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1970-01-01 08:00
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2021年1月23日发(作者:馊主意)
英语语言知识归纳


英语强调句型用法分析

山东省潍坊第七中学

刘永科


英语中,表示“强调”的 方法有很多。首先,在一个句子中我们
可以通过嵌入某些单词或短语来实现。例如:

That is the very reason why I want to apologize to you.

very
表示
“恰恰,正是”的含义,表示强调。


What
i
n the world
(
on earth
) did you mean by saying that?

in the
world

on earth
两个短语都表示
“究竟,
到底”
的含义,
表示强调。


I don’t like the picture
at all.

at all

not
连用,表示强调:
“一
点也不”



He shouldn’t be blamed for that because he is
nothing but

a child.

nothing but
理解为“仅仅,只不过”的意思,表示强调。


The family did manage to send him to a technical school.

在谓语动
词之前加
do, does, did

也可以达到强调动词词义的目的。


但在更多的时候,我们则使用强调句型来实现“强调”之目的。
例如:

It is human activity that has caused this global warming. (
选修
6

4
单元
)
It< br>引导的强调句,是英语中最常见、最常用的语言现象,也是英
语学习中的重点和难点。
在 我们课本里面,
强调句型可以说比比皆是。
例如:

I
wonder
if
it’s
because
I
haven’t
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long t
hat I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (
必修
1

1
单元
)
被强调的部分是一个原因状语从句。

不仅如此,在近几年的高考试题中,强调句亦频繁出现。例如:

It wasn’t until nearly a month later ______ I received the manager’s
reply. (2005
全国
)




A. since


B. when


C. as


D. that
(
此题考查 “
not…until…
”的强调句型,答案是
D
。由于被强调
的部 分是时间状语,
命题者给了三个与时间有关的干扰选项。
但不要
忘记这是一个强调句型 ,选
that
没错。
)
--- ______ that he managed to get the information? (2005
山东
)




--- Oh, a friend of his helped him.




A. Where was it







B. What was it




C. How was it









D. Why was it
(
此题考查的内容虽然是“方式”
,而不是强调句本身,但这
4

选项全都用了强调句型的特殊疑问式,
无疑增加了理解的难度。
句子的意思是:他究竟是怎样设法得到这消息的?答案是
C

)

下面总结归纳
it
强调句型的用法及其注意要点。

强调句型的构成是:
It is (was) +
被强调部分
+ that (who) +
句子
的其他成分
。被强调的部分放在

It is (was)
之后,其它部分置于
that
之后。被强调部分可以是
主语,宾 语,表语或状语
。强调的主语如果
是人,可以由
who
代替
that
。如果把该句型结构还原,应该是一个完
整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的一种 方法。

1.
被强调的成分举例

原句:
Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday.
强调主语:
It was Tom that found my pen in the classroom yesterday.
强调宾语:
It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday.
强调地点状语:
It
was
in
the
classroom
that
Tom
found
my
pen
yesterday.
强调时间状语:
It
was
yesterday
that
Tom
found
my
pen
in
the
classroom.
2.
强调句型的一般疑问式

直接把
is

was
提到
it
之前即可。例如:

Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?
3.
强调句型的特殊疑问式

特殊疑问词
+ is (was) it + that +
句子的其他成分
。特殊疑问词即
是被强调的成分,例如:

Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
When was it that the Second World War broke out?
4.

It is
还是
It was?
我们可以根据原句时态来确定用
It is
还是
It was

如果原句时态
属于现在时间范畴(包括一般现在 时,现在进行式,现在完成时,一
般将来时等)
,则用
It is …
;如果 原句时态属于过去时间范畴(包括
一般过去时,
过去进行时,
过去完成时,
过 去将来时等)

则用
It was …
例如:

What is it that you want me to do now?
Was it John that broke the window this morning?
5. that (who)
有时可以省略

随着语言的发展,这种强调句型中的
that< br>或
who
有时可以省略。
例如:

It was my brother (that/whom) you saw the other day.
It was William (who) did it.
我们知道有这种省略现象而已,但尽量不要模仿,以免出错。

6.
并非所有的成分都可以强调

课本上讲,
“可以对句子中除谓语动词以外的成 分加以强调”


种说法是不准确的。
除了谓语动词不可强调以外,
并不是所有的表语
和状语都可以强调。如,
形容词作表语就不可以强调,表示程度和方
式的单个副词也不能强调
。例如:

* It is beautiful that Mary is.
(应改为:
Mary is really beautiful.


* It was hard that Tom worked.

应改为:
Tom worked hard indeed.


7.
强调原因状语从句要注意

若从 句由
as

since
引导,强调时则改为
because
,这是因为,
because
引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈,符合强调句的目的。
例如:

As she got up late, she missed the first bus.
变为:

It was because she got up late that she missed the bus.
8.
强调句的否定转移

有些否定句在变成强调句时,
要把否定转移到被强调的词 语之

。尤其是“
not… until…
”句式的强调要特别注意。例如:

Money can’t buy everything.
变为:

It is not everything that money can buy.
He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had told him.
变为:

It wasn’t until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake
.
最后一句应注意,在
强调句式中,虽然
not
被提前,但“
not…
until…

句型不要到装

不可说:
*It wasn’t until the teacher had told him
did he realize his mistake.

(全文完

一、



Do
常用于一般现在时或一般过去 时,放在行为
动词前,加强语气,表示说话者坚定的语气;
Do
用在祈使句中时,可使请求或邀请显得更有诚意。例如:

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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