2021年1月23日发(作者：苦闷)

1995
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原文：

简
.
奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日 ，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她
何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘 得深不深，
艺术和思想是否有过人之处，
的
确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的 作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精
彩，
并曾对小说艺术的发展有 创造性的贡献，
也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅
白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过， 女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对
―
重要
‖
和
―不重要
‖
的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，
明察 到
―
小事
‖
的叙述
所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：

However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as
well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not
or
whether
it
exc
els
in
artistic
appeal
and
ideological
content).
Some
people
compare
Austen‘s
works
to
olives:
the
more
you
chew
them,
the
more
tasty
(the
tastier)
they
become.
This
comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her
creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the
fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so
explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts)
to
rectify
the
existing
value
concepts
(orders)
by
changing
people‘s
opinions
on
what
is
―important‖ and what is not.



E-C
原文

I,
by
comparison,
living
in
my
overpriced
city
apartment,
walking
to
work
past putrid
sacks
of
street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated
middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only
that
which
is
easily
measured---
the
numbers
on
the
money
chart
---
and
ignoring
values
more
central to the good life?
For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the
shared
riches
of
neighbours‘
orchards
and
gardens.
There
is
the
unpaid
baby
-sitter
for
whose
children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour.
But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?
I
don‘t
want
to
idealize
life
in
small
places.
There
are
times
when
the
outside
world
intru
des
brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland.
There
are
cruelties,
there
is
intolerance,
there
are
all
the
many
vices
and
meannesses
in
small
places
that
exist
in
large
cities.
Furthermore,
it
is
harder
to
ignore
them
when
they
cannot
be
banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when
they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖

Nor
do
I
want
to
belittle
the
opportunities
for
small
decencies
in
cities
---
the
eruptions
of
one- stranger-to-another
caring
that
always
surprise
and
delight.
But
these
are,sadly,more
exceptions
than
rules
and
are
often
overwhelmed
by
the
awful
corruptions
and
dangers
that
surround us.


参考译文：


对我的几个儿子来说，
乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，
垂钓来的鱼，
邻里菜园和果园里可 供分
享的丰盛瓜果。
乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居，
作为回报，
我儿媳也帮着照看
其孩子。
乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。
但比之更重要的是，
你如何来衡量那静谧与安详？
如何来衡量自我价值呢？

我无意将小地方的生活理想 化。
因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入：
比如汽油价格上涨，
开
发商把眼睛盯 住尚未开发的农田；
那里充斥着凶残和偏狭，
大城市的种种卑劣行径，
小地方
也一应俱全。
不仅如此，
当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为，
而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时，
就更难
以忽视它们。





1996
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原文：


近读报纸，
对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，

于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的 法国人手中的
名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。




在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果
是亚洲人 ，
他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，
这好像是不可
缺少 的礼节。然而，
法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，
双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空
地聊一番也就各自走开，
只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，
才会主动掏出名片。
二话
不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。

参考译文：

In
Paris,
cocktail
parties
and
buffet
receptions
of
different
kinds
offer
great
opportunities
for
making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they
will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before
any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however,
usually
are
not
so
ready
with
such
a
formality.
Both
sides
will
greet
each
other,
and
even
chat
casually about any topic and then excuse themselves.
Only when they find they like each other
and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so
before any real conversation gets under way.


96 Version C-E
In
Paris,
cocktail
parties
and
buffet
receptions
of
various
kinds
offer
good
opportunities
for
making friends. On such occasions two strangers may meet. If they are from Asia, they tend to
present
with
respect
their
own
name
cards
to
each
other
before
they
speak,
which
seems
to
be
indispensable
social
protocol/etiquette.
However,
the
French
don‘t
do
it
that
way.
Instead
of
offering their visiting cards, they may stop to exchange greetings or even chat casually about any
topic before they part and go away (they may say hello to each other, chat for a while and the walk
away). They offer/exchange their name cards only when they find the chatting very agreeable and
would
like
to
have
further
contact.
It
would
be
embarrassing
/unnatural
for
them
to
give
their
name cards before they speak/talk to each other.
E-C
原文：

