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小五英语
个性化辅导
第二讲
一般疑问句
【知识点:
一般疑问句概述
】
用
Yes
或
No
作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其基本结构为:
be/
助动词
/
情态动词
+
主语
+
谓语
/
表语
+(
其他< br>)
。一般疑问句还有下列特点:
1
、以
be
动词、助动词或情态动词开头;
Eg:
:
Is your father a teacher?
Does Catherine like animals?
Can Jenny speak French?
2
、往往读升调;
3
、译成汉语,都可以带上
“
吗
”
,例如上面三句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗 ?凯瑟琳喜欢
动物吗?詹妮会说法语吗?
【重点】
一、将陈述句变成一般疑问句?
要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤:
1.
看句中有没有
be
动词(
am
、
is
、
are
、
was
、
were
)、助动 词(
do
、
does
、
did
、
have
、
had
)或情态动词(
can
、must
、
will
、
may
等),如果有,将其提到句首,句
末打上问号可。
eg
:
It was rainy yesterday.
→Was it rainy yesterday?
Tom's father can play the piano.
→Can
Tom's father play the piano?
I have finished my homework.
→Have you finished your homework?
2.
如果句中没有
be
动词、助动词或情态动 词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助
do
的相应形式
放在句首。具体方法是:如果谓语动词 是原形,则借
do
;如果谓语动词是一般现在时第
三人称单数形式,则借
does
;如果谓语动词是过去式,则借
did. < br>需要注意的是,借
does
或
did
后,原句的谓语动词要变回原形。
例:
They go to school by bike.
→Do they go to school by bike?
Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.
→Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day?
The students saw a film yesterday.
→Did the students see a film yesterday?
二、一般疑问句的回答
一般疑问句往往采用简短回答,共由三部分(三个 单词)组成,对这三部分(三个单
词)的确定可以概括例下:
1.
第一个词 :不是
Yes
就是
No
。(有时根据语气的不同,
Yes
可 由
Sure, Certainly, Of
course
,
no
可用
never
,
not at all
等代替)
eg: (1)
—
Can you help me
?你能帮个忙吗?
—
Certainly.
当然。
(2)
—
Have you been there
?
你到过那里吗?
—
Never.
从来没有。
< br>2.
第二个词:问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致(但必须用主格代词)。
eg
:
Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does.
Is Anna′s father a doctor? No
,
he isn′t.
如果主语是
this that,
回答时用
it
代替,如果问句中主语
these, those,
回答时用
they
代替。
3.
第三个词:用什么问,用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。
Can Jim play soccer?
Yes, he can.
Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does.
需要注意问题:用
may
引导的问句,肯定回答用
may
,否定回答用
can′t
或
mustn′t
,用
must
引导的问句,肯定回答用
must
,否定回答用
needn′t.
eg
:
May I go to the park now? Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.
Must I wash my clothes now? Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.
4
.用
No
开头作否定回答时
,
结尾要加上
not
。因为回答必须是三部分,所以否定回答必
须缩写,而肯定回答不能缩写。
eg:Did Thomas come here yesterday?
Yes, he did./ No ,he didn′t.
Is Lin Lin in Class 3?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.
或(
No, she′s not
)
.
【难点】
一、陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项
陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:
1.
如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。
eg
:
I usually have lunch at school.
→Do you usually have lunch at school?
My father is playing soccer.
→Is your father playing soccer?
2.
如果陈述句中有
some,
则变问句时往往要变成
any
。
Eg: There is some water on the playground.
→Is there any water on the playground?
3.
复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句,从句不变。
eg
:
I know he comes from Canada.
→Do you know he comes from Canada?
4
.如果句中含有实义动 词
have
且表示
“
有
”
时
,
除借
do
外,也可将其直接提到句首。
Eg:I have some friends in America.
→Have you any friends in America?/Do you have any friends in America?
二、一般疑问句的否定式
(
1
)一般疑问句的否定式 ,一般结构为系动词
/
助动词
/
情态动词
+not+
主语; 也可为系动
词
/
助动词
/
情态动词
+
主语
+not
,
Do you not/Don’t you believe me?
你不相信我?
Is it not / Isn’t it a lovely day?
天气难道不好吗?
Are you not / Aren’t you coming?
你不来吗?
Will you not /Won’t you sit down?
你不坐会儿吗?
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