2021年1月23日发(作者：站队)
比较级的特殊句型

在英语中，当对两个事物进行程度上的比较时，要采用形容词和副 词的特定
表现形式或特定句型，
即形容词和副词的三个比较等级：
同级比较、
比较级和最
高级。但同级比较和比较级形式不仅仅表现

与
……
一样< br>
和

比
……
更

的基本概念。
由比较级 构成的特定句型可以表达更为复杂的意思，
并有其特定的
译法，是学习者在高级英语学习阶段所 应掌握的。

1
．

．．．
as
．．．
句型可以用来比较两个不同事物或人的两个不同特
征，表示两个事物的状况处于同等程度或两个事物 之间具有连带关系。译成汉
语时，以

而

连接两个事物。
例如 ：


He was as experienced as his brother was green
．他经验丰富，而他弟弟初出茅
庐。


The prisons are as over-crowded as the farmlands are empty
．监狱里人满为患，
而农田却无人耕种。


She is as kind as her brother is honest
．她很友善，而她哥哥很诚实。


2
．
．．．
as
．．．

句型还可以用来比较一个事物或一个人的两个不同的特征，表示两个特征同时存在，具有
both
．．．
and
．．．的含 义，可译成：

既
……
又
……
。
例如：


The landlord was as greedy as cruel
．这个地主既贪婪又残忍。


The problems are as numerous as trivial
．问题既多又繁琐。


It is as your fault as your wife's
．这既是你的错误也是你妻子的错误。

3
．

．．．
as
．．．
can be
，

．．．
as any
（
anything
）

，

．．．
as
ever lived
：表示某事 达到了无以复加的程度，可译成

最

，

极其

。
例如：


He is as great a mathematician as any
（
as ever lived
）．他是最伟大的数学家。

My sister is
as green as green can be
．我妹妹毫无经验。

He pretends to be as modest as anything
．他装得极为谦虚。

4
．

．．．
as
．．．

：这个句型用以肯定
as
后面的内容，而在
一 定程度上否定
as
前面的内容，表示

与其说
……
还不如说< br>……
，

更多的
是
……
而不是
……
。
例如：

Experience shows that success is not so much due to ability as to zeal
．

经验表明，成功的背后更多的是热情，而不是能力。


I
was
attracted
not
so
much
by
the
plot
of
the
story
as
by
the
actor's
excellent
performance
．

吸引我的与其说是剧情，还不如说是演员的出色表演。

It wasn’t so much
his appearance I liked as his personality.
It wasn’t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn’t interested.

5
．

，
so is A to B
．

：这 个句型表示
A
与
B
之间的关系就像
X
与
Y
之间的关系，以人们所熟知的两个事物之间的关系说明一个不被熟知或被
忽视的两事物之间的关系，是一 种类比，可译成：

对于
B
，犹如
X
对于
Y
。
例如：


As the house is to the man
，
so is the nest to the bird
．

鸟巢对于鸟的作用，就像房屋对于人的作用。


As lungs are to the animal
，
so are leaves to the plant
．

叶子对于植物的作用犹如肺脏对于动物的作用。


As food is to the body
，
so is reading to the mind
．

读书对于人的思想的作用，犹如食物对于人体的作用。


6
．
：表示与

．．．
as
类似的含义，肯定的是
A
，而在一定程度上否定
B
。可译成：

与其说是
B
，还不如说 是
A
。
例如：


He is more brave than wise
．他有勇无谋。


The child was more frightened than hurt
．
这孩子的伤倒不算什么，
只是受惊吓。


The
reason
why
solar
energy
is
not
in
widespread
use
is
more
economic
than
technica l
．太阳能没有广泛应用的原因更多的是资金问题，而不是技术问题。


Many patients die more of worry than of cancer when they get to know the truth
about
their
illness
．很多病人在他们了解了病情真相后与其说是死于癌症， 还不
如说是死于忧虑。


7
．

than
＋名词／形容词／分词
……
：表示内容超出了后面词语所
表达的范围，可译成

不只于，超过，极其

。例如：


If you tell your father what you've done
，

he'll be more than a little angry
．

如果你告诉你父亲你都做了些什么，他会非常生气。


I more than saw it
；
I touched it too
！我何止看见了，我还摸了摸它！


We were more than happy to hear of your return
．
听说你回来了，
我们极其高兴。


8．

：该结构并无否定含义，表示

很可能

之意，而且语气
强烈
。例如：


He will forget all about it as likely as not
．他很可能会把它忘得一干二净。


He will succeed as likely as not
．他很可能会成功。


类似的用法还有：
as often as not
，
more often than not
，表示

经 常

、

往往

之意。再如：


As often as not the buses are late in peak hours
．公交车往往在高峰时间晚点。


More often than not conservative people look backward rather than forward
．

保守的人们往往不是向前看，而是往后看。


He comes to work early more often than not
．他经常很早就来上班。


【练习】正确理解并翻译下列句子。


1
．
He was as handsome as his wife was beautiful
．


2
．
As oil is to machines
，
so is food to man
．


3
．
It wasn't so much his appearance I like as his personality
．


4
．
He is as wrong as wrong can be
．


5
．
He is a scholar more in name than in reality
．


6
．
She is more than pretty
．


答案：


1
．他英俊而他妻子也美丽。


2
．食物对于人正如燃油对于机器。


3
．我更多的是喜欢他的人品，而不是他的外表。


4
．他大错特错了。


5
．他是一个有名无实的学者。


6
．她何止漂亮。