2021年1月23日发(作者：厨房英语)
六年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1
故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。

这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如
Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus
等

2
小学的说明
,
科普类短文都十分浅显
,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的
,
如
,Time, the Spring
Festival .
等
,
即使文章较长
,
问题也十分明显 ，从文中都能找到答案
.

同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案
.

is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(
肥皂
).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know
w
hat you ate for breakfast this morning.”

“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(
前天
)!”

( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.

(
)(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?


A. It’s “
脏的
“. B It’s “
干净的
”

C It’s “
坏的

“ D It’s “
好的
”

(
)(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?

A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread

( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?


A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.

B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.


C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.


D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.

（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：



（
1
）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的
信 息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往
点明文章主题或作 者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻
找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段 主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文
章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。



（
2
）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出 可能包含所需信息的部分，
然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间 、什么地
点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。



（
3
）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义
互释法。



（
4
）判断推理法：有时
4
个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题
是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作 者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文
章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解 文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待 人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得 出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按

总
-
分
-< br>总

这一思路来写的。因此，研
读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容， 还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。

３、略读选答 ，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对 性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或 两个与常识
或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。

5
、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量 根据上下文悟出其义，
解题时要

带着问题读查短文

分析判断，整题解 完后要认真复查。

6
、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章， 有的先看文章再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清 楚题目是
概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。

（四）、判断正误。


对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，
学生不懂 判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实
上判断试题与选择、填空 的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，
在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否 与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。
试题：
Mary
is
sick,
Mother
takes
her
to
the
doctor.
首先在试题中寻找关键词：
Mary
，
sick,
Mother< br>，
doctor.
带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所 以
我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：
Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.”
“Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”
此题与文中
not sick
信息
不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：
The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.
由于是
最后 一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之
后，同样带着关键词
shot
寻找。文中
Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.
试题中：
not
hurt at all
与
not hurt much
不相符，所以错误。




二、阅读理解

2
．
阅读理解阅读短文，选择正确的一项。


Dear Jim,

How are you in the US now? We are in China now. Sam and I are very happy. China is big and
beautiful. People speak Chinese here. We love Beijing. There are many interesting places and lots
of delicious food. I like Chinese food. I like dumplings very much. I can make dumplings now. It's
funny. And I can use chopsticks, but Sam doesn't like them. It's very difficult for him to use them.
I have two good friends. They're Daming and Lingling. They teach me Chinese. Now I can speak a
little Chinese. Please write to me.

Love from,

Amy

（
1
）
Jim is in ________ now.

A. the US
B. England
C. Canada
D. China

（
2
）
Sam doesn't like ________.

A. dumplings B. Beijing C. chopsticks D. Chinese food

（
3
）
Daming is Amy's ________.

A. brother B. teacher C. friend D. classmate

（
4
）
________ can speak a little Chinese.

A. Lingling
B. Sam
C. Amy
D. Daming

（
5
）
This is a letter from ________ to ________.

A. Amy; Jim B. Jim; Amy C. Amy; Sam D. Amy; Daming

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
C

（
5
）
A

【考点】
阅读理解


【解析】
【分析】大意：短文讲述了艾米给吉姆的一封信。


（
1
）根据
How are you in the US now?
可知吉姆在美国，故答案为
A.


（
2
）根据
And I can use chopsticks, but Sam doesn't like them.
可知山姆不喜欢筷子，故答案
为
C.


（
3
）根据
I have two good friends. They're Daming and Lingling.
可知大名是艾米的朋友，故
答案为
C.


（
4
）根据
Now I can speak a little Chinese.
可知艾米可以说一点中文，故答案为
C.


（
5
）根据
Dear Jim,
可知艾米给吉姆的信件，故答案为
A.


【点评】本题考查了阅读 理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句进行选择。




3
．
阅读理解阅读理解


Hans Christian Andersen
（
1805
﹣
1875
）
was the most famous writer in Denmark. His stories
have attracted many young readers around the world.

Andersen's father was a poor shoe-maker. As he was very young, Hans was spoilt by his parents
and
his
grandmother.
But
when
he
was
11years
old,
his
father
died
and
the
boy
had
to
leave
school.
His
mother
made
a
living
by
washing
clothes,
while
Hans
spent
a
great
deal
of
time
making theatre toys and puppets. He reads as many books as he could.

