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高考强调句型考点揭秘
强调句型是高中英语中一个重 要的语法项目,是高
考重要考点之一。其基本结构为:
it is/was +
被强调 的部
分
+that+
其他成分
(
当被强调部分为
sb.,
且在句中作主语时,
可用
who)
。所强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或 者状语,但不
能是定语或谓语。原句是现在时,强调句用
it
is ……that……;原句是过去时,强调句用
it
was ……that……。如果去掉这个 结构,经过语序调整或不
调整,应该是一个完整无缺的句子,这也是判断强调句型的
关键。本文 拟结合历年高考试题对强调句型的考点作如下归
纳。
一、语序问题
1.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
例
1 Was it that I saw last night at the concert?
例
2
Why
is
it
that
she
is
not
so
healthy
as
she
used
to be?
2.
强调句型在宾语从句中用陈述语序
例
3 I don’t know ________________ in the
novel that made him burst into tears. (what)
我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。
(2019
湖北
)
解析:观察题干中多了一个联词
that,
汉语翻译中多了
第
1
页
一个“是什么”,可知要用强调结构:疑问词
+it+ was/is
that
的用法
;
故答案为:
what it was
二、主谓一致
强调主语时,
that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人
称与数保持一致。
例
4
It’s
what
you
do
rather
than
what
you
say
that matters.
例
5
It’s
your
efforts
not
your
intelligence
that determine (
决定
)your success.(2019
湖北
)
例
6
It
is
the
ability
to
do
the
job__
matters
,
not
where you came from or what you are.
A. one B. it C. what D. that
解析:通过以上三个例子可以得出一个结论,被强调的
主语由“not A but B A rather than B; A not B”构成
时,
that
后面谓语的 单复数以“肯定”为准,
有时还可以将
否定的部分置于句末。
三、not until……的强调
用“It
is/was
not
until...that...”这一固定句型,
由于否定已经前移,
that
后只能用肯定形式,
同时要注意主
句的主谓不能 使用倒装语序。如果把
“ not until …”置
于句首时,主句要倒装。
例
7
I
didn’t
realize
she
was
the
famous
film
第
2
页
star until he took off her dark glasses.
It was not until he took off his dark glasses that
I recognized him.
= Not until he took off his dark glasses did I
recognize him.
四、插入定语从句
1.
在被强调的部分后面插入一个定语从句
例
8 It was in Beihai Park__ they made a date for
the first time __ the old couple told us their love
story.
A. where;that B. that;that C. where;when D.
that;when
例
9 Was__ Bill
,
__ played basketball very well
,
__ helped the blind man across the street.
A.
that;that;who
B.
it;that;that
C.
it;who;that
D.
this;who;who
解析:例
8
选
A
where
they
made
a
date
for
the
first
time
是一个定语从句
;
例
9
选
C who played basketball
very well
是一个定语从句,
2.
对特殊疑问句作答时省略
that
及其后面的内容
例
10 “Where did you find the professor who made
the speech yesterday?”
第
3
页
“It was in the hall _________ the students often
have a me
eting.”
A. where B. which C. that D. when
解析:很可能误选
C
,认为这是一个强调句,强调地点
状语
in
the
hall
。假若选
C
,即有
It
was
in
the
hall
that
the students often have a meeting
,无论是其意思还是
其语法均 未错,但若将其与上文联系起来看,则不通。此题
的答案是
A
,
where
the
students
often
have
a
meeting
为
定语从句,用以修饰其前的名词
the hall,句意为“是在
学生们经常开会的那个大厅
(
找到教授的)”,这样语意就通顺了。
五、强调句型与相关句型的辨析
强调句型极易与下列句型混淆
,
故高考也常考查这方面
的内容。做 题时首先判断该题是否为强调句型。把“It
be …that”去掉,如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完 整
(
被强调
部分要还原到原位置
)
,那么这个句子就是强调句
;
如果句子
不完整,则不是强调句。
1. It be+
段时间+ since ... “自从……以来”
该 句型中的
be
动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时
态
,since
引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一
般过去时,从句则用过去完成时。
例
’s
more
than
half
a
century
_________
第
4
页
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