2021年1月23日发(作者：slowness)
M7U1

The evolution of video and sound devices
Part I

Fill in the blanks and pay attention to the words or phrases underlined.
Early history of TV
The
first
public
TV
broadcasts
1.________(make)in
the
USA
in
1925.
Later,
in
1928,
the
first
long-distance

TV
broadcast
was
made
between
the
UK
2._____
the
USA.
Regular
public
broadcasting followed 3._________(short)
afterwards,
first beginning on 11 May 1928 in New
York and on 20 August 1929 in London.
Many different people
contributed
4.______ the development of TV. Most early TV broadcasts
were made using a system 5.__________(develop) by John Logie Baird in the UK. However, his
system
was
very
primitive

and
had
many
drawbacks
.
An
American,
Philo
Farnsworth,
made
important
breakthroughs
in the development of TV
in the late 1920s
and early 1930s. Modern
TVs use many of the 6._________(principle) first discovered by Farnsworth.
John Logie Baird
constructed
the first colour TV in 1928, 7._____
it was not until 1938 that
the
first color TV programme was broadcast. It took more than
two decades,
though, until 1951, for
regular
color
TV
broadcasts
8.________(begin)
in
the
USA. Regular
color
TV
broadcasts
were
delayed

in
the
UK
until
1967.
9.________,
within
a
short
time,
nearly
all
TV
broadcasts
were
made in color, and within five years more color TVs 10.______ black-and-white TVs were being
used.
The modern age: satellite TV
Satellites were used 1.___________(broadcast) TV beginning in 1962. Satellites allow TV to be
broadcast
live

over
vast distances,
with everyone receiving
the same broadcast 2._____ the same
time. They also make TV3.____________(access)to people who live
far away from
cities, and
satellite
dishes
can
often
be
seen
distributed
throughout
the
countryside
and
remote

areas.
Of
course,
only
a
small

percentage
of
people
own
satellite
dishes.

However,
most
people
still
benefit
4._______ satellite TV, as local TV companies broadcast the signals they get from satellite
receivers to the population 5._________(live) nearby.
Early history of sound recorders
It
all
began
in
1877,
6._____Thomas
Edison
made
the
first
recording
of
a
human
voice
on
his
invention, the record player. Early record players used round tubes to record on. However, in 1887,
Emile Berliner, 7.______ German living in the USA, invented a record player 8.______ used discs
as
alternatives
to tubes, and so the modern record player was born. The first record players had to
9._________(wind)up
by
hand
and
only
played
records
that
were
two
minutes
long.
Times
10._______(sure) have changed!
Sound and video recorders
In 1928, the first tape recorders used to copy sound were made in Germany. Most early recorders
employed
steel
tape
to
record
on,
1._____made
them
heavy
and
difficult
to
use,
or
paper
tape,
which
was
easier
to
use
but
often
broke.
It
was
not
until
the
early
1950s2.______
most
tape
recorders
began
using

plastic
tapes

as
they
do
today.
Meanwhile
,
electrical
components

3.__________(eventual)became
so
small
that,
by
the
late
1960,
portable

cassette
players
were
developed,
along
4.______ video recorders which were used by TV stations. By the late 1970s,
video recorders small and cheap enough for home use were introduced.
Sound and video go digital
In
1982,
the
first
CDs
were
made
available
.
CDs
are
often
used
for
storing
and
playing
music
because
they
have
a
much
5._________(good)
sound
quality
than
traditional

records
and
cassettes. In 1993, the VCD was born, and in 1995, the DVD 6._________(invent). The DVD is
now the
standard
for recording and playing back video.
The future
7.
______ the development of digital technology, sound and video can now be stored on a PC, on
the
internet,
or using
some form
of
portable
8._________(store).
This
will
soon make
records,
cassette
recorders,
CDs,
DVDs
and
even
TVs
things
of
the
past.
Technology
now
9._____________(change)
faster
than
most
people
can
keep
pace
with.
Who
can

foresee

10._______ the future will bring?

M7U1

影像和声音设备的发展

电视的早期历史

无线电视传输节目于
1925
年在美国首次公开播 出。
随后在
1928
年，
英美两
国之间第一次实现了远距离电视播送 。
之后不久便开始定期向公众播放，
在纽约
的开播时间是
1928
年
5
月
11
日，在伦敦的开播时间是
1929
年
8< br>月
20
日。

很多不同的人对电视的发展做出了贡献。
早期电 视大多使用有英国人约翰洛
吉贝尔德开发的系统。然而，他的系统非常原始，有许多缺点。
20
世纪
20
年代
末和
30
年代初，美国人斐洛法恩斯沃斯在电 视的研发上取得了重大突破。现代
电视机使用了许多由法恩斯沃斯首先发现的原理。

约翰洛吉贝尔德于
1928
年制造出第一台彩色电视机，
但直到
1938年第一个
彩色电视节目才播出。彩色电视节目到
1951
年才得以在美国定期播出 ，其间经
历了二十多年的时间。
在英国，
定期的彩色电视节目的播出一直延迟至
1967
年。
然而，在短时间内，几乎所有的电视节目都被制作成了彩色的，不出五年，彩色
电视机的使用率就超过了黑白电视机。

当代：卫星电视

卫星用于 播送电视节目始于
1962
年。
卫星让远距离直播电视节目成为可能，
大家在 同一时间可以收到相同的电视节目。
它们也使远离城市的人们可以收看电
视，
在农村和 边远地区经常可以看到卫星天线。
当然，
只有一小部分人拥有自己
的卫星天线。
然而，
大多数人仍然受益于卫星电视，
因为当地的电视公司把从卫
星接收器接收到的 信号传送给附近的居民。

录音机的早期历史

一切始于
1877< br>年，这一年托马斯爱迪生用他发明的留声机第一次录制了人
的声音。早期的录音机是使用圆管记录 声音的。然而，在
1887
年，一位侨居美
国的德国人埃米尔贝利纳发明了使用唱片来 代替圆管的留声机，
这样现代录音机
就诞生了。
最早的留声机必须手摇上发条，
而且只能播放两分钟长的录音。
时代
确实已经改变！

录音机和录像机

1928
年，第一批磁带录音机在德国制造出来。大多数最 早的录音机用钢质
磁带或者纸质磁带录音。
钢质磁带很沉，
使用起来困难；
纸 质磁带用起来虽方便，
但常常破损。
直到
20
世纪
50
年代 初，
大多数录音机才开始使用塑料磁带，
就跟
现在一样。同时，电器元件最终变得很小 ，到
60
年代后期，便携式录音机被研
制出来，
电视台使用的录像机也随之出 现。
到了
20
世纪
70
年代末，
足够小巧而
价廉的 家用录像机被采用。

声音和视频数字化

1982
年，最早的CD
光盘出现了。它们通常用来存储和播放音乐，其音质
远远胜过任何传统的唱片和卡带录 音机。
1993
年
VCD
诞生，
1995
年
DVD
问世。
目前，
DVD
是标准的视频录制和回放设备。

未来展望

随着数字技术的发展，声音和视频现在可以储存在个人电脑上、互联网上，
或使用某种形式的便携式储存设备储存。这将很快使唱片、卡带录音机、
CD
、
DVD
甚至电视成为过去。技术变革快得大多数人难以跟上。谁能预见未来会带
来什么呢?