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初一英语一般现在时讲解及其练习
1
定义:
表示通常性、规律性、 习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时
间状态。
2
基本结构
A.
如果谓语动词是实义动词的结构
结构:肯定式
:
主语
+
动词原形
/
动词 的第三人称单数
否定式
:
主语
+
助动词
don't/doesn't +
动词原形
+
其他
疑问式
:Do/Does+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他
简略回答
:(
肯
)Yes,
主语
+do/does
(
否
)No,
主语
+do/does not
缩写形式
: don't == do not
doesn't ==does not
注意:
have
的第三人称单数为
has
疑问句型
谓语动词是实义动词,方法是在主语前加助动词
do
或< br>does
构成,句中动词要改用原
型动词。
do
用于第一人称和名词复数,
does
用于第三人称单数和名词单数或不可数
名词。
Do you know it
?
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Does she have a pen
?
Yes, she does. / No, she hasn't.[have
这里是实义动词
]
Do they play basketball after school? Yes, they do. / No, they don't.
否定句型
谓语动词是实义动词,
是在谓语动词前加
do not
或
does not
,
谓语动词改用动词原型。
I don't have luch at home.
doesn't know French.
They don't play basketball on the sports ground.
肯定式
I
work.
You
work.
We
work.
They
work.
He(She,It)
works.
疑问式
Do
I
work?
Do
you
work?
Do
we
work?
Do
they
work?
Does
he(she,it)
work?
否定式
I
do
not
work.
You
do
not
work.
We
do
not
work.
They
do
not
work.
He(She,It)
does
not
work.
否定疑问式
Do
I
not
work?
Do
you
not
work?
Do
we
not
work?
Do
they
not
work?
Does
he(she,it)
not
work?
B
如果谓语动词是
be/
情态动词的结构
结构
:
主语
+be+
其他
主语
+
情态动词
+
动词原形
1
)
be
动词的第一人称单数为
am
,第三人称单数为
i s
,其他人称为
are
Be
动词顺口溜用法:
我用
am
,你用
are
,
is
用于他,她,它
,
单数
is
,复数
are.
肯定式
:
主语
+ am /is/are +
其他
否定式
:
主语
+ am/is/are +not +
其他
疑问式
:Am /Is /Are +
主语
+
其他
?
简略回答
: (
肯
) Yes,
主语
+ am/ is /are
(
否
) No,
主语
+ am /is/are not
缩写形式
: I'm == I am
That's ==That is
We're ==We are
What's== What is
You're == You are
Who's == Who is
They're ==They are
Where's ==Where is
He's
==He is
She's =She is
It's == It is
isn't==is not
aren't==are not
疑问句型
1.
对于谓语动词或助动词是
be
、
can/may
等,将这些词移到主语前面。
Are you students
?
Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.
Is Jane in the classroom? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
Is there any water in the glass? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
否定句型
谓语动词或助动词是
be
、
can/may/
等,在将助动词后加
not.
I am not at college.
Mr. Wang isn't 50 years old.
You may not go now.
2
)情态动词
can/may
的用法同
be< br>动词
Eg: I can do my homework.
She can see a
picture.
3.
动词的表达方法
主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示,其中最主要的是谓语 动词的变化。现
在一般时动词变化的规则是:
A
实义动词
1.
如果主语是名词复数和第一人称
I
、
we
,谓语动词不用做任何变化,即仍然用动
词原型表示:
We usually go to school at 7:30.
我们通常
7:30
上学去。
[go]
My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.
我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。
[give]
2.
主 语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数,谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别
提一点:不可数名词也算 作单数处理。
实义动词单数变法规则:
情况
一般情况
构成方法
加
-s
读音
清辅音后读
/s/
浊辅音和
元音后读
/z/
读
/iz/
例词
swim-swims
;
help- helps
;
以
s,sh,ch,x
,
o
等结尾的
词
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的
词
加
-es
Passes,
finishes,
teaches,
goes
study-studies
变
y
为
i
再加
es
读
/z/
写出下列动词的第三人称单数:
study
play
go
come
help
teach
lie
listen
begin
open
sit
wash
guess
cut
run
eat
B
助动词
a.
基本助动词
be (
是
) - am, is, are
I
用
am
;
she/he/it,
名词单数都用
is
;
we, you, they,
名词复数都用
are
b.
基本助动词
have (
有
) - have, has
I, we, you, they,
名词复数都用
have
;
she/he/it is,
名词单数都用
has
c.
基本助动词
do-do does
I, we, you, they,
名词复数都用
do
;
she/he/it is,
名词单数都用
does
d.
情态助动词,不论单复数、不论什么人称都没有变化,都用
can, may
等。而且,
句子中有了助动词,谓语动词就不需要有任何变化了,即用动词原形表示。
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