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作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
1970-01-01 08:00
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2021年1月23日发(作者:漂流)


各国禁忌
1
Blowing Your Nose
擤鼻涕




Where It's Offensive: Japan, China, Saudi Arabia, France.
禁忌地:日本、沙特阿拉伯、法国




What's Offensive
禁忌
:

Some cultures find it disgusting to blow your nose in
public--especially at the table. The Japanese and Chinese are
also repelled by the idea of a handkerchief.
有些文化认为当众擤
鼻涕是让人厌恶的行为
——
尤其在餐桌上。日本人还排斥使用手帕。




What You Should Do Instead
对策
:

If traveling through Eastern and Asian countries, leave
the hankies at home and opt for disposable tissues instead. In
France as well as in Eastern countries, if you're dining and
need to clear your nasal passages, excuse yourself and head
to the restroom. Worst-case scenario: make an exaggerated
effort to steer away from the table. Let's hope you don't have a < br>cold.
到东方或亚洲国家旅游时,把手帕留在家中,选择用一次性纸
巾吧!在法国以 及一些东方国家,如果在就餐过程中你需要擤鼻涕,
要先说声

请原谅
再去洗手间。
最糟糕的情景是:
极为夸张地从餐桌
上扭过头去擤鼻涕。还是祈祷自 己不要感冒吧!




Talking Over Dinner
就餐时谈话




Where It's Offensive: Africa, Japan, Thailand, China,
Finland.

禁忌地:非洲、日本、泰国、芬兰




What's Offensive
禁忌
:In some countries, like China,
Japan, and some African nations, the food's the thing, so don't
start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else
is digging into dinner. You'll likely be met with silence--not
because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtimes are
for eating, not talking. Also avoid conversations in places a
country might consider sacred or reflective--churches in
Europe, temples in Thailand, and saunas in Fin land.
在日本和一
些非洲国家,
吃饭就是吃饭,
所以当其他人都在大快朵 颐时,
不要谈
论你当天的经历。
你可能会遭遇沉默
——
这并非你的同 伴不友好,

是因为就餐时间只应吃饭,
无需交谈。
也要避免在一些被认为是 神圣
或需要沉思的地方谈话
——
比如欧洲的教堂、
泰国的庙宇和芬兰的桑拿浴室。




What You Should Do Instead
对策
:

Keep quiet!
保持沉默!




Removing Your Shoes…or Not
脱鞋
......
与否




Where It's Offensive: Hawaii, the South Pacific, Korea,
China, Thailand.

禁忌地:夏威夷、太平洋群岛、韩国、泰国


What's Offensive
禁忌
:

Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a
London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized,
but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia,
Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered
disrespectful. Not only does shoe removal very practically
keeps sand and dirt out of the house, it's a sign of leaving the
outside world behind.



到伦敦人家里参加宴会时脱掉鞋子,< br>女主人会认为你不文明,

去亚洲、
夏威夷或太平洋群岛的居民家中不脱鞋却被 认为失礼。
脱掉
鞋子不仅把沙粒与尘土留在了门外,更意味着把外面的世界抛之脑
后。




What You Should Do Instead
对策
:

If you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your
laces. If not, keep the shoes on.
如果你在门口看到一排鞋子,
就解< br>开自己的鞋带。否则,就穿鞋进去吧!




Knowing Your Right from Your Left
分清左右手




Where It's Offensive: India, Morocco, Africa, the Middle
East.
禁忌地:印度、非洲、中东




What's Offensive
禁忌
:

Many cultures still prefer to eat using traditional
methods--their hands. In these cases, food is often offered
communally, which is why it's important to wash your hands
before eating and observe the right-hand-is- for-eating and the
left-hand-is-for-other- duties rule. If you eat with your left hand,
expect your fellow diners to be mortified. And when partaking
from a communal bowl, stick to a portion that's closest to you.
Do not get greedy and plunge your hand into the center.
许多 文
化依然推崇传统的进食方式
——
用手吃。
在这种情况下,
食物往往 是
众人一起分享的,
因此饭前洗手很重要,
而且要遵守用右手吃东西的
习俗( 左手往往有其他用途)。如果你用左手吃,同伴会感觉蒙受羞
辱。
当大家一起从公共的碗里取食 时,
就吃离你最近的那部分吧,

要贪婪地把手伸向饭碗中央。




What You Should Do Instead
对策
:

Left-handed? Attempt to be ambidextrous--even children
who are left-handed in these cultures are taught to eat with
their right hand--or at least explain yourself to your fellow
diners before plunging in.
你是左撇子吗?还是努力让自己的双手
都灵巧吧
——
在这些文化里,< br>即使是左撇子的孩子也被教会用右手吃

——
或者至少吃饭前向同伴解释一下。




Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain
highly sensitive to native behavior. Never be completely
surprised by anything; try to take it in stride, and don't feel
offended if something seems offensive--like queue jumping.
After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.

