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内径人教版初中英语全部时态汇总

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2021-01-24 01:39
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2021年1月24日发(作者:comment的用法)
初中英语全部时态











A:
一般现在时通常表示目前阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。


结构
:
1

be
动词的第一人称单数为,第三人称单数为,其他人称为。

有一顺口溜体现了它的用法:

我用
am
,你用
are

is
用于他,
她,它
,
单数
is
,复数
are.
肯定式
:
主语
+ am /is/are +
其他

否定式
:
主语
+ am/is/are +not +
其他

疑问式
:Am /Is /Are +
主语
+
其他
?
简略回答
: (

) Yes,
主语
+ am/ is /are
(

) No,
主语
+ am /is/are not
缩写形式
:
I'm
==
I
am That's
==That
is We're
==We
are
What's== What is
You're
==
You
are Who's
==
Who
is They're
==They
are
Where's ==Where is
He's
==He
is





















She's
==She
is
It's == It is
isn't==is not aren't==are not
2< br>)行为动词(实义动词)除主语是第三人称单数外,都用动词原
形,主语是第三人称单数时,在动 词

词尾加
-s

-es


“动词第三人称单数”的加法



“如何从动词原形变为第三人称
精选

单数”

1
、一般情况加
s. 2
、以
o, s, x, ch, sh
结尾加
es. 3

以“辅音字母
+y
”结尾


y

i +es
写出下列动词的第三人称单数:

study play go come help
teach lie listen begin open
sit throw wash
guess









cut









run









relax
beat eat
肯定式
:
主语
+
动词原形
/
动词的第三人称单数

否定式
:
主语
+
助动词
don't/doesn't +
动词原形
+
其他

疑问式
:Do/Does+
主 语
+
动词原形
+
其他

简略回答
:(

)Yes,
主语
+do/does (

)No,
主语
+do/does not
缩写形式
: don't == do not doesn't ==does not
注意:
have
的第三人称单数为
has

用法:

1.
表示事实
,
现状
,性质或经常的
,
习惯的动作
,
常与
often, usually,
always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five
minutes, on Sundays
等时间状语连用
,
eg. He has a brother.
2.
表示普遍真理
. eg. The earth goes round the sun.
3.
表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作
.
精选

eg. Here comes the train.
4.
在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时
.
eg.I'll go with you if you are free tomorrow.
一般过去时
< br>一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,
一般过去时通常由动
词的过去式表示。< br>

结构:

1.
动词的第一、
三有称单数用,
其他人称用
,
其肯定式
,
否定式
,
疑问式< br>和简略回答形式与一般现在时相似。

2.
行为动词的过去式分为规则和不规则两种
,
规则动词的过去式
是在动词 后加或
,
不规则动词参照不规则动词表
,
需要专门记忆。

肯定式
:
主语
+
动词的过去式
+
其他
eg. I got up at six this
morning.

否定式
:
主语
+ did not +
动词原形
+
其他
eg. John
didn't live here last year.

疑问式
:Did
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他
eg.
Did
you
see
him
a moment ago?

简略回答
.(

)Yes,
主语
+did (

)No ,
主语
+ didn't.
用法


1.
主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态
.
eg. My father was at work yesterday.
2.
表示过去经常 或反复发生的动作
,
常与
often,always
等表示频度
的时间状语连用
.
精选

eg. He always went to work by bus last summer.
3.

when
等连词引导的状语从句连用
.
eg. When she reached home, she had a short rest.
4.
常与表示过去的时间状语
,
如…
ago, yesterday, last week, in
the
old
days,
when
I
was
five
years
old,
in
1995
等连用
.
began the work two months ago. Were you born in 1981? Yes, I
was.
不规则中寻

规则


英语中很多动词的 过去式是不规则的,
有些同学死记硬背,
却效果
不佳。我们不妨共同寻找一些不规则动 词中的“规则”
,这样记忆起
来就会事半功倍了。

I


过去式与动词原形同形。例如:

let

let, put

put, hit

hit, read

read[red]
等。

II
.动词原形以< br>ow

aw
结尾,过去式常变为
ew
。例如:

know

knew, grow

grew, throw

threw, draw

drew
等。但
是 也有一些例外,例如:
show

showed


III
.许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母
i
改为
a
,就可变为过去式。例如:

begin

began, give

gave, sing

sang, swim

swam, sit

sat, drink

drank, ring

rang



但是
win

won
例外。

IV
.有些动词的过去式以
o(a)ught
结尾。例如:

