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句型转换和特殊疑问句的语法
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换
一、
含有的
be
动词、助动词和情态动词的句子;
一律在
be
动词、
助动词和情态动词后加
“
not
”< br>,
改为一般疑问句时,
一律将
be
动词、
助动词和情态动前移 到句首(首字母大写)
。肯定回答用“
Yes
”
;否定回答用“
No
”
。
“
Yes
”或“
No
”后面的主语必须用代词 ,
“
No
”后面必须用否定缩略式。
1. There are some computers in this school. (be
动词
)
There aren
’
t any computers in this school.
Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there
aren't.)
2. Li Ming
’
s father can drive the car. (
情态动词
)
Li Ming
’
s father can
’
t drive the car.
Can Li Ming
’
s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can
’
t.)
3. She has already finished his homework now. (
助动词
)
She hasn
’
t finished his homework yet.
Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn
’
t.)
二、只有行为动词的句子。
必须借助助动词
do;
does;
did
。
改为否定句 ,
在行为动词前加
don
’
t
(一般现在时态,
主语是除第 三人称单数之外的人称和数时)
;
doesn
’
t
(一般现在时态, 主语是第三人称单
数时)
;
didn
’
t
(一般过去时态)
。改为一般疑问句时,在句首加
Do
;
Does
或
Did
。肯定回
答用
“
Yes
”
,
后面动词用
do;
does
或
did
”
;
否定回答用
“No
”
,
后面动词用
don
’
t
(doesn
’
t; didn
’
t)
”
。
1. The children like playing games.
The children don
’
t like playing games.
Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don
’
t.)
2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.
Mary doesn
’
t usually go to school on foot. (
原第三人称单数改为原形
)
Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No, she doesn
’
t.)
3. Tom went to London yesterday.
Tom didn
’
t go to London yesterday. (
原过去式改为原形
)
Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn
’
t.)
一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
一、
一般疑问句:能用
Yes
或
No
来回答的问 句。一般疑问句
句尾读升调。
1
、
谓语动词是
be
动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于
句首,句末改成问号。
Are you from Japan
﹖
Yes, I am
.
/ No, I'm not
.
Is her sister doing her homework now
﹖
Yes, she is
.
/ No, she isn't
.
Can you speak French
﹖
Yes, I can
.
/ No, I can't
.
May I go home now
﹖
Yes, you may
.
/ No, you mustn't
.
2
、
谓语动词是行为动词时,
必须在句首加上助动词
Do
、
Does
(三单)
、
Did
(过去式)加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词必须用原形。
Does he work in a bank
﹖
Yes, he does
.
/ No, he doesn't
.
Do you live near your school
﹖
Yes, I do
.
/ No, I don't
.
3
、
already
要改成
y et
,
some
、
something
、
somebody
等分别改成
any
、
anything
、
anybody< br>等。
4
、
常常把第一人称
I
、
we
改成第二人称
you
5
.一般疑问句有时不用
yes
或
no
回答。如:
Are they in town now
﹖
I think so.
May I sit here
﹖
Certainly
.
Does he like soccer
﹖
Sorry I don't know
.
二、
特殊疑问句:不能用
Yes
或
No
来回答的问句。特殊疑问
句句尾读降调。
1
、
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问
词有:what
(什么),
who
(谁),
whose
(谁的),
which
(哪个),
when
(何时),
where
(哪里),
how
(怎样),
why
(为何)
how
many
(有多少),
how much
(多少钱)等。
2
、
疑问词作主语
(who)
或主语的定语
(Whose)
,
即对主语或主语的定语提问
,
其语序是陈述句的语序:
疑问词(
+
主语)
+
谓语动词
+
其他成分
如:
who is singing in the room
﹖
whose bike is broken
﹖
3
、
如
疑问词
作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其
语序
是:
疑问词
+
一般疑
问句语序
?
如:
what class are you in
﹖
What does she look like
﹖
Where are you from
﹖
What time does he get up every morning
﹖
How do you know
﹖
3
、要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用
D o
或
Does.
例如下列句
子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes,
he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, th
ey do./ No, they don't.
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