Andersen published his first tale in 1835, and continued writing until he died. Andersen's words
are
simple
and
humor.
The
stories
became
popular
in
the
early
1840's,
and
made
Andersen
famous
more
and
more.
Among
the
best
known
of
his
fairy
tales
are
The
Ugly
Duckling,
The
Emperor's New Clothes, A Little Match Girl and so on.

（
1
）
Hans Christian Andersen was a famous .

A. writer B. worker C. scientist

（
2
）
Andersen's father was a .

A. worker B. shoe-maker C. clothes-maker

（
3
）
Andersen published his first tale.

A. In the early 1840's B. In 1875 C. In 1835

（
4
）
Andersen's words are .

A. beautiful
B. interesting
C. simple

（
5
）


A.
一个小火柴女孩
B.
卖火柴的小女孩
C.
点火柴的女孩

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
C

（
5
）
B

【考点】
阅读理解


【解析】
【分析】大意：短文讲述了丹麦最著名的作家安徒生。


（
1
）根据
Hans Christian Andersen
（
1805
﹣
1875
）
was the most famous writer in Denmark.
可知安徒生是一位著名的作家，故答案为
A.


（
2
）根据
Andersen's father was a poor shoe-maker.
可知安徒生的父亲是一个贫穷的鞋的制
造商，故答案为
B.


（
3
）根据
Andersen published his first tale in 1835, and continued writing until he died.
可知
835
年安徒生出版了他的第一部小说，故答案为
C.


（
4
）根据
Andersen's words are simple and humor.
可知安徒生的话很简单，故答案为
C.


（
5
）
A Little Match Girl
汉语是卖火柴的小女孩

，故答案为
B.


【点 评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句进行选择 。




4
．
阅读理解阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。


Today is Saturday. It's a nice day. John and Jim go to a nature park. There is a big forest in the
park. There is a beautiful lake near the forest and they can see some fish in it. There is a bridge
over the river. They take some pictures on the bridge. There is a mountain in the park. They want
to climb mountains, but they have no time.

（
1
）
John and Jim go to a nature ________today.

（
2
）
There is a beautiful lake ________the forest in the park.

（
3
）
John and Jim see some fish ________ the lake.

（
4
）
John and Jim take pictures on the ________.

（
5
）
They want to ________ mountains, but they have no time.

【答案】

（
1
）
park

（
2
）
near

（
3
）
in

（
4
）
bridge

（
5
）
climb

【考点】
阅读理解


【解析】
【分析】这是介绍< br>John
和
Jim
去自然公园的情况。



（
1
）根据短文叙述
John and Jim go to a nature park.
（
John
和
Jim
去了自然公园。 ）可知
应填
park
。故答案为：
park
。


（
2
）根据短文叙述

There
is
a
beautiful
lake
near
the
forest
and
they
can
see
some
fish
in
it.
（在森林旁边有一个美丽的湖，他们可以看到里面有一些鱼。）可知 应填
near
。故答案
为：
near
。


（
3
）根据短文叙述

There
is
a
beautiful
lake
near
the
forest
and
they
can
see
some
fish
in
it.
（在森林旁边有一个美丽的湖，他们可以看到里面有一些鱼。）可知 应填
fish
。故答案
为：
fish
。


（
4
）根据短文叙述
They take some pictures on the bridge.
（他们在桥上拍了一些照片。）
可知应填
bridg e
。故答案为：
bridge
。


（
5
）根据短文叙述
They want to climb mountains, but they have no time.
（他们想要爬山，
但是他们没有时间。）可知应填
climb
。故答案为：
climb
。


【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文叙述来补全句子。








5
．
阅读理解阅读理解


I'm Larry. I was born on August 12, 1994. I go to Park Avenue School. I'm in Grade 6. I have a
pet. She is smart and cute. My favourite season is summer. In summer, I can wear a T-shirt and
shorts.
I
was
very
excited
to
win
a
prize
for
playing
the
violin.
My
parents
were
proud
of
me.
When I am older, I want to be a computer programmer or an English teacher.

（
1
）
What grade is Larry in?

（
2
）
What is Larry's pet like?