are you interested whether she will come here?
②
后跟
or not
时,不能使用
if
引导。
I’
m not sure whether or not the shop is open.
③
当后跟动词不定式时,不能使用
if
引导。
Do you know whether to go to the Great Wall tomorrow?
2
、引导状语从句的连词有
when, until, after, before, as soon as, since, for, although,
if, because, so that, as if, s
o
…
that, while
等。
①
引导时间状语从句的连词有:
when, while, until, after, before, as soon as(
一…就…)
,
since(
自
从
)
,
once(
一旦
)
when
和
while
的区别
A
:
when
既指时间点,也可指一段时间,
while
只指一段时间,因此
when
引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,
也可以是延续性动词,
而
while
从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
B
:
when
说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;
while
则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作
同时发生。
C:
由
when
引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去
时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多
用
while< br>引导。
When the teacher came in, we were talking.
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
They were singing while we were dancing
②
引导条件状语从句的连词有:
If, unless, as long as(
只要
)
,
as far as(
就…而言
)
③
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because, for, now that(
既然
,
因为,由于
)
,
si nce(
既然
)
④
引导结果状语从句的连词有:
so
…
that,such
…
that
⑤
引导比较状语从句的连词有:
than, as
…
as
⑥
引导目的状语从句的连词有:
so that (
以便
)
,
in order that(
为了
)
,
in case(
以防,以免
)
⑦
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
though,
although,
even
if/
even
though(
即使
)
,
no
matter+
疑问词(无
论,不管)
⑧
引导地点状语从句的连词有:
wherever
⑨
引导方式状语从句的连词有:
as if/ as though(
好像
)
,
as
连词练习
(
) 1. Help others whenever you can______
you’ll make the world a nicer place to live in.
A. or
B. and
C. but
(
) 2.
—
How was your climbing Mount. Huang?
—I didn’
t believe I could do it _______I got to the top.
A. until
C. after
(
) 3
. Cross the road carefully, ____you’ll keep yourself safe.
A. so
B. or
C. but
D. and
(
) 4.
-
Tell us something about Canada, OK?
-
I’m sorry. _________ Jack _________ I have ever been there.
A. Either; or
B. Not only; but also
C. Both; and
D. Neither; nor
(
) 5. I really enjoyed your speech, ____ there
were some parts I didn’t quite understand.
A. because
B. for
C. until
D. though
(
) 6. ______
they are twins, they don’t look the same at all.
A. Because
B. Though
C. As
D. Since
(
) 7.
—
How was the food in the town?
—
Terrible. ______ we still had a good time there.
A. or
B. so
C. but
D .because
(
) 8. Hurry up, ________ you will miss the train.
A. and
B. so
C. or
(
) 9
. ________ we don’t save water, we will have no w
ater to drink one day.
A. Where
B. When
C. Although
D. If
(
) 10
. The little girl didn’t stop crying ________ she found her mother.
A. after
B. until
C. because
D. when
(
) 11. The water here is polluted
_____even the
animals can’t drink it
A. so
B. because
C. though
(
) 12. Wang Dong didn`t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.
A. so
B. if
C. because
(
) 13
. Mike was ill yesterday, _________ he didn’t go to school.
A. if
B. but
C. so
D. or
(
) man was so tired
,
___ he still went on working.
A. so
B. but
C. or
D. and
(
) 15. We can't pass the exam, ______we study hard.
A. because
B. and
C. unless
D. or
(
) on, _______ you will be late for school.
A. and
B. but
C. or
D. so
(
) 17. We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, _____we will be late for the meeting.
A. and
B. or
C. but
(
) 18. Tom thinks action movies are interesting, _____ I think they are boring.
A. but
B. and
C. so
(
) 19
. I bought a new shirt for John, _______ he didn’t like it.
A. because
B. and
C. but
(
) 20. ____ Gian ____ Tara are studying Chinese history and culture now. they find them
rich and amazing.
A. Both; and
B. Not only; but also
C. Either; or
D. Neither; nor
(
) 21. Mark isn't coming to the concert ____ he has got too much work to do.
gh
e
(
) 22. Music isn't Sally's main interest, ____ she wants to see some Beijing Opera today.
A. but
B. so
C. or
D. and
(
) 23. We will be punished _____we break the law.
A. until
B. if
C. unless
D. though
(
) 24.
—
This dress was last year’s style.
—
I think it still looks perfect ________ it has gone out this year.
A. so that
B. as if
C. even though
D. ever since
(
) 25. I enjoy fresh air so I always sleep with the window open _____ it is really cold.
A. unless
B. when
C. if
D. since
(
) 26. ______ we don't support our zoos, it will be difficult for them to take good care of
animals.
A. Unless
B. If
C. What if
D. Though
(
) 27. ______ Rita _______ her mother know my address. They often drop by my home.
A. Not, but
B. Both, and
C. Either, or
D. Not only, but also
(
) 28. Nobody believes a 92-year-old could run marathon____she passed the finishing line.
People of all ages can challenge themselves.
A. if
B. since
C. until
(
) 29. A snake bit him ______ he went to see a doctor at once.
A. if
B. where
C. because
D. so
(
) 30. Ben was busy taking a training class, ____we had to wait for him for half an hour.