It
should
have
been
easy.
They
were
battle-tested
veterans
with
long
ties
to
Reagan
and
even
longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the
country.
The
backdrop
of
the
campaign
was
hospitable,
with
lots
of
good
news
to
work
with:

America
was
at
peace,
and the
nation‘s
economy,
a
key
factor
in
any
election,
was
rebounding
vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of
money
for
a
top-flight
staff,
travel,
and
television
commercials.
And,
most
important,
their
candidate
was
Ronald
Reagan,
a
president
of
tremendous
personal
popularity
and
dazzling
communication
skills.
Reagan
has
succeed
more
than
any
president
since
John
F.
Kennedy
in
projecting a broad vision of America
–
a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative,
and smaller federal government.


参考译文：

这应 该不是件难事。
这都是些跟着里根多年、
久经沙场的老将，
他们跟共和党则有更深厚的
渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。
例如 ，
美国上下一片和平，
美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反
弹。此外，
这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、
支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德
·
里根，他可是位
极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰
·
F·
肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成 功地勾勒出美国
蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。



1997
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原文：

来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，
大多非 常刻苦勤奋，
周末也往往会抽出一天甚
至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果 出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜
烟好酒，
脾气暴躁。
但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎 实的基础知识，
也特别了解亚裔学生的
心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德 国外，其余
5
位均是亚裔学生。他
干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：
―本室助研必须每周工作
7
天，早
10
时至晚
12
时，工
作时间必须全力以赴。
‖
这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的
3
年半中，共有
14
位学生被招进他的实验室，
最后博士毕业的只剩下
5
人。
1990
年夏天，
我不顾别人劝阻，
硬着头皮接受了导师的资 助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。



参考译文：

Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue
their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously.
Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in
their
laboratories.
Therefore,
compared
with
their
American
counterparts,
they
are
more
academically fruitful. My supervisor is of Asian origin. He is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes,
with
a
sharp/irritable
temper.
Nevertheless,
he
highly
appreciates
the
industry
and
the
solid
foundational
knowledge
of
Asian
students
and
has
a
particularly
keen
insight
into
what
Asian
students have on their mind. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one
German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of his
lab, which read, ―All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week,
from 10
:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Nothing but work during the working hours.‖ This supervisor is
reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I
stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed
until
they
graduated
with
their
Ph.D.
degrees.
In
the
summer
of
1990,
ignoring
the
dissuasions
from
others,
I
accepted
my
supervisor‘s
sponsorship
and
embarked
on
my
difficult
journey
of

academic pursuit.


97 Version C-E
My tutor/supervisor was of Asian descent who drank and smoked a lot (had a habit of drinking
and
smoking)
and
was
quite
hot/short
/quick-tempered.
However,
he
highly
appreciated
Asian
students
for
their
diligence
and
solid
command
of
fundamental
knowledge
(he
admired
the
diligence
of Asian
students and
their
firm
grounding
in
science),
and he
knew
well
about
what
they thought and how they felt. That was why of the 6 students admitted to his lab that year 5 were
of Asian descent with only one from Germany. On the door of his lab there was an eye-catching
notice
which
read,
‖Lab
assistants
must
work
with
devotion
from
10
a.m.
to
12
p.m.,
7
days
a
week.‘ Harsh and demanding, the tutor had earned a campus
-wide reputation for his strictness with
students. During the 3 and a half years when I stayed with him, a total of 14students were admitted
to his lab but only 5 succeeded in taking their doctoral degrees/managed to complete their Ph.D.
studies.




E-C
原文：

Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province
of the rich unless we abdicate society‘s power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other
expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is:
why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defence, health and education.
But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also
to
draw.
The
impulse
towards
culture,
the
desire
to
express
and
explore
the
world
through
imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the
masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for
all
our
efforts;
they
are
the
touchstones
for
the
possibilities
to
which
human
thought
and
imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human
to another.


