2021年1月23日发(作者：饲养)
（三）图表作文

图表：
表格
（
Table
）
,
圆形图
（
Pie chart
）
,
曲
线图（
Line graph
）和条形图（
Bar graph
）
。

图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表
中所反 映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对
某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说
明，并提出结 论或看法。因此，图表作文常常
采用议论文体的写作方法。


图表作文的写作步骤


写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：


1
）
认真分析图表的含义，
弄清图表中所含的信
息及不同 信息间的关系；


2
）
确定文章的主题思想，
构思出文章 的基本框
架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；


3
）编列文章的提纲；


4
）
根据文章的提纲，
将各段的提纲内容扩展成
段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段
之间的衔接与过 渡；


5
）检查与修改。

图表作文的一种篇章结构

写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文
章的 第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什
么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二
段分析造 成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则
展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建
议。这一结构可 以简单地表述为：



第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想



第二段：分析产生的原因



第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议

图表作文常用的句型

(1)
常用的开篇句型

①
According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar
graph, we can see that …

根据该表
/
图，我们可知

……

②
The table/graph reveals
shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out)
that …

该表
/
图表明
……

③

As we can see from the table …


As can
be seen from the line/bar graph …


As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie
chart …


如表
/
图所示，
……


(2)
描述增减变化常用的句型

①

Compared with … is still increased by …

②

The number of … grew/rose from … to …

③

In … the n
umber remains the same/drops to
…

④

There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual)
rise/increase in 1990.
⑤
There was a very steady
(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic) drop
(decrease/decline/fall/reduction) in 1998/
compared with that of last year).

Directions:
For
this
part,
you
are
allowed
30
minutes
to
write
a
composition
of
no
less
than
100 words on
Income Sources between Chinese
and
American
Students
.
Study
the
following
table
carefully
and
your
composition
must
be
based on the information given in the table. Write
three paragraphs to:
1. Describe the differences of the income sources
between Chinese and American students.
2. Analyze possible reasons for these differences.
3. Predicate future tendency.

Source of
Parents
Part-time
Fellowship or
Income

job
Scholarship
Percentage of

Total Income
American
50%
35%
15%
Students
Chinese
90%
5%
5%
Students

Income Sources Between Chinese Students and
American Students

Income sources of Chinese students are
quite different from those of American students.
In China, students get 90% of their money from
their parents while in America only 50% of
students’ money is provided by parents. In
addition, Chinese students earn only 5% of their
money from part-time jobs and 5% from
fellowship or scholarship while income from
these two resources for American students takes
up 35% and 15% respectively of their total
income.

I think that there are probably three reasons
for
their
differences.
First
,
because
of
the
influence
of
different
social
and
family
values,
Chinese students have formed the habit of asking
for
money
from
their
parents
while
American
students
have
developed
more
sense
of
being
financially
independent.
Second
,
most
Chinese
parents
devote
too
much
care
to
their
children
and
they
would
rather
save
up
to
afford
their
children’s
education
rather
tha
n
encourage
them
to take part-time jobs. In America, many parents
pay
more
attention
to
developing
the
students’
ability
of
self- reliance,
so
they
encourage
their
children
to
find
part-time
jobs
to
earn
some
money
by
themselves.
Third
,
since
America
is
more
developed
than
China,
it
is
relatively
easy
for students to find part-time jobs. In China, such
opportunities are rather rare.

I
believe

with
the
development
of
China,
more and more Chinese students will realize and
pay
more
attention
to
the
necessity
of
self-dependence.
In
addition,
more
and
more
opportunities
will
be
provided
for
them
to
take
part-time
jobs.
Therefore,
more
students
will
go
out of the ivory tower to broaden their knowledge
and to become the master of their own lives.



吸毒者年龄分布


1.
上图所示为我国吸毒者年龄分布情况，
请描述其变化

2.
请说明发生这些变化的原因

3.
这一变化对社会和个人的影响

As can be seen from the bar graph, there have been
sharp
changes
in
the
age
distribution
of
drug
addicts.
To
be
concrete,
the
teenage
addicts
only
made up 10 percent of all the drugsters (
吸毒者
) in
1982 while the ratio rose up to 65 percent in 2002.
I think that there are probably three reasons for this.
First, teenagers' curiosity about everything new has
led some of them into this marsh. Second, many of
the young addicts turned for the first time to drugs
for escape
either from their failure in the National
College
Entrance
Exams
or
from
their
parents'
breakup.
Above
all,
our
education
in
the
harmfulness of drugs has been far from adequate to
build teenagers' sound resistance to drugs.

Obviously
the
drastic
change
will
exert
great
impact
on
individuals
and
the
whole
society.
For
one
thing,
drug- taking
does
great
damage
to
the
health of drug users. For another, some drug users
commit
robbery
or
even
murder
their
parents
and
relatives to get money to buy drugs, which poses a
great
threat
to
the
social
security
and
the
social
stability.
Therefore,
it
is
high
time
we
did
something to put an end to this trend