精选

bring

brought,
buy

bought,
think

thought,
catch

caught, teach

taught
等。

[
注意
]
上述动词过去式究竟是以
ought[:t]
还是
aught[:t]
结尾,
只要记住“有
a

a
,无
a

o
”即可。


:
原形中有
a
的,

过去式变为
aught
,否则为
ought


V



eep
结尾的动词,常将
eep
改为
ept
构成过去式。例如:
keep

kept, sleep

slept, sweep

swept
等。











一般将来时棗表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态

结构:

助动词
shall/will { be (is ,am ,are ) going to }+
动词原

(当主语第一人称时,
一般用
shall

当主语为第三人称时,

will

但主语为第一人称时,也用
will


肯定式
:
主语
+shall/will+
动词原形
+
其他

否定式< br>:
主语
+shall/will+not+
动词原形
+
其他< br>.
疑问式
:Shall/Will+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他

简略回答
:(

)Yes,
主语
+shall/will . (

)No,
主语
+shall/will+not






:
'll
==shall/will







shan't==
shall
not
won't == will not

用法
:
1.
表示将要发生的动

作或情况
,
常用时间状语有
: later (on), soon,
精选

in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow

.
eg. I shall be eighteen years old next year.
Maybe
China's
population
_______
(pass)
1,300,000,000
by
the year 2005.
2.
表示某种必然的趋势

eg. Fish will die without water.

解析:

1.
在以第一人称为主语的问句中
,
常用
shall
表 示提议和询问情况
,
在以第二人称作主语的问句中
,

will
表示请求
.
eg. Where shall we have the meeting?
Will you please lend me your pen?
2.
当主语是第一人称时
,

will
表示意愿
.
决心
.
允诺
.
命令等
.
eg. I will give you an English--Chinese dictionary for your
birthday.
3.
在时间或条件状语从句中
,
一般用一般现在时代替一般将来

.
eg. Tom will write to me when he gets there.
going to +
动词原形也可表示将来时
.
(1).
表示主观意愿
.
打算等
.
eg. He's going to learn English next term.
(2).
根据已有迹象
,
可能要发生的情况

eg. Look at the black clouds!
精选

----It is going to rain.










现在进行时棗表示目前或目前阶段正在进行的动作。
(
表示“……
正在(在)干……”
)


结构:


is/am/are +
动词的
-ing
形式
(
动词的现在分词
)


用法:


1.
表示目前发生
(
进行
)
的动作
(
不指状态),
常用时间状语有
:now,
at the moment

,
并常出现在祈使句的句子中
,

look, listen


.

eg. Are you writing a letter to your father at the moment?

Listen! She is singing in the next room.



2.
表示目前阶段正在进行
,
而此刻不一定在进行的动作
.
精选


eg. They are planting trees these days.



3.
表示按计划或安排即将进 行的动作
,
表示这种动作的动词有
:come,
go, leave, arrive, start, see

,
并常与表示将来时间的状语连

.

eg. They are leaving for Australia tomorrow afternoon.



注意
:
某些表示感觉或状态的动词
,

love, like, prefer, hate,
see, know
等一般不用现在进行时
.

eg. Lucy prefers art to science.




练习题:
(选择填空)


精选


.
般现在时
.



English teacher about thirty
years old, but he younger than he really is.
A.
is,
look B
.is,
looks C.
am,
look

























very
hard,
but
he
till a little weak in Chinese.
A. studies, is B. study, is C.
doesn’t study, is





all
know
that
the
sun round
the
earth.