参考译文：

聆听歌剧，
无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人 的范畴，除非我们放弃社会
的选择权。
我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能 为那些不具备个人支付
能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护 、健康与
教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，
而且亦进行绘画创作。
人类对于文化的冲动，
通过形象思维和再现手段 来表现并
探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作中寻找到了其实现形式。
这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。
作为试金石，
它们 能衡量出
人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。
它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，
可在 人类彼此间相
互传递。



1998
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C- E
原文：
1997
年
2
月
24
日我们代表团下榻日 月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已
是次日凌晨
3
点了。
我躺在床上久 久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，
只见四周峰峦叠
翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的 景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多
……


这次到台湾访问交流，虽然 行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走
到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民 族在
21
世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年
生活在不同的社会环境中，
有着各自不同的生活经历，
但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化
优秀传统的印记，
都拥 有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。
在世纪之交的伟大时代，
我们的祖国
正在走向繁荣富强 ，
海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，
共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。
世纪
之交 的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。
跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎
接充满希 望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索
……

参考译文：
The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to
see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather
together,
an
important
topic
of
discussion
has
been
how
the
Chinese
nation
can
become
prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in
Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different
experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the
fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese
nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn
of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People
across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the
earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious
opportunities
and
the
tremendous
challenges
at
the
turn
of
the
century
have
pushed
the
young
people
to
the
foreground
(forefront)
of
the
historical
arena
(stage).
At
this
transitional
phase
between
the
two
millennia,
in
what
way
the
young
generation
should
embrace
the
forthcoming
new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.


E-C
原

文：
I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians
are
perhaps
prone
to
view
their
own
national
scene
too
narrowly,
mistaking
prominence
for
uniqueness.
They
do
over-phrase
their
own
literature,
or
certainly
its
minor
figures.
And
Americans
do
swing
from
aggressive
over
phrase
of
their
literature
to
an
equally
unfortunate,
imitative
deference.
But
then,
the
English
themselves
are
somewhat
insular
in
their
literary
appraisals.
Moreover,
in
fields
where
they
are
not
pre-eminent
—

e.
g.
in
painting
and
music
—
they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How
many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we
read in articles that they really represent an ―English tradition‖ after all.



To
speak
of
American
literature,
then,
is
not
to
assert
that
it
is
completely
unlike
that
of
Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler
could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on
the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes
more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to
precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England)
will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle
affair,
liable
to
perplex
the
Englishman
when
he
looks
at
America.
He
is
looking
at
a
country
which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own
—

and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship
yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his

blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.
参考译文：那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言 ，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言
之，美国与欧洲一直同步发展，
协调一致。在任何一个特 定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹
同一样式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，
书架上相同的书籍。
在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员
与货物往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式 的习惯、思想等概念时，
我意欲在
―
美国式的
‖
这一词汇之前加上某 种限定，
因为欧美（尤其是英美）
之间的差异往往
只是程度上的差异而已，
并 且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。
差异的多寡是
件极为微妙的事务，这极容易使 一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，
从某些重要的意义上来说，
诞生于他 自己的国家，
并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几
——
然而，
它却实实在 在是一个异邦。
两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭，
以及令人甚感突
兀的陌生感；亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，
这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马
路向另一个人 打招呼，
结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，
我们原来竟将一个陌生人误
认为我们 的熟人。



1999
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原

文：加拿大的温哥华
1986
年刚刚度过百岁生 日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立
市，以港兴市，
是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。
经过百年开发建设，
有着天然不冻良港的
温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲 、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货
物吞吐量达到
8
，
000
万吨 ，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。

温哥华（
Vancouver< br>）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿
大地广人稀，国土面积比中 国还大，人口却不足
3000
万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉
行的国策。
可以说，
加拿大除了印第安人外，
无一不是外来移民，
不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。
现今
180
万温哥华居民中，
有一半不是在本地
出生的，每
4
个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而
25
万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的
作用。
他们其中有一半是近
5
年才 来到温哥华地区的，
使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人
聚居地。

参考译文：
Vancouver‘s prosperity owes to the intelligence and diligence of the people there, as
well as to the contributions made by a variety of other ethnic groups. Canada is vast country with
a sparse population, having a territory larger than that of China but a population of less than 30
million.
That
is
why
Canada
has
long
adopted
a
national
policy
of
absorbing
immigrants
from
other countries. We may say that, with the exception of the (aboriginal) Indian people, Canadians
are made up immigrants, different from each other only in how long they have settled down there.
Vancouver
is
most
typical
of
this
which
is
among
the
few
cities
in
the
world
featuring
multi-nationalities. Of the 18 million people living in Vancouver nowadays, half were not born in
Vancouver and 1/4 is from Asia. Out of the 250 thousand Chinese-Canadians who have played a
decisive role in Vancouver‘s economic growth, half have immigrated to the region only 5 years
before.
All
these
Chinese-Canadians
have
made
V
ancouver
the
region
with
the
largest
Chinese
communities outside China.