A. so
B. if
C. or
D. but
(
) 31
. Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can’t talk in front of the class.
A. such, that
B. too, to
C. so, that
(
) 32. The family had to stay at hotel, _____it was raining hard.
A because
B. although
C. until
D. unless
(
) 33. Mary, put on your coat, ______ you'll catch a cold.
A. and
B. or
C .so
D. but
(
) 34. They didn't go to bed_____ the work was finished.
A. when
B. while
C. until
D. after
(
) 35. Studying in groups is necessary______ you want to do well in school.
A. if
B. until
C. unless
D. though
(
) 36. You make lunch, _______I'll take care of the baby.
A. but
B. or
C. for
D. and
(
) 37.
—
Bill, please turn down the music, ____Mon ____Dad are sleeping.
—Sony, 1’11 do it right away.
A. neither; nor
B. either; or
C. both; and
(
) 38.
—
Jim, you look so tired!
—
Oh, I didn’t go to bed ______ it was 12 o’clock last night.
A. until
B. as
C. if
(
) 39.I won't take part in Julie's birthday party ________I am invited.
e
(
) 40. It isn't warm today, _____ the sun is shining.
A. or
B. and
C. because
D. although
(
) 41. ____ the girl is only nine, she takes care of her brother and cooks meals every day.
A. If
B. Because
C. Although
D. As
(
) 41. The old theatre will close soon _____some extra donations are made.
A. so
B. if
C. because
D. unless
(
) 42
. My father doesn’t like shopping much. He would rather
_____ TV at home than____
around for hours in shops.
A. watch; walk
B. watch; to walk
C. to watch; to walk
D. to watch; walk
(
) 43. It was ______ lovely weather ______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A. such a
;
that
B. such
;
that
C. such
;
as
D. so
;
that
(
) 44. _____the great teacher Zhang Lili was in hospital, many people hoped she would
get better soon.
A. If
B. Until
C. Before
D. After
(
) 45. We just need one of you for the game. ____you____ your brother can join us.
A. Both; and
B. Neither; nor
C. Either; or
D. Not only; but also
(
) 46. You will fall behind others ______you work hard.
A. if
B. unless
C. though
D. since
(
) 47.
—
When shall we leave for China?
—
We won’t
_____we have visited all the places of interest here.
A. until
B. while
C. as
D. since
(
) 48
. Though the old man didn’t have enough money,
____ he gave a thousand yuan to the
charity.
A. /
B. and
C. but
D. or
(
) 49.
—
Do you prefer classical music _____ pop music?
—
Pop music, I think.
A. to
B. or
C. than
D. for
(
) 50
. Come on, ________ you’ll be late.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
(
) 51.
—
Could we go and watch the football game?
—
No, _____ you have the tickets.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
(
) 52. Some of the students are nearsighted ______they spend too much time watching TV
or playing online games.
A. when
B. though
C. because
D. unless
(
) 53. _______my father_______my mother take good care of me. I love them so much.
A. Either; or
B. Both; and
C. Neither; nor
(
) 54. Frank lives a simple life______ he has lots of money.
A. although
B. because
C so
D. if
(
) 55. We should care more about our health _______ good health is the first step towards
success.
A. so
B. because
C. but
D. if
(
) 56.
—
Why didn't you try your best to get on the subway?
—
I tried to, but it started moving _________I could get on it.
A. before
B. after
C. since
D. if
(
) 57. Tony is only four years old, _______he draws very well.
A. but
B. so
C. or
D. and
(
) bus driver always says to us ,
“
Don’t get off________ the bus stops.
”
A. when
B. while
C .until
D. if
(
) 59. ---
Tom isn’t feeling very well.
--- He seems to have a cold _____ the weather changes suddenly.
A. before
B. so
C. because
D. though
(
) 60
. Welcome to our hotel! I hope you’ll have a good time ____ your
stay here.
A. after
B. during
C. with
D. since
(
)
61.
A
lot
of
famous
doctors
gathered
in
Harbin_____
save
“China’s
most
beautiful
teacher”—
Ms Zhang Lili.
A. so that
B. in order to
C. in order that
D. as a result
(
) 62. Pleas
e tell me the truth, _____ I can’t decide how to help you next step.
A. so
B. or
C. but
D. for
(
) 63. ________ I was in he US, I made a lot of American friends.
A. While
B. Although
C. Unless
D. Until
(
) 64
. I didn’t believe
he could drive_____ he told me.
A. once
B. while
C. since
D. until
(
) 65.
—
I hear _____ your grandpa ______ your grandma like watching Beijing Opera.
—
Right, just as many old people do un our city.
A. both; and
B. either; or
C. neither; nor
D. not only; but also
(
)
66.
________
my
father
_____
my
mother
is
able
to
drive
a
car.
However,
they
are
going to buy one.
A. Neither; nor
B. Both; and
C. Either; or
D. Not only; but also
(
) 67. My cousin knows a lot about geography,_____ he is only four years old.
A. because
B. so
C. although
(
) 68.
car,
A. either; or
B. not only; but also
C. both; and
(
) 69. A true friend can see the pain in your eyes______ everyone else believes the smile
on your face.
A. while
B. because
C. before
D. until
(
) 70. Eddie was sleeping ______Millie was reading a magazine.
A. until
B. while
C. before
D. after
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