2021年1月23日发(作者：vision是什么意思)
强调句和经典句型

我们在说话、写文章的过程中，为了要突出句子中的某一部分时， 就常使用某种方法、手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调。


英语中，表示强调的方法一般分为三种：位置的强调；用词强调；句型强调。如：


一、位置强调


英语句子的语序，一般为：主、谓、宾、表、状。有 时为了强调某个成份，就故意将它移到句首或句末。如：


A.
强调主语及状语。如：


(1) I was reading English this morning.
—
This morning, I was reading English.
今天早晨，我一直在读英语。


(2) I’ll go to see Li Lei tomorrow. —

Tomorrow, I’ll go to see Li Lei.
明天，我要去看李蕾。


B.
强调谓语
(as, though
引导的让步状语从句
)

(1) Though he will try, he
can’t succeed. —

Try as / though he will, he can’t succeed.
尽管他会尝试，但他不会成功。


(2)
Though she can sing, she can’t sing well. —

Sing though / as she can, she can’t sing well.
尽管她会唱，但唱得不好。


C.
强调宾语或表语
(as, though
引导的让步状语从句
)

(1) Though he learnt English,
he didn’t learn it well. —

English as / though he learnt, he didn’t learn it well.
尽管他学过英语，但他学得并不好。


(2) Though he is ill, he keeps on working.
—
Ill as / though he is, he keeps on working.
尽管他有病，他仍坚持工作。


二、用词强调


英语中强调的另一种方法，就是用不同的词进行夸张从而达到强调的目的。用词强调主要有以下几种形式 。


A.
在句子中的谓语动词前加助动词
do,
对谓语进行强调。如：


(1) I do like swimming.
我的确喜欢游泳。


(2) He did go there last night.
他昨天晚上的确去过那儿。


B.
用
awfully, badly, dead, deeply, ever, extremely, highly, indeed, lightly, not…at all, particularly, pretty, really
, so, strongly, terribly, utterly, very, very much,
等副词修饰以加强语气。如：

(1) He wants to get it very much.
他非常像得到它。


(2) I miss you terribly.
我非常思念你。


C.
用短语
at all, on earth, in the world, under the sun
等表示强调，意思是：到底，究竟，根本。如：


(1) I don’t know it at all
.
我一点也不知道。


(2)W hat on earth are you doing there?
你到底在那干什么


4)
用重复某一个词或短语来强调。如：




(1) He thought and thought, and suddenly he got a good idea.
他想啊想啊，突然想到了一个好主意。




(2) He ran and ran, and at last he caught up with other students.
他跑啊跑啊，终于赶上了其他的同学们。




三、用句子来强调





1

A
．句型强调




英语中最常见的强调手段，也是我们必须要掌握的方法就是句型强调，即：强调句型。
It is / was +
被强调的部分

+ that (who)…
如：




(1) It was in the room that Li Lei was born.
李蕾出生就在这间房子。




(2) It is Wei Fang who has broken the record.
就是魏方打破了纪录。




B
．在使用强调句型时须注意的几个问题：




(A)
原句子是现在时或将来时，强调句用
It is +
被强调的部分

+ that (who)…;
若原句子是过去时，强调句用：
It was +
被强调的部分

+ that (who)…



(1) Li Lei’s father will work in America. —It is in America that Li Lei’s father will work.
李蕾的父亲的工作将就在美国。




(2) I studied at this school a few years ago.
—
It was at this school that I studied a few years ago.
几年前我就在这所学校读书。




(B)
即使被强调的部分是复数，
It
后面始终用单数形式。如
(from )



(1) Tom and Lucy gave us much help.
—
It was Tom and Lucy that gave us much help.
正是汤姆和露西给了我们很多的帮助。




(2) I saw swans in the lake yesterday.
—
It was swans that I saw in the lake yesterday.
昨天我看到在湖里的就是天鹅。




(C)
强调人时，可用
who
代替
that,
但若强调时间、地点、原因、方式时，不能用
when, where, why, how
代替

that
。如：




(1) It is our teacher who / that helps us make great progress.
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。




(2) It is by bus that I go to school every day.
每天我就是乘公共汽车上学。




(D)
在强调
not…until
结构中的时间状语时，应将
no t
移到
until
前，再将
not until
部分移到被强调的位置。如：




I didn’t go to bed until twelve o’clock last night. —

It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed.
昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。




(E)
强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，将强调句中的主句用一般疑问语序。如：




2


(1) Do you like English?
—
It is English that you like?
英语就是你喜欢的吗？




(2) Will you go to London?
—
It is London that you will go to?
你要去的就是伦敦吗？




(F)
特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以被强调。句型为：特殊疑问词
+be + it that+…?
如：




(1) What made him so angry?
—
What is it that made him so angry?
是什么东西使他如此生气？




(2) Why did she cry?
—
Why was it that she cried?
是什么原因使他哭了起来？




(G)
强调主语时，
who
或
that
后面的谓语形式须与被强调的主语保持一致。如：




(1) Lily speaks Chinese very well.
—
It is Lily who / that speaks Chinese very well.
李丽的汉语讲得很好。



(2) Children like stories.
—
It is Children that like stories.
孩子们喜欢故事。




(H)
强调句中的
be
前可用表推测的情态动词：
must, can, may
等。如：




(1) It must be Piney that sent us this present.
肯定是
Piney
给我们寄来了这件礼物。



(2) How can it be that he didn’t pass the exams.
他考试没有通过怎么可能呢？

经典句型必备

1
、
as
句型：


(1)
as
引导方式状语从句句型：
“
按照
……
；正如
……”


例：
We
do
farm
work
as
the
old
peasant
teaches
us.


