2021年1月23日发(作者：曾万钟)





















Unit 4

Word Pretest
ie

[
Vt.1)To lie or be beneath.
位于
....
之下

underlies the coal.
页岩层在煤层下面。




2)To
be
at
the
bottom
of
；
serve
as
the
base
of,as
of
an
argument
or
th eory
；
support.
位于
...
的底部，为（辩论、学说< br>等）的基础支撑。

motives underlies his act.
他行动的动机是什么？




The principles which underlie our foreign policy are sound.
作为我们外交政策基础的原则是健全的。

过去式：
underlay
过去分词：
underlain
现在分词：
underlying

ibe
1)Vi. adopt as a belief.
同意，赞成
(to)
could not subscribe to their unfair plan.
他不能赞同他们
不公平的办法。

【
subscribe to sth.
同意，赞成】

2) sign a paper in token of promise to give a certain sum,or
to take and pay for sth. as a book.
认捐，
认购，订阅，预约
（书
等）
（
to)
subscribe to several magazines.
我们订阅数种杂志。

3)Vi.
预订，认购（
for
）

the magazines that I subscribed for another year.
把我订阅的杂志再续订一年。





to subscribe for bonds.
认购公债

4
）

give
or
promise(a
sum
of
money)for
some
object,by
writing one's name.
捐款，捐助

eg.I have subscribed 20,000 dollars for the institute.
我为该机构
已捐助了两万美元。

5
）
one's name(on)
签署

he subscribed his name on the papers?
他在文件上签名
了吗？

【
subscribe oneself as.
把自己的名字签作
....
】


nt
1)NOUN.A
signed
written
agreement
between
two
or
more
parties(nations) to perform some action.
契约，盟约，合同

eg.

....the
International
Covenant
on
Civil
and
Political
Rights......
公民权利和政治权利公约

2
）
NOUN

(Bible)an agreement between God and his people in
which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior
from them in return.
圣约

3
）
Vi. Enter into a formal agreement.
订立盟约、契约

covenanted in loyalty to the king.
他们订立盟约以效忠
国王。

4)Vt.
用盟约承诺、保证

covenanted that their hostages would be present.
他们保
证他们的人质将到场。

4.
Tribulation

annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event.
苦难，
磨难。

Eg.....the
trials
and
tribulations
of
everyday
life.
日常生活的磨
练与艰难。

Tribulation consciousness
忧患意识

in the face of


(contrary)
与
...
相反的，
背道
而 驰的

b
t reluctantly;yield.
屈服，死，被压垮
(to)
of them
succumbed to their injuries.
他们之中的许多
人受伤不治而死。

...to succumb to a disease
因患病而死


1)NOUN
。
Clothing
of
a
distinctive
style
or
for
a
particular