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作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
1970-01-01 08:00
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2021年1月23日发(作者:9030)


stocks
存货,库存量



















































































cash sale
现货

purchase
购买,进货

bulk sale
整批销售,趸售

distribution channels
销售渠道

wholesale
批发

retail trade
零售业

hire-purchase
分期付款购买

fluctuate in line with market conditions
随行就市

unfair competition
不合理竞争

dumping
商品倾销

dumping profit margin
倾销差价,倾销幅度

antidumping
反倾销

customs bond
海关担保

chain debts
三角债

freight forwarder
货运代理

trade consultation
贸易磋商

mediation of dispute
商业纠纷调解

partial shipment
分批装运

restraint of trade
贸易管制

RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements)
区域贸易安排

favorable balance of trade
贸易顺差

unfavorable balance of trade
贸易逆差

special preferences
优惠关税

bonded warehouse
保税仓库

transit trade
转口贸易

tariff barrier
关税壁垒

tax rebate
出口退税

TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade)
技术性贸易壁垒

贸易伙伴术语

trade partner
贸易伙伴

manufacturer
制造商,制造厂

middleman
中间商,经纪人

dealer
经销商

wholesaler
批发商

retailer, tradesman
零售商

merchant
商人,批发商,零售商

concessionaire, licensed dealer
受让人,特许权获得者

consumer
消费者,用户

client, customer
顾客,客户

buyer
买主,买方

carrier
承运人



consignee
收货人



进出口贸易词汇



commerce, trade, trading
贸易



inland trade, home trade, domestic trade
国内贸易



international trade
国际贸易



foreign trade, external trade
对外贸易,外贸



import, importation
进口



importer
进口商



export, exportation
出口



exporter
出口商



import licence
进口许口证



export licence
出口许口证



commercial transaction
买卖,交易



inquiry
询盘



delivery
交货



order
订货



make a complete entry
正式
/
完整申报



bad account
坏帐



Bill of Lading
提单



marine bills of lading
海运提单



shipping order
托运单



blank endorsed
空白背书



endorsed
背书



cargo receipt
承运货物收据



condemned goods
有问题的货物



catalogue
商品目录



customs liquidation
清关



customs clearance
结关


国际贸易英语词汇集锦一



贸易价格术语



trade term / price term
价格术语



world / international market price
国际市场价格



FOB (free on board)
离岸价



C&F (cost and freight)
成本加运费价



CIF (cost, insurance and freight)
到岸价



freight
运费



wharfage
码头费



landing charges
卸货费



customs duty
关税



port dues
港口税



import surcharge
进口附加税



import variable duties
进口差价税



commission
佣金



return commission
回佣,回扣



price including commission
含佣价



net price
净价



wholesale price
批发价



discount / allowance
折扣



retail price
零售价



spot price
现货价格



current price
现行价格
/
时价



indicative price
参考价格



customs valuation
海关估价



price list
价目表



total value
总值



贸易保险术语



All Risks
一切险



W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average)
水渍险



War Risk
战争险



Risk of Intermixture and Contamination
混杂、玷污险



Risk of Leakage
渗漏险



Risk of Odor
串味险



Risk of Rust
锈蚀险



Shortage Risk
短缺险



Strikes Risk
罢工险



贸易机构词汇



WTO (World Trade Organization)
世界贸易组织



IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际货币基金组织



CTG (Council for Trade in Goods)
货币贸易理事会



EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
欧洲自由贸易联盟



AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area)
东盟自由贸易区



JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade)
中美商贸联委




NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area)
北美自由贸易区



UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
联合国
贸易与发展会议



GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
关贸总协定


商务合同英译应注意的问题
(2)


二、慎重处理合同的关键细目



实践证明,英译合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说,不是大的陈述性条
款。而恰 恰是一些关键的细目.比如:金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错,在英译
合同时,常常使用一些有限 定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。



3.1

限定责任



众所周知,
合同中 要明确规定双方的责任。
为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,
常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现 把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。



3.1.1 and/or


常用
and/or
英译合同中
“甲和乙
+
甲或乙”
的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中
的一部分。



9
:如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应
负全责。

The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the
ship and/or cargo on buard.


3.1.2 by and between


常用
by and between
强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履
行合同所赋于的责任。




10
:买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。

This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby
the
Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned
commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.


