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1970-01-01 08:00
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2021年1月23日发(作者:酢浆草科)
反意疑问句

反意疑问句表示问话人有一定的看法
,
但并不完全肯定
,
需要对方证实。它由两部分组成
——
陈述句
+
简略问句< br>。
一般情况下
,
陈述部分为肯定结构时
,
简略问句用否定结构
,


前肯后否
”;
陈述部分为否定结
构时
,
简略问句用肯定结构
,


前否后肯


1
主句陈述句

+
反意疑问句?

陈述句用肯定

反意疑问句用否定

陈述句用否定

反意疑问句用肯定

You are in the class, aren't you?
2
特殊点

1
)陈述部分主语是不定代词
everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one
等,疑问部分常用复

they
,非正式有时也用单数
he.

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
2
)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词
everything, that, nothing, this,
疑问部分主语用
it



Everything is ready, isn't it?
3
)陈述部分是

结构的,疑问部分用
there
省略主语代词。


There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?
4

)
陈述部分用

no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little
等否定含义的词时,
疑问部分用肯定含义。


The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (
开花
), do they ?
5


如果陈述句中仅仅出现了用否定前缀表示否定的词,反意疑问句的动词仍用否定。



The news is unimportant, isn't it?





It is impossible, isn't it?




You haven't got our invitation, have you?


He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
6)
陈述句的主语是
I
则反意疑问句可用
aren't I
非正式也可用
am not I?
7)One
作主语,则反意疑问句的主语可用
one
非正式也可用

you
8)Let's ----
shall we

/ let us --- will you
9)
如果陈述句是祈使句,反意疑问句用

will you/ won't you
肯定
---
will you/ won't you





否定
---
will you
10)SVO
结构中,宾语从句由
that
引导。


如果主语不是
I
则反意疑问句的动词和主语与主句中的动词和主语配合


1

如果主语是
I
动词又是主观判断性动词
think


believe

suppose

imagine

expect
等则反 意疑
问句动词的选择和主语与
that
从句一致,但肯定否定与主句一致。

He said that she would go to Japan, didn't he?
He thought that she was able to pass the exam, didn't he?
I think that she is a good teacher, isn't she?
I don't believe that she tells a lie, does she?
11) Have
表示拥有

She has a bag, hasn't he/ doesn't he?

She doesn't have a bag, does she?
注:如果陈述句中的动词

have
表示

经历,遭受,得到,吃

的意思时,则简 短问句中的动词用

do
的形式。例如:



You often have headaches, don’t you?

12)
含有
ought to
的反意疑问句,疑问部分用
shouldn't / oughtn't +
主语。



He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
13)
陈述部分的谓语是
used
to
时,疑问部分用
didn't
+
主语或

usedn't
+
主语,有时也可以
used+
主语
+not




He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? / used he not?
14)
陈述部分有
must
的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。



A

must
表示

应该

,其疑问部分用
mustn't< br>(不应该),如:



You must work hard next term, mustn't you ?
下学期你应该努力学习,对吗?



B

must
表示

必须

,其疑问部分用
needn't
(不必),如:



They must finish the work today, needn’t they?
他们今天必须要完成这项工作,是吗?



C
.陈述部分 含情态动词
mustn't
,表示禁止时,疑问部分就可以用
must
may
,如:



You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? (may we?)
你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?



D

must
表示推测

,其疑问部分必须与
must
后面的主要动词相呼应。如:

可先将句子改为
I am sure that
从句,反意疑问句的形式根据
be sure that
后面的从句的谓语动词形
式确定

You must be hungry now, ____?



I am sure that you are hungry, aren't you?

I am sure that you have heard about it, haven't you?



She hasn't a bag, has he?
You must have heard about it,____?

You must have watched that football match last night,____?


I am sure that you watched that football match last night, didn't you?
15)
不太常用


2


1)
陈述部分有
have to +v. (had to + v.)
,疑问部分常用
don't +
主语(
didn't +
主语)。



We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

2)
陈述部分有
had better + v.
疑问句部分用
hadn't you?


You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

3)
陈述部分有
would rather +v.
,疑问部分多用

wouldn't +
主语。



He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

4)
陈述部分有
You'd like to +v.
疑问部分用
wouldn't +
主语。



You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

16)
带情态动词
dare

need
的反意疑问句,疑 问部分常用

need (dare ) +
主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?




He dare not say so, dare you?

dare, need
为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词
do +
主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17)
陈述部分主语是
this, that
,
简略问句的主语用
it;
陈述部分主语是
these, those

,
简略问句的主
语用
they
。如
:
This is a new car
, isn’t it?





These are your books, aren’t they?

18)
陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:

a.
并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b.
带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c.
上述部分主句谓语是
think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine
等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾
语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?



We believe she can do it better, can't she?
d.
陈述部分主语是不定式、
v-ing
形式时
,简略问句的主语用
it
。如
:
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes, isn’t it?

19) I wi
sh ….
反意疑问用
may I?
I wish I were a student studying in Beijing University, may I?



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