E-C
原

文：
In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to
extend
the
family
line
or
the
family
name,
to
propitiate
the
ancestors;
to
enable
the
proper
functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern,
secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. // In addition, one
class
of
family
reasons
shares
a border
with
the
following
category,
namely,
having
children
in

order
to
maintain
or
improve
a
marriage:
to
hold
the
husband
or
occupy
the
wife;
to
repair
or
rejuvenate
the
marriage;
to
increase
the
number
of
children
on
the
assumption
that
family
happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to
bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. // Beyond all that
is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people,
husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family
—
they need children to enrich the circle, to
validate
its
family
character,
to
gather
the
redemptive
influence
of
offspring.
Children
need
the
family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at
least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world.
To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance
and in generational extension.
参考译文：
在某些社会中，
人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：
传宗接代，
光宗耀祖，
讨好祖辈，
使那些涉及到家庭的宗教仪式得以正常进行。
此类原因在现代世俗化的社会中似
显苍白，但它 们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的理由。
//
此外，有一类家庭
原因与 下列类别不无共通之处，
这便是：
生儿育女是为了维系或改善婚姻：
能拴住丈夫或者< br>使妻子不致于无所事事；
修复或重振婚姻；多子多孙，以为家庭幸福惟有此法。这一点更可
以由其反面得到昭示：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女（或无法生育男孩）对婚姻而言是一种
威胁，还可作为离婚的现成借口。
//
后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。< br>对许多人来说，
夫妻两人尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭
——
夫妻需要孩子 来丰富其两
人小天地，赋予该小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。
//
孩
子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。家庭作为一种社会机构，以其特有的方式，至少从原
则上说，
可在一个变幻莫测、
常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种 安全、
慰藉、
保障，
以及价值取向。



2000
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C- E
原文：中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些
不足，

后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为
后 起之秀

。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球
和各种生

物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种< br>阶段性结果

。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成 了
被动的旁观者

。
//
世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物 馆。在这里，观众可以自己
去动手操作，自

己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进 的科学技术，去探索科学技术的
奥妙。
//
中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆
!< br>它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，
设计制作了
力

学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。
?

参考译文：
The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by
means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the
Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies
which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization.
Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread
scientific
knowledge,
they
nevertheless
treated
visitors
merely
as
passive
viewers.
//
The
third
generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions
/ ideas. In those
museums,
visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to
observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in
this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.

The
China
Museum
of
Science
and
Technology
is
precisely
one
of
such
museums.
It
has
incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation.
Having
designed
and
created
exhibits
in
mechanics,
optics,
electrical
science,
thermology,
acoustics,
and
biology,
those
exhibits
demonstrate
scientific
principles
and
present
the
most
advanced scientific and technological achievements.


E-C
原文

If people mean anything at all by the expressi
on ―untimely death‖, they m us t believe that some
deaths nm on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely
—
a long life
is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years
lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken.? History denies this, of course. Among
prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of MariLarry Monroe and James Deans, whose lives
seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26,
and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The id ea that
the
life
cut
short
is
unfulfilled
is
illogical
because
lives
are
measure
d
by
the
impressions
they
leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.
参考译文（
1
）
：如果人们 藉

