2021年1月23日发(作者：穆堂)
UNIT 1


Of Marriage and Single Life







Francis Bacon
弗兰西斯。培根

are the advantages and disadvantages of a married life according to Bacon?
Advantages:
1.

Be responsible for family and careful;
2.

Hortative, put men in mind of their wives and children ,for soldiers;
3.

A kind of discipline of humanity , grave natures led by custom are commonly loving
husbands;
4.

Wives are young men
’
s mistress , companions for middle age , and old men
’
s nurses
Disadvantages:





hostages to fortune
ments to great enterprises
abatament of a man
’
s riches and a family will bing a man bonds and shackles
UNIT 4

Letter to Lord Chesterfield







Samuel

Johnson

塞缪尔。约翰逊

is the importance of this letter in the history of English literature?


1.

John
’
s
letter
has
been
described
as
literature
’
s

“
Declaration
of
Independence
”
;Independence of writers


2. It
’
s a poor writer to the big man
’
s indictment-like , showing contempt for the writer of
the elite.


3. It has been the subject of critical comment over since in the literary world.


represents the English new bourgeoisie(
资产阶级
)
’
resistance against feudalism
（封建
主义）
.


embodies the author
’
s rebellion.
*6
、
事实上，
此后英国文坛上的保护制度
（
Patronage< br>）
在英国，
在欧洲大陆逐渐消失了。

***Writing features in the letter
1
、

beautiful , elegant statement
（陈述）

and long sentences.
2
、

the use of Triple parallelism(
三联排比
).
3
、

the use of irony , satire
（讽刺）

and humor
（幽默）
.
4
、

the combination of metaphor
（比喻）
and allusion
（暗指，影射）
.
UNIT 7

How

to

Grow

Old







Bertrand Russell

伯特伦德。罗素

3
．
What
，

in the opinion of the author , is the best way for an old person to overcome the
fear of death?



Apart from a hereditary factor , he points out that the best way for the aged to live a long
life
is
to
develope
wide
and
impersonal
hobbies
.
(Thus

,
old
people
could
avoid
reminiscence
of
their youth
and
excessive
concern
for
their
grown-up
children .
Also
they
may
find
it
easier
to
overcome
the
fear of
death
and
make
their
life
part
of
the
universal
one.)
Universities and Their Function



Alfred North Whitehead
阿尔佛雷德。
诺思。
怀特海德

does Whitehead see as the chief function of a university ? Why is a university an
ideal place to develope this talent ?

Thus the proper funcion of a university is the imaginative acquisition of
task of a university is to weld together imagination and experience.
The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and
the
zest
of
life
,
but
uniting
the
young
and
the
old
in
the
imaginative
consideration
of
learning . The university imparts(
传授
) information , but it imparts it least ,