2021年1月23日发(作者：scriptlet)

简易英语语法

动词的分类







Be
动词：
is, am, are, was, were






助动词：
do, does, did, has, have, had
动词


情态动词：
can, must, may, should,
等







实义动词：
run, eat, play, like,
等等。


陈述句改为一般疑问句的改法：

一般疑问句：以
be
动词、助动词 、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。例如：

Is she a doctor.
她是一名医生吗？

Has she got any grapes?
她 有些葡萄吗？（这里的
has
是助动词，
got
（
get
的 原形）是有的意
思。

Can you fly?
你会飞吗？


当句子中的谓语只有实义动词，没有
be
动词、助动词、情态动词的时候， 句子变一般疑问
句时要加
do
、
does
、
did
（
do
、
dose
的过去式）其中之一。如：
The fox likes grapes.
句子的
谓语没有
be
动词、助动词、情态动词 ，只有
likes
，
like
是实义动词，因此，句首要加助动
词；
又因为
the fox
是第三人称单数，
句首的助动词就用
does.
句子的就变成
Does the fox like
grapes?
注意原来
likes
中的
s
，要删除。


一般疑问句主语和
be
动词、助动词、情态动词倒装。没有这三类词时要加助动词。如：

She

is

a doctor.










She

usually

goes

to school at seven.

Is

she

a doctor?










Does

she usually go to school at seven?

记住：实义动词始终在主语的后面。

注意：述句（句子后面只有句号的句子）给成一般疑问句时，一般情况下，还要把第一人称
I
、
we
、
my
、
our
改成
you
、your
，把
some
变成
any
。如：

I

have

got some apples.








I

am

making

my

aeroplane.

变成：
Have

you

got any apples?






Are

you

making

your

aeroplane?
We are watching TV
.
变成：
Are you watching TV?
还要注意：如果
has
、
have
、
had
、
do
、
does< br>、
did
后面是名词时，
has
、
have
就不是助 动词了，
他们是实义动词。
改一般疑问时不能提前
（一般情况下，
所有实义动 词都不能提到主语前面）
，
要根据时态加助动词
do
、
does、
did
。

如：
She

has

breakfast everyday.


Does

she

have

breakfast everyday?


练习，把下列的句子改成一般疑问句。



1. His father is an English teacher.


2. These cats are crying.


3. They can swim.


4. I like to read English.


5. I go to school on foot.


6. He likes English.


7. His father goes to work by bus.


8. He is crying under the tree.


9. His birthday is on the twentieth of November.


10. Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop.


11. Kitty is wearing her new uniform.


12. The boy under the tree is hungry.


13. He goes to school every day.


14. I want to have a model car.


15. She wants a cup of coffee.


16. Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night.


17. I do my homework after school.

18.I have got some grapes.

19
.Tom’s got a bird.


and Tom have got a dog.

21.I have breakfast(
早饭
) every morning.


do their homework after school(
放学
).

答案：
his father an English teacher?
these cats crying?
they swim?
you like to read English?
you go to school on foot?
he like English?
his father go to work by bus?
he crying under the tree?
his birthday on the twentieth of November?
Mrs. Li and Kitty in a big shop?
Kitty wearing her new uniform?
the boy under the tree hungry?
he go to school every day?
you want to have a model car?
she want a cup of coffee?
Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night?
you do your homework after school?
you got any grapes?
you got a bird?
20. Have Kitty and Tom got a dog?
you have breakfast every morning?

这里的
have
是吃的意思。

they do their homework after school?

do their homework
中的
do
是做的意思。


否定句的改法

首先要认清“否”就是“不”的意思，在英语中就是
not< br>或
not
的省略形式
n’t
。

否定句是在
be
动词、助动词、情态动词后加
not
或
not
的缩略形式
n’t
。人称不变化。实义
动词不能直接加否定词，须加助动词
doesn
’
t
（第三人称单数）、
don
’
t
、
didn< br>’
t
。

例如：
I am English teacher.
改成：
I am not
（
aren’t
也可以）
English teacher.
She has got some apples.
改成：
She hasn’t
（
has not
也可以）
got any apples.

注意：一些否定词
hardly
（几乎不）
few
（很少 可数）
little
（很少不可数）
nothing
（没有）
non e
（没有人或物）等也是否定词。含有此类否定词的句子也是否定句。
am not
的否定缩
略形式是
aren’t

如：
Su yang often plays football.
可以改成：

Su yang doesn't play football (at all).
Su yang seldom plays football.
Su yang never plays football.

Some
改成否定句一般也要改成
any
。



练习，将下列句子改为否定句。

1. His father is an English teacher.


2. These cats are crying.


3. They can swim.


4. I like to read English.


5. I go to school on foot.


6. He likes English.


7. Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night.


8. I do my homework after school.

9.I have got some grapes.

’s got a bird.


11.I have breakfast(
早饭
) every morning.

do their homework after school(
放学
).

13. Kitty often goes to the cinema
（去看电影）
.

答案：

1.

His father isn’t an English teacher. /is not

2.

Th
ese cats aren’t crying. /are not

3.

They can’t swim. /can not /cannot

4.

I don’t like to read English. /do not

5.

I don’t go to school on foot. /do not

6.

He doesn’t like English. /does not

7.

and Kitty don’t watch television at night. /do not

8.

I don’t do my homewo
rk after school. /do not
9.

I haven’t got some grapes. /have not

10.

Tom hasn’t got a bird. /has not

11.

I don’t have breakfast every morning. /do not

12.

They don’t do their homework after school. /do not

13. Kitty seldom goes to the cinema. /never/does … at all


特殊疑问句的改法：