As(it
is)in
your
country,
we
grow
wheat
in
the
north
and
rice
in
the
south.
正如
(
像
)
你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。


(2)
as
＋形容词／副词原级＋（
a
／
an
）＋名词＋
as
;

否定式：
not
as/so
---
as

例：
He
is
as
good
a
player
as
his
sister
．


3


他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。


(3)
such
+
n.
+
as
to
do
如此
……
以致于
……


例：
She
is
such
a
fool
as
to
believe
what
he
said.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。


(4)
so
+
adj./adv.
+
as
to
do
sth
如此
……
以致于
……


例：
He
was
so
strong
as
to
carry
the
heavy
box.

他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。


(5)
such
---
as---
象
……
之类的
……
（接名词或定语从句）


例：
He
wished
to
be
such
a
man
as
Lei
Feng
was.

他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。


(6)
the
same
＋名词＋
as
和
……
一样的
……
（接名词或定语从句）


例：
He
is
not
the
same
man
as
he
used
to
be
他不是从前的那样子了。


(7)
as
引导非限制性定语从句


例：
As
is
known
to
us,
knowledge
is
power.
众所周知，知识就是力量。


(8)
引导时间状语从句。与
while
意义相近


例：
We
get
wiser
as
we
get
older.
随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。

(9)
引导原因状语从句，与
because
的用法相近


例：
As
it
was
getting
very
late,
we
soon
turned
back.

因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。


(10)
引导让步状语从句


例：
Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
much
about
science.

尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。

2
、
prefer
句型：


(1)
prefer
to
do
sth

例：
I
prefer
to
stay
at
home.
我宁愿呆在家里。


(2)
prefer
doing
sth

例：
I
prefer
playing
in
defence.
我喜欢打防守。


(3)
prefer
sb
to
do
sth

4


例：
Would
you
prefer
me
to
stay?
你愿意我留下来吗？


(4)
prefer
to
do
sth
rather
than
do
sth
……
宁愿
…...
而不愿
.…


例句：
I
prefer
to
stay
at
home
rather
than
go
out

我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去
.

(5)
prefer
doing
sth
to
doing
sth

例：
I
prefer
watching
football
to
playing
it.


我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。


(6)
prefer
sth
to
sth

例：
I
prefer
tea
to
coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。

3
、
when
句型：


(1)
be
doing
sth
----
when
---

例：
He
was
still
smiling
when
the
door
opened
and
his
wife
came
in.

他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。


(2)
be
about
to
do
sth
---
when
---

例：
We
were
about
to
start
when
it
began
to
rain.

我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。


(3)
had
not
done
sth
---
when
---/
hardly
---
when
---

例：

He
had
not
fallen
asleep
when
the
telephone
rang.

他刚要入睡电话就响了。


(4)
had
just
done
----
when
---

例：
I
had
just
gone
to
bed
after
a
very
hard
day
when
the
phone
rang.

在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。

4
、
seem
句型：


(1)
It
+seems
+
that
从句


例：
It
seemed
that
everyone
was
satisfied.
看来好像每个人都很满意。


(2)
It
seems
to
sb
that
---

例：
It
seems
to
me
that
she
is
right.
我看她是对的，


5

(3)
There
seems
to
be
----

例：
There
seems
to
be
a
heavy
rain.
看上去要有一场大雨。


(4)
It
seems
as
if
----

例：
It
seemed
that
she
couldn't
come
to
class.
看样子她不能来上课了。

5
、表示
“
相差
……
；增加了
……
；增加到
……”
句型：


(1)
She
is
taller
than
I
by
three
inches.
她比我高三英寸


(2)
There
is
one
year
between
us.
我们之间相差一岁。


(3)
She
is
three
years
old
than
I
她比我大三岁。


(4)
They
have
increased
the
price
by
50%.
他们把价格上涨了
50%
6
、
what
引导的名词性从句


(1)
what
引导主语从句


例：
What
surprised
me
is
that
everybody
seemed
to
be
very
indifferent
to
her.

让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡
.
[
indifferent
adj.
不关心的
;
冷漠的
]

(2)
what
引导宾语从句


例：
We
can
learn
what
we
do
not
know.
我们能学会我们不懂的东西。


(3)
what
引导表语从句


例：
That
is
what
I
want.
那正是我所要的。


(4)
what
引导同位语从句


例：
I
have
no
idea
what
they
are
talking
about.
我不知道他们正在谈论什么
.
7
、
too
句型：


(1)
too
．．．
to
do
sth
．


例：
Politics
is
too
important
to
be
left
to
the
politicians
．


（＝
Politics
is
so
important
that
it
can't
be
left
to
the
politicians
．）


政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。


(2)
only
too
---
to
do
sth

例：
I
shall
be
only
too
pleased
to
get
home.
我要回到家里就非常高兴。


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