-
（不）可数名词及用
some
和
any
表示数量
一（不）可数名词
、
英语中的名词按其表 示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词
与不可数名词。这两种名词在用法上是有区别的，现归纳如下：
1
可数名词有单数、
复数之分，
如：
m ap
→
maps
；
onion
→
onions
；< br>baker
→
bakers
不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：
some water
；
a lot of bread
2
单数可数名词表示泛指时，
前面要用不定冠 词
a(an)
；
而不可数名词不能
a(an)
。
如：
Li Hong is a driver.I am a teacher.
李红是一名司机，我是一名教师。
We can't see milk on the table.
我们看不见桌上有牛奶。
[
友情提醒
]
在表示特指时，不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词
the
，如 ：
Pass me the ball
，
please.
请把球传给我。
The chicken on the plate is yours.
盘子里的鸡肉是你的
3
可数名词表示复数意义时可用
many
等词修饰。如：
many apples
；
a lot of
tomatoes
；
a few pens
不可数名词则要用
much
、
a
little
等词修饰。
如：
much
meat a
little
bread
little water
[
友情提醒
]
这两类名词都可以被
some
、
any
、
a lot of(lots of)
等修饰。如：
some eggs/paper(
纸
)
。
A lot of (lots of) knives/orange juice
4
可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。如：
three women ten babies
不可数名词表示数量的多少时，必须与表示数量的名词连用，即“数词< br>+
表示
数量的名词
(
可数名词
)+of+
不可数名词 ”
。如：
two glasses of milk
两杯牛奶
five pieces of bread
五片面包
5
可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致。
不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。如：
There is some rice in the bowl.
碗里有些米饭。
All the students are in the classroom.
所有的学生都在教室里。
[
友情提醒
]< br>如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词须用复数形式。
如：
There are two bags of rice in the room.
房间里有两袋大米。
6
对可数名词的数量提问用
how
many
；
对不可数名词的数量提问要用
how
much
，
但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用
how many
。如：
I can see two pictures on the wall.
→
How many pictures can you
see on the wall?
There is a lot of pork in the basket.
→
How much pork is there in
the basket?
I
want
three
glasses
of
water.
→
How
many
glasses
of
water
do
you
want?
7
另外，有些集合名词也是可数名词，但 不同的是，它们以单数形式出现，表示
复数概念，如
people
，
poli ce
，
family
等；而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式
出现，如
clothes
，
glasses(
眼镜
)
等；有的可数名词单、复 数形式相同，如
Japanese
，
sheep
，
Chinese< br>等。如：
The Chinese people are hardworking and brave.
中国人民勤劳勇敢。
The sports clothes are new.
这些运动服是新的。
I have one sheep. He has two sheep.
我有一只羊，他有两只羊。
练习
1. I want to buy ________.
A. two bottles of ink
B. two bottle of ink
C. two bottle of inks
D. two bottles of inks
2. They don't have to do _______ today.
A. much homework
B. many homeworks
C. many homework
D. much homeworks
3. There are three ______ and seven ______ in the picture.
A. cows, sheeps
B. cows, sheep
C. cow, sheep
D. cow, sheeps
4. June 1 is _______.
A. children's day
B. children's Day
C. Children's Day
D. Children's day
5. ______ room is next to their parents'.
A. Kate's and Joan's
B. Kate's and Joan
C. Kate and Joan's
D. Kate and Joan
6.
Miss Green is a friend of _______.
A. Mary's mother's
B. Mary's mother
C. Mary mother's
D. mother's of Mary
7. Sheep _______ white and milk _______ also white.
A. is, are
B. are, is
C. is, is
D. are, are
8. I'd like to have a glass of milk and _______.
A. two breads
B. two pieces of breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
9. Many ______ are singing over there.
A. woman
B. women
C. girl
D. child
10. He bought _______.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoes
C. two pairs of shoe
D. two pair of shoe
11. Mr. White has three _______.
A. child
B. children
C. childs
D. childrens
12.
---
Are these ______?
---
No, they aren't. They're _______.
A. sheep, cows
B. sheep, cow
C. sheeps, cow
D. sheeps, cows
13. There are many ______ in the fridge.
A. fish
B. fruit
C. eggs
D. bread
It's _______. 14.
---
Whose room is this?
---
A. Li Ming
B. Li Ming's
C. Li Mings
D. Li Mings'
15. Here are ______ for you, Sue.
A. potatos
B. some potatoes
C. three tomatos
D. some tomato
16. Here are some birthday cards with our best ______ for her.
A. wish
B. hope
C. wishes
D. hopes
17. I always go to that ______ to buy food on Sunday.
A. shop
B. park
C. zoo
D. garden
18. ______ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily
B. Lucy and Lily's
C. Lucy's and Lily
D. Lucy's and Lily's
19. Mum, I'm quite thirsty. Please give me ________.
A. two orange
B. two bottle of oranges
C. two bottles of orange
D. two bottles of oranges
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