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反义疑问句
一.句型解释
反义疑问句
(The Disjunctive Question)
:即附加疑问句 。它表示提问人的看法
,
没有把握
,
需要对方证实。
< br>反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保 持
一致。
1
.陈述部分肯定式
+
疑问部分否定式
2
.陈述部分否定式
+
疑问部分肯定式
She was ill yesterday, wasn
’
t she?
You didn
’
t go, did you?
二.特殊的句型
1.
祈使句。
祈使句后一般加上
will you
或
won't you
构成反意疑问句,
用
will you
多表示
“请求”
,
用
won't you
多
表示提醒对方注意。例如:
Let
引导的祈使句有两种情况:
1)
Let's...,
后的反意疑问句用
shall we
或
shan't we
。
例如:
Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we?
回家吧,好吗?
2)Let us/me...
后的反意疑问句用
will you
或
won't you
。
例如:
Let me have a try, will you/won't you?
3
)祈使句都用
will you
或
won
’
t you
2.
当陈述部分含
I think (believe, suppose...)that...
结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主
句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:
I don't think he will come, will he?
若是非第一人称,则与主句的主语相一致
He thinks that she will come, doesn’t he?
反意疑问句的陈述部分为
I(We) don
’
t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that
从句时,从句为 否定意义,问句部
分的动词和主语仍与
that
从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
①
I don
’
t think that you can do it, can you?
(不用
do I?
)
②
We don
’
t believe that the news is true, is it?
(不用
do we?
)
反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语
+said( told, reported, asked
……
) + that
从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分
的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:
①
They said that you had finished your work, didn
’
t they?
(不用
hadn
’
t you
)
②
Kate told you that she would go there, didn
’
t she?
(不用
wouldn
’
t she?
)
3.
当反意疑问句的陈述部分为从句时,若主句主语为
I
,反意部分的主语为从句主语
;
若不为
I
,反义部分的
主语为主句主语。
①
I know your father is a worker, isn't he?
①
she knows your father is a worker, doesn
’
t she?
4.
当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:
few, little, seldom
,
hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing,
none, neither
等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如:
He is never late for school, is he?
5.
当陈述部分所含的否定词 是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。
例如:
It is unfair, isn't it?
这不公平,是吧?
6
.陈述部分主、谓语是
I am...
时,反意疑问句用
aren't I ,
而不是
am not I (
可用
am I not)
。
例如:
I'm working now, aren't I?
我在工作,是吗?
7.
陈述部分的主语是
everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither
时
,
其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词
they
。例如:
Everyone is here, aren't they?
大家都到了,是吗?
No one knows about it, do they?
没有人知道这件事,对吗?
8.
陈述部分的主语是
everything, nothing, anything
或
something
时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词
it
。
例如:
Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it?
我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?
9.
陈述部分 的主语是指示代词
this
或
that
时,
反意疑问句的主语用it
,
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词
these
或
those< br>时,其反意疑问句的主语用
they
。
例如:
This is a plane, isn't it?
这是一架飞机,是吗?
These are grapes
,
aren't they?
这些是葡萄,是吗?
10.
陈述部分的主语是不定代词
one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用
one
,也可用
you
。
例如:
One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one?
每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧?
11.
当陈述部分谓语动词是
need, dare,
且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用
do
的适当形式。
例如:
He needs help, doesn't he?
他需要帮助,是吗?
12.
当陈述部分主语是从句、不定 式
(
短语
)
、动词
-ing
形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该 用
it
。
例如:
What you need is more important, isn't it
?
你需要的东西更重要,是吧?
(has)
不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用
do, does, did
。
例如:
They had a meeting just now
,
didn't they?
他们刚才开了个会,是吗?
15.
陈述部分有
have to
时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。
例如:
You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?
You had to water the vegetables every day, didn't you?
used to stay up late, usedn’t he/ didn’t he
?
17.
陈述部分是
there be
句型时,其反意疑问句中要用
there
。
There was a hospital here, wasn't there?
18.
陈述部分有
had better
时,反意疑问句中要用
hadn't
。
例如:
We
’
d better go to school at once, hadn't we?
He’d rather go home, wouldn’t he?
19.
当陈述部分含有情态动词
must
时,我们便要分析一下
must
的含义。如果
must
作“一定;要;必 须”讲,
反意疑问句须用
mustn't
或
needn't
;而当< br>must
作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据
must
后的 动词原形选用相应的形式。
例如:
He must work hard at physics, mustn't he?
他必须努力学物理,是吧?
Tom must be at home
,
isn't he?
汤姆一定在家,是吧
①
He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn
’
t he?
(不用
mightn
’
t he?/ hasn
’
t he?
)
②
You must have got up late this morning, didn
’
t you?
(不用
mustn
’
t you?/haven
’
t you?
)
20.
反意疑问句的回答用
yes
,
no
,
但是,回答意思相反
,
当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实。
例如:
They don
’
t work hard, do they?
Yes, they do.
不,他们工作努力。
/No, they don
’
t.
对,
他们工作不努力。
反意疑问句的陈述部分为
I am
……时,问句部分习惯上用
aren
’
t I
?表示。如:
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
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