英年早逝

这一字眼真的意欲表达什么含义的话，他们必然相信
某些 人的辞世可以算是寿终正寝，而另一些人则

死不逢时

。死于年迈很少被冠以< br>
死不逢
时

之名，因为能度过漫长的一生被认为是甚为圆满的。反之，如 果所碰到的是一位年轻人
之死，人们会以为这位年轻人风华正茂，前途无可限量，生命的倒计时尚未真正 开始。

当然，历史否定这一切。在诸多较为著名的

英年早逝

的情形中，我们会忆起玛丽莲
.
梦露
与詹姆斯
.
迪恩斯之死，其生 命的短暂丝毫无损于其生命的完整性。对于约翰
.
济慈年方
26
便溘然长逝这 一事实，
文人墨客们皆痛不欲生，
但他们中仅有半数人诙谐地认为，
设若他们
也死于这一年龄，其一生可视为失败。视英年早逝为不圆满，
这一观念有悖于逻辑，因为衡
量生 命的尺度乃是留给世界的印记，是生命的力度及其美德。

参考译文
（
2）
：
提起英年
―
早逝
‖
，
人们或有所指。人们定会相信有些人死亡的时刻更为适宜。
寿终正寝极少称为
―
早逝
‖< br>。
长寿即意味着生命之完整。
但英年早逝常令人感到逝者美好时光
尚未到来，一 生之评说尚未做出。然而，历史却否认这点
,
提起杰出的早逝者，人们定会亿
起玛丽莲
·
梦露和詹姆士
·
迪恩。
两人生命短暂，
却完美无缺。诗人约翰
?
济慈
26
岁与世长辞，
作家们对此难以接受。而他们 自己过了
26
岁时却只能半开玩笑地认为今生今世无所作为。
生命短暂即未成果这—
观念荒谬无理。
生命的价值取决于它留给世界的印象、
它的贡献及它
的 美德。



2001
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原

文：乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是 钓鱼和喝酒。晚
年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说，
―
有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环 境便会给人好心情。
我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、
给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，
而 是那极其有吸引力的大自
然野外天成的场所。
‖
钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益 于身心健康。乔羽说：
―
钓鱼可
分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；
第二阶段是吃 鱼和情趣兼而有之；
第三阶段主要是钓趣，面
对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的 身心得到充分休息。
‖

参考译文：
In
his
later
years
(Late
in
his
life),
Qiao
Yu
has
become
enamored
of
fishing
(developed a penchant / special fondness for fishin
g). He asserts: ― Mostly speaking, a place with
water
and
fish
must
necessarily
be
blessed
with
a
nice setting,
which
in
return
keeps
people
in
good
mood.
I
believe
that
the
optimum
fishing
places
are
not
those
commercial
fishing
centers

which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready
capture,
but
those
naturally-
formed
places
in
the
wilderness
which
exert
a
special
appeal.‖
According
to
him,
fishing
can
constitute
an
activity
conducive
to
the
cultivation
of
on
e‘s
temperament and to one‘s health, at once physical and psychological. Qiao Yu claims: ―Fishing
can
be
divided
into
three
stages.
The
first
stage
consists
of
mere
fish-eating;
the
second
a
combination of fish- eating and the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; the third primarily the pleasure
of fishing when, confronted with a pond of clear water, one puts aside all his troubling vexations
and annoyances and enjoys the total relaxation both mentally and physically.‖

01 Version C-E
：
In his declining years Qiao
Yu was fond of angling. He once said, ―The places
where have both water and fishes are generally in nice environment that can put people in good
mood. The best angling place, I think, is not the comfortable angling park where hungry fishes are
prepared, bu
t the appealing natural one.‖ Angling is an exercise that can mould one‘s temperament
and make him sound in body and mind, as Qiao Yu said, ―Fishing can be divided into three phases:
the first is for angling, the second is for angling and interest as well, and the third is mainly for
angling interest. When facing a pool of open green water, one can forget the worries and nuisances
completely and relax himself fully.‖



