2021年1月23日发(作者：房思瑜)
全国在职教育硕士英语

学生用书

第二版
Unit 5

Unit 5



Biography
Prepare Yourself

Do you know ?
humility
谦逊




endeavor


n & v
努力

尝试




sincerity
真诚

真挚

patriotism
爱国主义




faith
信仰
,
信念


divine
神圣的
,
非凡的
,
崇高的
reconcile
调和
,
和解

self-observation
自我审视

How do you say it ?
善意
goodwill, good intentions

高尚
noble


成就
achievement, success, accomplishment
抱负
ambition, aspiration


原则
principle



奉献
dedicate
平等
equality



忠诚
sincerity, loyalty, faithfulness
Make up a sentence
A man must observe the ebb and flow of events and act on what he can discern in the tides.

一个人必须观察世事盛衰，并在时代潮流中根据自己的观察而有年作为。

Text 1



Lincoln in History
Life is measured by thought and action, not by time.
The annals of the past contain few accounts of truly good men. Historians are more used to
analyzing
a
mixture
of
ingredients,
good
and
bad
intentions,
success
and
failure,
high
endeavors threatened by flaws in execution, and to balance out the sums ending with a careful
plus or minus.



过去 的历史记载中真正的伟人为数不多。
历史学家更多的采用综合因素分析，
动机的好与
坏 ，成功或失败，努力尝试的程度，
在执行过程中被缺点错误的干扰威胁等，然后略加酌减，
综合 平衡，得出结论。




Lincoln is rare in providing much for history to ponder and reflect on but little to dispute
with except in the shortcomings in the execution of his policies. He is the rarer for his absolute
success through four years of bitter politics and bloody warfare.


林肯是少有的能够经得起历史的考验与反馈，但争议很少的伟人。在政策实施中的 缺点小
错除外。在四年的艰苦卓绝的政治生涯和血腥战争中，他是非常罕见的绝对的成功者


He sought power, without pretending otherwise, and exercised it to the full. But he is singular,
perhaps unique in history, in that he was never corrupted by power. His ambition was tied not
to personal gain but to a pair of succeeding and complementary principles; to restore a nation
dedicated to the proposition that “all men are created equal” and to ensure that a union so
recovered was purged of the great contradiction which had lain at the heart of its constitution.
他寻求权力，
没有自吹自擂，
然后全面运用， 他是卓绝的，也可以说在历史上是独一无二的。
他没有因拥有权力而腐败。他的雄心抱负所系，并不是个 人所得，而是成功完成相配套的系
列方针政策，重建国家，献身于
“
所有人天生平等< br>”
的美好事业，剔除存在各组织机构内的各
种矛盾，确保整个国家战线统一。



His
loyalty
to
government
by
consent
required
that
he
could
only
achieve
his
aims
if
his
fellow citizens agreed with him and could be held to their purpose through the darkest hours.
In that art of persuasion, he was a consummate politician, subtly and ruthlessly working the
levers
of
parties
and
politicians
to
achieve
a
balance
between
the
fractions
and
factions
of
competing groups and ideas, whose particular interests threatened to destroy the precarious
patriotism
which
sustained
the
army.
He
listened,
avoided
argument,
kept
his
counsel,
and
then he made his decisions from which he could not diverge.
他忠诚 于美国人民选出和支持的政府。经过他的选民同意，他不仅能实现自己的目标，而且
能够完成他们共同的 决心打算，度过最困难黑暗的时光。就说服艺术而论，他是一位高明的
政治家，细致、无情面地工作在各 种党派和政要之间，使各种琐碎繁杂的工作、各党派之间
达成一种默契平衡。对于那些理想观点，尤其是 来自军队，受危险的爱国主义威胁的观点，
他认真倾听，避开争吵，保持自己的决策不偏离常规。