3.2

限定时间



英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求
是准确无误。所以英译起止 时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。



3.2.1
双介词



用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。




11
;自
9

2O
日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。

Party Ashall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any
account on and after September 20.



12
:我公司的条件是,
3
个月内,即不得晚于
5

1
日,支付现金。

Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.


3.2.2 not(no)later than


用“
not (no) later than +
日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”





13

本合同签字之日一个月内,
即不迟于
12

15
日,
你方须将货物装船。

Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this
Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.


3.2.3 include
的相应形式



常用
include
的相应形式:
inclusive

including

included

来限定含
当日在内的时间。




14
:本证在北京议付,有效期至
1

1
日。

This
credit
expires
till
January
1(inclusive)
for
negotiation
in
Beijing.
(or:This credit expires till and including January 1 for negotiation in
Beijing.)
如果不包括
1

1
日在内,英译为
till and not including January
1




3.3
限定金额



为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改,英译时常用以下措施严格把关。



英译金额须在小写之后,在括号内用大写文字重复该金额,即使原文合同中
没有大写 ,英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“
SAY

,意为“大写”
; 在最后
加上“
ONLY

。意思为“整”
。必须注意:小写与大写的 金额数量要一致。




16
:聘方须每月付给受聘方美元
500
元整。

Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $$ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED
US DOLLARS ONLY).


英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。

$$
”既可代表
“美元”
,又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“£”不仅代 表“英镑”
,又可代表其他某
些地方的货币。



必须注意:当金额用数字书写时,金额数字必须紧
*
货币符号,例如:
Can
$$891,568
,不能写成:
Can $$
891,568
。另外,翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点


.


还是分节号(
,


因 为这两个符号极易引起笔误,稍有疏忽,其后果是不堪设想的。


商务合同英译应注意的问题
(1)


前言



英译商务合同貌似简单,实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体 ,重在
记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。


< br>本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例,从三个方面论述如何
从大处着眼、小处着手 、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。



一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词



商务合同属于法 律性公文,所以英译时,有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是
酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词,就会起 到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅
的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现,这种公文语副同常 被普通词语所代替,从
而影响到译文的质量。



实际上,这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多,而已构词简单易记。常用的这类
副词是由
here

there

where
等副词分别加上

after

by

in

of
on

to

under

upon

with
等副词,构成一体化形式的公
文语副词。例如:



从此以后、今后:
hereafter




此后、以后:
thereafter




在其上:
thereonthereupon




在其下:
thereunder




对于这个:
hereto




对于那个:
whereto




在上文:
hereinabovehereinbefore




在下文:
hereinafterhereinbelow




在上文中、在上一部分中:
thereinbefore




在下文中、在下一部分中:
thereinafter




现用两个实例,说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。




1
:本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。

This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by
the Buyer and the Builder.



2
:下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品,其品牌以此为合适。

The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade
name is more appropriate are made in China.

出席商务会议的常用英语



The following phrases are used to participate in a meeting. These
phrases are useful for expressing your ideas and giving input to a
meeting.


Getting the Chairperson's Attention
引起会议主席的注意



(Mister/Madam) chairman.


May I have a word?


If I may, I think...


Excuse me for interrupting.


May I come in here?


























































































Giving Opinions
表达意见

I'm positive that...
I (really) feel that...
In my opinion...
The way I see things...
If you ask me,... I tend to think that...
Asking for Opinions
询问意见

Are you positive that...
Do you (really) think that...
(name of participant) can we get your input?
How do you feel about...?
Commenting
做出评论

That's interesting .
I never thought about it that way before.
Good point!
I get your point.
I see what you mean.
Agreeing
表示同意

I totally agree with you.
Exactly!
That's (exactly) the way I feel.
I have to agree with (name of participant).
Disagreeing
表示异议

Unfortunately, I see it differently.
Up to a point I agree with you, but...
(I'm afraid) I can't agree
Advising and Suggesting
提出建议

Let's...
We should...
Why don't you....
How/What about...
I suggest/recommend that...
Clarifying
澄清

Let me spell out...
Have I made that clear?
Do you see what I'm getting at?
Let me put this another way...
I'd just like to repeat that...
Requesting Information
请求信息

Please, could you...
I'd like you to...
Would you mind...
I wonder if you could...
Asking for Repetition
请求重复

I'm afraid I didn't understand that. Could you repeat what you just

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