E-C
原

文：
Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would
have been Thoreau‘s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one‘s perception
of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low
was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but
he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more
important efforts.// Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging
difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends
on
how
high
we
choose
our
difficulties.
Robert
Frost
was
thinking
in
something
like
the
same
terms when he spoke of ―The pleasure of taking pains‖. The mortal flaw in the ad
vertised version
of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.//We demand difficulty even in our games.
We
demand
it
because
without
difficulty
there
can
be
no
game.
A
game
is
a
way
of
making
something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty.
When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win
at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in
winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.
参考译文：
梭罗所理解的< br>―
低层次
‖
，即为了拥有而去拥有，
或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥< br>有。他心目中的
―
高层次
‖
，
则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，
即要使自己对自然界永恒之物的
感悟臻于完美。
对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精 力，
他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。
勿庸置疑，
梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，
但他 在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，
只要可确保他
能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。
//
殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓所在。除非
我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投 入的艰难困苦，
否则便不会有幸福可言。
正如叶芝所言，
除却某些不可能的情形，我们于人生中所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境界中选择我们
所愿意面对的艰难困苦。当罗伯特
?
弗罗斯特言及
―
以苦为乐
‖
时，他内心所思，大体如此。
商业广告中所宣扬的那种幸福观，
其致命的缺陷就在于这样一个事实，
即它宣称，一切幸福
皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。
//
即便于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困 苦。我们之所以需要
它，因为设若没有困难，
便断无游戏可言。游戏即是这样一种方式，为了享 受其中的情趣而
人为地使事情变得不那么轻而易举。
游戏中的种种规则，
便是将困难武 断地强加于人。
当有

人将情趣摧毁殆尽时，
他总是因为拒不按游戏规则行事 而使然。
这犹如下棋；
如果你随心所
欲、
心血来潮地去更改那些全然武断的游 戏规则，
这样去赢棋当然会更加容易。
但下棋的情
趣则在于，应在规则的限定范围内赢 取胜利。一言以蔽之，没有艰难，断无情趣。



2002
年英语专业八级考试
--
翻译部分参考译文

C-E
原

文
:The word ―winner‖ and ―loser‖ have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a
winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds
authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as
a member of a society. // Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine
they
should
be:
rather,
they
are
themselves
and
as
such
do
not
use
their
energy
putting
on
a
performance,
maintaining
pretence,
and
manipulating
others.
They
are
aware
that
there
is
a
difference
between
being
loving
and
acting
loving,
between
being
stupid
and
acting
stupid,
between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a
mask. // Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can
separate
facts
from
o
pinions
and
don‘t
pretend
to
have
all
the
answers.
They
listen
to
others,
evaluate
what
they
say,
but
come
to
their
own
conclusions.
Although
winners
can
adore
and
respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.
Winn
ers
do
not
play
―helpless‖,
nor
do
they
play
the
blaming
game.
Instead,
they
assume
responsibility for their own lives.
参考译文：

成功者不会毕生致力于这样一种概念：即想象自 己应该成为何种人。相反，他
们即他们自己。因此，他们不会费神去装腔作势，故作姿态，摆布他人。他 们明白：爱与装
爱，
傻与装傻，
知与装知、
真正博学与假装博学之间是有区别 的。
成功者无须躲在面具后面。
//
成功者敢于独立思考，敢于运用自己的知识。他们 能够把事实从纷繁的意见中剥离出来，
而又不会假装无所不知。

他们倾听他人的意见 ，品评他人的言论，
却能得出自己的结论。虽然胜利者也钦佩他人，尊
敬他人，但是，他们不会 完全被他人所规定、所摧垮、所束缚，所吓倒。
//
成功者不会假装
无助，也不会怨天 尤人，相反，他们承担起自己生命的责任。



E-C
原

文
:
大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一直并深< br>深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，
酿酒
和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞
和唱歌；往 日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。
这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍
传了下来。
参考译文
(1)
：
The bounty of nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are
strongly
attached
to
her.
This
is
particularly
true
in
the
rural
areas,
where
people have
kept
the
same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed
cows to milk, and weed gardens to grow flowers. They go to church at weekends, and they meet in
the square on holidays, playing the violin, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains the same
as their family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore and thereby social customs go down.
参考译文
(2)
：
The bounty of Nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are
strongly
attached
to
her.
This
is
particularly
true
in
the
rural
areas,
where
people have
kept
the
same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed
cows
to
milk,
and
weed
the
garden
to
grow
flowers.
They
go
to
church
at
weekends,
and
they
meet in the square on holidays, playing the violins, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains