2021年1月23日发(作者：宪兵)
英语关联词

—
并列连词

1

并列连词

在句子中不做成分
,
仅表示前后
关系
.

1.
用于连接彼此互补依存的对等的成分
.

1)
连接语词
:slow but safe/ either this

week or next week

2)
连接分句
:I went and she also.

2.
可分别表示下列关系
.

1)
转折
:but, yet, however, neverthe-

less

2)
因果
:so, for, therefore

3)
选择
:or, either…or, neither…nor


英语关联词

—
并列连接词

2

4)
并列和递进
:and,both…and, as well as

not only…but (also)

英语关联词

—
关联词


关联词

用于引导从句
.

1.
名词从句
: He doesn't know what she is.
2.
副词从句
:If he comes, I'll give it

to you.

3.
形容词从句
:He's the best student I've

ever taught.

英语关联词

—
连接词

1

关联词的类别及所表示的关系

要特别注意
关联词在从句中
(
及某些连接词在短语中
)
所
担当的成分
,
这是正确使用关连词的关 键
.

1.
连接词
:
引导名词从句
,
在从句中不做成分
.
1) that(
无含义
):

I said that he was wrong.

2) whether(if)(
表示不确定性或选择关系
):

I don't know whether it is correct.

英语关联词

—
连接词

2


2.
连接代词


1)
引导名词从句
,
在 从句中做主语
,
宾语
,
表语
和


定语
.

A. who/which
作主语
(
口语
who
中可做宾
语
,

但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词
):

I asked him who came into the

room./ I asked him who(m) he saw

whom/which
做宾语
:

Ask him which he wants.

英语关联词

—
关联词

3

C. whose
做宾语
(=whose thing(s)) /
定


语
:

I wonder whose house that is.

D. what
做上面提及的各种成分
:

I don't know what I should do.

What can be done

2)
与不定式连用
,
在其中多做主语和宾语
.

We can't decide whom to invite.

We must decide what to do.

I couldn't decide which to choose.

英语关联词

—
关联词

4

3.
连接副词

引导名词从句或与不定式连用
,
在从句


中做状语
.

1) how: That's how I look at it.

2) where: I don't know where he lives.

3) when: Tell me when to use the tool.

4) why: I'll tell you why you have to

do it.

英语关联词

—
关系词

1

4.
关系代词


1) who
表示人
,
在从句中做主语和表语
(
口
语


who
中可做宾语
,
但其前面不可有与其配合
使用


的介词
):

The man who spoke is my teacher.

I don't know who he is.

The man who I saw told me that.

2) whom
表示人
,
在从句中做宾语和表语
:

The man whom I saw told me that.

英语关联词

—
关系词

2

3) whose
表示

某人
/
物的

表示



某物的

在从句中做定语
:

That's the man whose son is my

pupil.

The room whose window faces south

is her bedroom.

The room of which the window faces



south is her bedroom.

英语关联词

—
关系词

3

4) which
表示物
,
在从句中做主语和表语
:

I like the picture which was taken

in front of the main building.

5) that
表示人
/
物
,
在从句中做主语和宾语
;
注


意下列关于
that
作为关系代词的用法
.

A.
现行词前有最高级形容词修饰时
:

This is the best film that I've

ever seen.

英语关联词

—
关系词

4

B.
先行词是下列词语或为其所修饰修饰时
:
the first, the last, the only, the

same, the very, all, any, no,

every.

This is the last chance that you

have.

You are the only friend that I

have.

He told me all that he knew.

英语关联词

—
关系词

5

C.
先行词是下列不定代词或为其所修饰修
饰时
:

much, little, none, everything/body,

nothing, nobody.

There's nothing in the world that

can frighten him.

D.
以
Wh o/Which
开始的句子
,
其后的定语
从句中


的关系代词不使用
who/which,
而代之以
that.

Who that knows him would trust him

Which of these buses is the one

that goes to London

英语关联词

—
关系词

6

E.
人和事物
/
动物同为先行词时
:

The man and the horse that fell

into the river were drowned.

6)
关系代词做介词宾语
.

A.
一般介词可放在
whom/which
的前面或其
所


在的从句的句尾
,
关系代词为
that
时
,只可


放在其所在的从句的句尾
.

Is this the car for which you

paid a high price

英语关联词

—
关系词

7

Is this the car which you paid

a high price for

Is this the car that you paid a

high price for

Is this the car you paid a high

price for

B.
介词
during, except
以及表示
(
从整体中
)

分割

出部分
)
的介词
of
等介词要放在关


系代词的前面
:

英语关联词

—
关系词

8

The years during which he was away

were long years to her.

He wrote many books, some of which

C.
其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的
介词必


须放在其动词之后
,
不可放在关系代词之前
:
This is the book which he has been

looking for.

7)
关系代词的省略
.

A.
关系代词作宾语时
:

The girl I work with is coming.

英语关联词

—
关系词

9


在定语从句中做表语时
:

He is not the man that he was

when I saw him first.

He is not the man he was when I

saw him first.

5.
关系副词

在定语从句中均做状语
.

1)where
地点
:

That's one point where I'd like

your advice.

英语关联词

—
关系词

10

2) when
时间
:

At the time when I saw him, he was

ill.

3) why
原因
:

That is the reason why I came so