2021年1月23日发(作者：累计)
The First McDonald's Restaurant






Even
though
the
first
McDonald's
restaurant
sold
only
hamburgers
and
French
fries, it still became a cultural symbol. Now, in
the Southern California city of Downey, people
are
trying
to
save
the
first
McDonald's
restaurant
in
ld's,
though,
says
the building should be torn down.






Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey,
California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches
in
America,
and
has
the
earliest
McDonald's
building design.






Many
people
have
good
memories
of
that
old
McDonald'
people
are
angry
that
the
building
is
now
in
danger
of
being
destroyed, along with their memories.






McDonald's
explains
that
the
building
was damaged in an earthquake, and therefore
needs
to
be
torn
down.
Many
people
in
the
town
of
Downey
don't
agree
with
this
line
of
thinking, though.






One
woman
says,

think
it's
terrible.
They
are
using
the
earthquake
as
an
excuse.
It's a big lie.






Another
Downey
resident
remarks,

am
so
upset.
They
don't
respect
the
public
at
all.
They
haven't
even
tried.
They
could
do
some
small
repairs
and
make
it
a
good
restaurant again.






McDonald's
managers
say
the
restaurant
is
losing
money
at
that
location.
There
is
no
room
for
a
drive-thru
window,
or
for
seating

the
earthquake,
they
say it was impossible to managers want
to
build
a
copy
of
this
building
at
another
location instead.






Building inspectors, on the other hand,
say that the structure can be repaired, but that
it
will
be
expensive.
Many
people
say
that
McDonald's
can
certainly
afford
to
pay
that

think
that
McDonald's
real
reason
for
wanting
to
close
down
the
restaurant has nothing to do with money.






Modern
McDonald's
restaurants
often
第一家麦当劳餐馆

虽说第 一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，
它还是成为了一种文化象征。如今，在加州
南部唐尼市，人 们正努力保住历史上第一家
麦当劳餐馆。然而，麦当劳却称这幢房子应
该拆掉。



坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于
1953
年，
是
美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最
久的，
它的设计也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。
许多人对那家老餐馆有着美好的回忆。这些
人想到餐馆连同他们美好的回忆一起将被摧< br>毁，感到很气愤。


麦当劳方面解释说，那家老店在一次地
震中遭到 损坏，因此必须拆掉。不过，唐尼
的许多人却不同意这种说法。


有位女士 说：
“我认为这件事太可怕了。
他
们在利用那次地震作借口。这是一个极大的
谎言。


另一位唐尼市居民说：
“我非常难过。他们
一点也不尊重 公众的意见，甚至都没试着这
样做。他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一家
好餐馆。
”< br>

麦当劳的经理们说餐馆设在那个位置一直
在亏本。那儿没有地方可以开辟“ 免下车外
卖窗口”
，
里面也没有地方安排座位。
他们说，
那次地震后 这个餐馆就没办法修了。不过那
些经理们想在其他位置按原餐馆再仿造一
家。


但是房屋检修人员说该建筑是可以修理
的，不过费用很高。许多人说这个费用麦当< br>劳当然承受得起。有人认为麦当劳想关闭这
家餐馆的真正原因与金钱无关。




现代的麦当劳餐馆常常有一个牌子，声
称有个叫雷·
克罗克的男 人于
1955
年在伊利
have
a
sign
claiming
that
a
man
named
Ray
Kroc opened the first McDonald's restaurant in
Illinois in 1955. The truth, however, is that Mr.
Kroc
actually
learned
the
fast
food
business
from Dick and Mac McDonald in ,
Mr.
Kroc
bought
their
,
many
people in Downey think McDonald's is trying to
change
history,
though
the
company
denies
this.






To
local
historians,
this
explanation
makes
total
sense.
One
historian
said,

should
not
rewrite
the
past.
Ray
Kroc
did
not
invent
McDonald's.
The
McDonald
brothers
did.






These
days,
a
group
of
historians
want
the
building
to
be
added
to
the
National
Register
of
Historic
Places
so
that
the
city
of
Downey will be able to stop McDonald's from
tearing
the
building
down.
The
McDonald's
managers are very angry, and have abandoned
the structure.






Everyone
hopes
that
the
McDonald's
managers and the people of Downey will soon
find
peace.
The
building
is
still
there,
but
boards
cover
the

so,
people
drive by to remember their McDonald's, taking
pictures of a moment in history before
it gets
taken away.

Our Changing Lifestyle: Trends and Fads






These
days,
lifestyles
have
a
tendency
to change so fast. It is more than just clothing
and
hairstyles
that
are
in
style
one
year
and
out of date the next; it's a whole way of living.





One
year,
people
wear
hats
and
blue
jeans;
they
drink
white
wine
and
eat
at
Japanese
restaurants;
for
exercise
they
run
several
miles
a

next
year,
however,
everything
has
changed:women
wear
long
skirts;
people
drink
expensive
water
from
France, and eat at Italian restaurants; everyone
seems to be exercising at health clubs.