His
skills
in
reconciling
oppositions
and
commanding
their
respect
grew
from
his
apprenticeship in the little rural communities where he had learned to make his way though
the
full
diversity
of
the
world,
and
from
his
long
reflective
self-observation
in
times
of
depression, which gave him the same sympathetic insight into the character of others that he
had into himself. As the war continued and the casualty figures grew, the found a convinced
agnostic faith that there was some divine purpose in the affairs of men, though he could not
define or confine the deity within any Christian confession. A man must observe the ebb and
flow of events and act on what he can discern in the tides. He had no faith that man could
deflect God from his course.
他调解反对者的娴熟技巧，博得了他们的尊重。这从他在乡下小社区当学徒开始。他也 学会
了通过世界多样性的来改变自己的处世方法，
在情绪落消沉的日子，
学会了自我反 思。
这样，
别人的性格就以同情欣赏的态度进入了他的内心。随着战争的继续和伤亡人员的增加 ，他发
现了人们中以占卜为目的前途渺茫的无聊信仰。
基督教派内部，
他虽不能够规定 或限制神性。
一个人必须观察世事盛衰，并在时代潮流中根据自己的观察而有年作为。他的信仰理念是一
个人不可能使自己的历程与上天偏离。



Lincoln’s humility about his own capabilities saved him from jealous rivalries or disputes;
he saw sincerity even in the views of his bitterest critics and in the rebel leaders. He infuriated
his supporters and enemies alike by his apparent dithering when decisive action was needed,
but he turned their strictures into constructive advice from which, in the end, the evolved his
decision.
He
had
had
to
teach
himself
the
job
of
being
president
in
the
most
challenging
moment in the nation’s history and as he learned so he commanded more and more personal
respect. He died with the noblest part of the great task achieved-the end of slavery. The very
near religious veneration in which he was held at his death grew rapidly in the dark days of
reconstruction
when
the
new
government
attempted
to
complete
the
job
by
defining
a
meaning for freedom and equality which now include all Americans.
林肯谦让虚心的才能使他在傲慢的竞争对手和尖锐的争议中保全了自己，
他看上去真诚亲切，
即 使是最挑剔的指责者和反对党领导人也这样认为。
他十分生气的是他的支持者和仇敌一样，
当关 键时候来临时，显得非常明显的慌乱紧张，犹豫不决，但他仍就把他们的指责苛求转换
成建设性建议。最 后，逐渐形成自已的决策。在国家历史上最有挑战性的时刻，他必须教会
自己适应总统工作。他做到了， 并且赢得了越来越多的个人声望。当最神圣伟大的任务
----
奴隶制度的终结
---
刚刚完成，他就走了。他去世后，人们对他虔诚的崇拜仍在继续。在国内
统一战争的黑暗日子里 ，当时新政府试图完成包括所有美国人在内的自由平等的工作。

The legend as it grew obscured the real man but the core of the story is true and achievements
of
the
greatest
President
remain
unchallenged
and
untarnished.
He
ensured
the
survival
of
“the last best hope of earth”
-popular gove
rnment and the rule of the law. Without Lincoln’s
presidency, the fortunes of all other nations “so convinced in liberty” would have been at risk
and the rest of the free world would have been left on its own to face the dark forces which
ravaged the globe in the twentieth century.
人物传记逐渐模糊暗淡了这位伟人。但这个故事的核心是真实 可考的，并且他作为最伟大的
总统所取得的成就仍然不容挑战，不容玷污。他深信：
“
全球最美好的希望
”
----
民众政府和法
制社会将继续，不会消亡。没有林 肯总统的管理，二十世纪，
“
笃信自由
”
的其他民族还将面
临风险， 自由世界的其他国家仍就面对蹂躏全球的黑暗势力。


SectionB

II Vocabulary study

evolve




confine





corrupt




endeavor




account




mixture


演变






限制









腐败








努力








描述








混合物

depression






at risk







to the full






insight into
萧条










处于危险当中






完全地









洞察

1. Jane was


confined


to bed due to illness for three months.



简由于生病困在床上三个月。注意过去时

直接加
d
2. Many women lost their jobs during the economic


depression


.
许多妇女在经济萧条时期失去了工作。

3. The


corrupting


effects of complete power ruined many politicians



完全权力的腐蚀作用毁了许多政治家。现在分词作定语

加
ing.
4. Her first reaction to the news was a


mixture


of grief and comfort.