旦你踏上异国的土地,
就要对当地人的一举一动高度敏感。< br>千万不要
大惊小怪,
尽量使自己泰然自若,
对一些看似无礼的行为也不要恼火< br>——
比如插队。
毕竟,
我们生活在一个地球村,
不同的文化构成了我< br>们共同的家园。




2
社交禁忌




在英语国家,
拜访某人需事先预约,
忌突然造访。< br>否则,受访者会感到不快,因为这突如其来的拜访打
乱了工作安排,给他造成了极大的不便。约好 的拜访
一般要准时,但习惯上,尤其是宴请或聚会,美国人
习惯晚
3

5
分钟到达,晚
10
分钟也是没有问题的,
这是为了给女主人一点换衣化妆 的时间。





当然,英语国家的人们还有一个最大的 禁忌,那
就是个人的隐私。
在英语中有句谚语:
A man's home is
his castle. (
一个人的家就是他的城堡。
)
意思是:一个人的家是神圣不可侵犯的,未经许可,不得入内。个
人的事也是这样,
不必让别人知道,< br>更不愿别人干预。
询问关于个人的年龄﹑财产﹑工资收入﹑婚姻﹑恋爱
﹑宗教信仰﹑政治 倾向等私事,即是用另一种方式侵
犯了别人的

城堡

。因此诸如< br>“How
old
are
you?”,
“What's your income?”, “How
much did
that dress cost
you?”,
“Are
you
married
or
single?”,
“Are
you
a
Republican
or
a
Democrat?”,
“Are
you
Catholic?”
这类
问题是必须避免问的 。如果实在想知道别人这方面的
情况,可以先谈谈自己的情况,然后再引对方主动谈
出他的情况 。





另外,英语国家有用鲜花送礼的习惯,其中也 有
一些禁忌。首先,送花忌送双数,因为双数的花会招
来厄运。也忌讳送白色的花,如白色百合 花,被看作
是厄运的预兆或死亡的象征。除此之外,给医院的病
人送花忌送白色或红白相间的花 。





2.
节日禁忌





圣诞节是西方的大节日,这个节日的禁忌主要和
圣诞布丁联系 着。不少西方人认为,搅动布丁能使自
己在未来的一年中万事如意。
因此,
在做圣诞布 丁时,
家庭的每个成员都至少要搅动一下布丁,并许下一个
心愿,他们相信这个心愿极有可能实 现。但要注意,
搅动布丁只能按顺时针方向,不能逆时针方向;许下
的心愿不能告诉任何人。< br>




在西方信奉基督教的国家里,大多数人都信奉耶< br>稣被叛徒出卖,被钉死在十字架上而受难的故事。为
了纪念他设立了

耶稣受难 节

,时间是每年复活节前
最临近的那个星期五。西方人一般认为这是一个不吉
祥的日子。在这一天,绝对不能从事与耶稣在十字架
上受难有象征性联系的事情。
如理发﹑给 马钉马蹄铁,
以及一切要钉钉子的木工活。



3.
迷信与禁忌





英美社会中有一些常见的迷信说法和禁忌,
如下:





1) To get out of bed on the wrong side means you
will have a bad day.
下床方向错了,一天都不会顺利。





2) It is unlucky to have a black cat cross the road in
front of you.
看见黑猫在你面前横穿马路是不吉利的。





3)
The
bride
should
not
see
the
husband
on
the
morning before the wedding.
在婚礼举行前的早上,新
娘不应见自己的丈夫。





4)
Cattle
lying
down
indicate
rain.
牛躺下预示有
雨。





5) A cricket in the house is good luck.
屋里有蟋蟀
会带来好运。





6) To pass under a ladder brings bad luck.
从梯子
下面走过会带来厄运。

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