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英语中常见的十大逻辑关系及其标志词
(1)
转折关系
but, however, yet(
然而
), on the contrary, contrary to, contrarily, by(in) contrast (to), whereas,
rather than, instead of, unlike, in fact(effect), actually
弱转
, conversely
(2)
让步关系
although,
much
as,
though,
even
though(if),
even,
despite,
in
spite
of,
nevertheless,
anyhow(anyway), as, while
(虽然、尽管、即使)
, still
(尽管如此)
(3)
总结关系
in sum
,
in general, overall, to sum up
,
on the whole, generally
(4)
举例
for example
、
for instance
、
such as
、
including
(5)
因果关系
Because
;
in that
+句子
表原因
due to
;
thanks to
;
owing to
+名词
表原因;
since
;
now that
;
ever since
+句子
表
原因
because of
;
on account of
;
in response to
+名词
表原因;
lead to
;
contribute to
;
result
in
+名词
(前因后果)
so that
;
such that
;
in order that
+句子
(
强调目的、结果的因果
)
in view of
;
in the light of
;
by virtue of
+名词
鉴于、由于
put down to
;
ascribe to
;
attribute to
;
owe to
+名词
归因于
so
;
thus
;
hence
;
therefore
;
consequently (as a consequence/ as a result)
+句子
(因
此)
for, as, as a result of, with
(由于,由于某种条件或原因的存在出现了某种结果)
(6)
递进关系
still
、
also
、
indeed
、
furthermore
(进一步)
、
moreo ver
(而且、此外)
、
highlighting
(突出、
强调)
、
even
(甚至、
更)
、
besides(
注意 区分
except), additionally
, in addition
, what
’
s more
(7)
条件关系
if,
provided/providing
that,
suppose,
supposing,
in
case
(of),
in
the
event
of,
assume,
presumably, so long as, unless, only if, when
(8)
并列关系
and
(和)
、
as well as
(也)
、
l ikewise
(同样的)
、
while
(与此同时)
、
s imilarly
(类似
地)
、
or
(或者)
、
s imultaneously
(同时发生地)
、
meanwhile
(同时< br>
)
、
in the meantime
、
neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also
、
more…than
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