她听到这个消息的第一反应是悲伤和欣慰混合在一起。



5. The journalist wrote an article in which police corruption was exposed


to the full


.

这个记者写了一篇文章，文中警察腐败完全暴露。

6. Shop assistants are asked to make every

endeavor

to provide the customer satisfaction.


售货员被要求尽最大的努力使顾客满意。


7.
He
argued
that
the
British
legal
system
was
derived
from
Roman
law
and
has

evolved
into
a
complicated system .


他辩称英国法律体系从罗马法引申而来，并且已经演变成一个复杂的体系。

8. The disease is spreading quickly in the city and people ,especially children and the aged ,are

at risk


.


这种疾病快速在城市蔓延，人们尤其是孩子和老人处于危险当中。

9. The book gives readers a deeper


insight into


European culture.


这本书使读者深入洞察欧洲文化。


10. The witness gave the police a full


account

of what had happened in the courtyard .

证人给警察完整地描述了院子里发生的事情。


B) Choose the appropriate word for each sentence,using the proper form.
选择合适的词填句子，
使用正确的
形式
。

Practice/exercise


实践、实践场所
/
锻炼、演习

1. An aircraft carrier and nineteen warships left the naval base today for
exercises

at sea .


一架航母和十九只战舰今天离开海军基地进行海上演习。

2. He returned to South Carolina in 1966 and established his own legal


practice

.


1966
年，他回到南加利福尼亚并建立起他自己的律师事务所。

Threat/threaten


威胁

名词

/
威胁


动词

3. The kidnappers
threatened
to kill the hostages unless they received a ransom of $$500,000.
绑架者威胁要杀死人质除非他们受到
50
万赎金。



注意过去时加
ed.
4.
In
his
inaugural
address
Lincoln
repeated
that
his
government
posed
no

threat


to
slavery
in
the
states .


在他的就职演讲中，林肯再三说道他的政府对美国的奴隶制没有任何威胁。

War/warfare

战争


/

战争状态

通常表示确切的化学战、大战等

5. If they had negotiated a peace earlier they could have avoided this terrible , bloody war

.

如果他们早先谈判达成和平，他们本来可以避免这场可怕的血腥的战争。

6. He flew nine special missions in that area in 2003 and has experience with
biological warfare

.



生物
战固定词组

2003
年，他执行了九个特殊任务，并掌握了生物战的经验。

Restore/recover


恢复、重建
/
身体康复

7. The object of the war to

restore

the Union but the cause of the war was slavery .


战争的目标是恢复联盟，但战争的起因是奴隶制。

8. It took her three months to

recover

her spirits after that unexpected blow .


在那个意外的打击之后，她花了三个月的时间来使得精神康复。

Reflect/deflect

反映
/
转移

9. The newspaper aims to

reflect

the views of the middle class.


这家报纸的目的在于反映中产阶级的观点。


10. Their main purpose was to


deflect

attention from the opponents’ criticism .



他们主要目的是转移对手批评的注意力


III Prepositions and adverbs
介词和副词

1. She never
lost faith in
Steven who was now under heavy criticism on account of his failure.



她从来没有对史蒂文丧失信心，他由于失败正承受严厉的批评。
固定词组，对
…
失去信心

2. At the moment Natasha is
on the point

of


losing her self-control.



当时，娜塔莎正处于失控的状态。
固定词组，在
…
点上

3.
After
a
cabinet
meeting
in
the
morning
and
a
drive
with
Mary
in
the
afternoon
,
Lincoln
was


in


excellent spirits
.

固定词组，精神状态良好

早上开完内阁会议，下午又和玛丽驾驶一段行程之后，林肯的精神状态极佳。

4. His wife did not want him to run for the Presidency because she
feared

for

his safety.

他的妻子不愿让人竞选总统，因为她害怕他的 安全。
固定词组，为
…
感到害怕。