Almost nothing in modern life gets away
from
the
influence
of
fashion:
food,
music,
诺伊州创办了首家麦当劳餐馆。
然而事实是，< br>克罗克先生的快餐生意实际上是从唐尼市的
迪克·麦当劳和麦克·麦当劳那里学来的。
后 来克罗克先生买下了他们的餐馆。因此，
尽管公司竭力否认，唐尼镇的许多人还是认
为麦当劳是 想篡改历史。



在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有
道理。有 位历史学家说：
“历史不容篡改。
雷·克罗克没有创建麦当劳。创建麦当劳的
是麦氏兄 弟。
”


这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建
筑列入国家历史文 物保护单位名册，这样，
唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。麦当劳的经
理们非常恼火，因而将房屋 弃置一旁。




人人都希望麦当劳经理们与唐尼的居民很快达成一致。房子仍在，但窗子用木板封了起
来。即便如此，人们仍开车前来纪念他们的
麦当 劳，想抢在它被拆除前拍照留念，留下
历史上的珍贵

我们不断变化的生活方式：潮流和时尚

如今，生活方式有种迅速变化的趋势。
迅速变化的不仅仅只是一年流行而第二年就
过时的服饰和发型，而是整个生活方式。


曾几何时，人们戴帽子，穿牛仔裤，喝
白葡萄酒，到日本餐馆就餐，每天跑几英里< br>健身。但到了第二年，所有这一切都变了：
妇女们穿长裙，人们喝昂贵的法国进口水，
到 意大利餐馆就餐，似乎每个人都在健身俱
乐部里锻炼身体。



现 代生活中几乎没有什么能逃过时尚的影
响：食品、音乐、运动、书籍、语言、电影、
exerc ise,
books,
languages,
movies,
furniture,
and
even
names
go
in
and
out
of

interests
that
people
follow
can
change
very
quickly.





In the United States, even people can be

or

Americans
enjoy
following
the
lives
of
famous
people:
actors,
sports
heroes,
well-known artists, politicians, and the
Americans also pay a lot of attention to people
who have no special ability at all. In 1981, for
example,
an
unknown
elderly
woman
appeared
in
a
TV
advertisement
in
which
she
looked
at
a
very
small
hamburger
and
complained loudly,
three
words
made
her
famous.
Suddenly
she
appeared
in
magazines
and
newspapers,
and
on TV was immediately popular. She
was

this
kind
of
fame
does
not
last

people
are
famous
for
a
very
short time
—
they are fads.






What causes such fads to come and go?
Although
clothing
designers
influence
fads
in
fashion because they want to make money, this
desire for money doesn't explain fads in other
areas,
such
as
language.
For
example,
why
have
teenagers
in
the
past
twenty-five
years
used
—
at different times
—
the words groovy or
awesome
in
conversation
instead
of
simply
saying
wonderful?
According
to
an
expert
in
popular
culture,
people
who
follow
fads
are
not foolish or vain; they simply want to be part
of something new and creative.






Fads
are
not
limited
to
the
United
States,
however.
Fads
are
common
in
any
country that has a strong economy (e.g. Britain,
Japan,
and
Germany).However,
in
the
United
States,
there
is
an
additional
reason
for
fads:
most Americans seem to feel that something is
wrong
if
there
isn't
frequent
change
in
their
lives.






It's
sometimes
difficult
to
see
the
difference
between
a
fad
and
a
trend.A
fad
lasts
a
very
short
time
and
is
not
very
important.
A
social
trend,
however,
survives
a
家具，甚至名字都会经历时髦或者过时的过
程。人们追随的兴趣爱好会很快地改变。



在美国，甚至人也可以变得时尚或者过
时。
美国人喜欢追随名人 的生活方式：
演员、
体育明星、著名艺人、政治家等。但是美国
人也十分注意一点特殊 才能都没有的人。比
如，
1981
年，一位名不见经传的老妇人出现
在一个电 视广告里，她看着一只很小的汉堡
包，大声抱怨道：
“牛肉呢？”这三个字使她
成了名 。一时之间，她在杂志、报纸和电视
上频频亮相，一下子大受欢迎，成了时尚。
但是，这种名声 并不持久。这种人只是在很
短的一段时间里为众人所知——他们只是时
尚。





是什么使这种时尚来得快也去得快？尽管时
装设计师影响时装 潮流为的是赚钱，但这种
赚钱的欲望并不能解释其他方面的时尚，例
如语言。
比如，< br>为什么青少年在过去
25
年里
的不同时代中，谈话时使用“
groov y
（帅呆
了）
”或者“
awesome
（太棒了）
”这样的 词，
而不只说
“
wonderful
（
好极了）
”
了呢？据一
位流行文化专家说，追随时尚的人并不是愚
蠢或爱慕虚荣；他们只是想成为富有创造 性
的新事物的一部分。



不过，时尚并不只是美国才有。任何经
济强国（如英国、日本、德国）都有时尚。
但是，在美国，时尚发生另有原因：大多数
美国人似乎觉得，如果他们的生活没有发生
频繁的变化，那一定有什么地方不对劲了。




有时候很难区别时尚和潮流。时尚持续时间
很短，也不太重要 。但是一种社会潮流能长
时间存在，
并且真正成为现代文化的一部分。
比如说，使用个 人电脑是一种潮流，而使用