A. goes B. don’t go C.
doesn’t go




twelve months in a year
and January first.
A.
is,
comes B.
are,
come C.
are,
comes



the
kite
best
of
all,
Jim.
Lucy or Lily?
A .flies B. fly C .are
flying



6. the Great Wall one of the
精选

places
of
great
interests
in
China?
B. Do C. Is



7. you usually to
school with classmates?
A.
Do,
comes B.
does,
come C.
Do,
come



8. she home
at six o

clock every mornig?
A. Do, comes B. Does. Come C. Do,
come



9.
My
mother like
watcing
TV,so
she to bed very early every evening.
A

doesn

t
,go B. don

t
go C.
doesn

t goes




Green
usually newspapers
after supper every day.
A. read B. reading C. reads

.
一般过去式
.




two in the same class last
year.
A. are B. was C. were
精选




2.---Where you ?
----I went to buy some food for supper.



students in Li Lei

s class on a
farm last week.
A. work B. works C. worked



4. that worker in a
shoe factory a year ago?
A.
Do,
work ,
worked C.
Did,
work



5.--- Did you find your pen ?
----Yes, I it two hours ago.
A. found B. find C. finded






6.



















your
mother
to work last Saturday?
A.
Did,
go B.
Do,
go C.
Does,
go



not late the day before
yesterday.
A. did B. were C. are



8. they away from school last
October?
A. Did B. Were C. Do



9. you to
school last Sunday?
精选

A. Did, come B. Do, come C. Were,
come



they for
breakfast last week?
A. were, have B. did, have C. will,
have




friend his
homework
fifteen
minutes
ago.
A. finish B. finishes C.
finished




boys only
subjects
last
term,
but
this
term they five.
A. have, have B. had, had C. had,
have



Ann TV
last night ?

A. didn’t, watch B. don’t watch C.
doesn’t watch








stopped
here
because
they
the way to the station.

A. didn’t know B. don’t know C.
will know
精选




15---Where you find your ticket?
----I it on the ground.
A. did, found B. do, found C. were,
find

.
现在进行时
.








t
you
see
Uncle
Wang
and
his
friends
some machines?
A. is makig B. are making




father TV
with
my
mother
now.
A. watch B. watching C. is
watching






3.I

s
six
o

clock
in
the
evening,
My
family
supper at the table.
A. eats B. is eating C.
are eating



4. Lucy
and
Lily to
speak
Chinese
with Miss Gao.
A.
Is,
try B.
Is
trying C.
Are, trying




dog itself
outside
the
door.
A. is washing B. wash C.
washes
精选








students
in
Class
One
carefully to their English teacher.
A.
is
listening












B.
is
looking
C. are listening



! The children in the open
air.
A.
singing















B.
is
singing
C. are singing





s
the
matter,
Li
Lei? I for
my pen.
A. am look B. am looking C.
look








s
go
into
the
classroom.
The
bell .
A.
ringing















B.
is
ringing
C. is ring




man
is
badly
hurt
and
he on
the
road
sadly.
A.
is
lying B.
are
lying C.
lieing

.
一般将来时
.



students back in two hours.
精选

A.
come B.
is
coming C.
came



you with
your
classmates
this Sunday afternoon?
A.
are,
do
















,
do
C. will do



an English party in our
class this evening.
A.
will
have















B.
are
going
to
have .C. is going to be



4. Wei Hua visit the Great Wall
during this summer holiday?
,
going
to













B.
Is,
going
to
C. Will, going to

























they
leave for Beijing?
A.
will,
going














.B.
will,
/
C. do, going to



6.---Where are you going ?
---I the shops for some fruit.
A.
am
going
to B.
go
to C.
shall
going to go to







oranges


















they
精选

to buy?
A.
are,
going B.
will,
going ,
going



mother says that she buy me a
schoolbag better than this one.
A. is B. shall C.
will




Green
is
afraid
that
Jim behind
the
other
students after he comes back.
A.
will

fall




















B.
will
fell
going to fell



students in my class harder than
before this term.
A. is going to study B. will going to study
C. will study
现在完成时

现在完成时的结构:

主语
+

have(has) +
过去分词”


1
) 现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作
(常与
yet

already

just
连用)
,或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续
到现在的情况(常与
for

since
连用)
。例如:

1

I have just finished my homework.
2

Mary has been ill for three days.
精选

注意:与
for ,since
连用的动词必须用延续性动词,而不能用短暂
性动词如:
come

be here go
——
be there join
——
be a
member borrow
——
keep leave
——
be away
等等


2
)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:
since,
for,
during,
over
等引导出的短语;副词
already, yet, just, ever, now, before,
often,
lately,
recently
等;状语词组
this
week
(morning,
month,
year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present
等。
例如:

1

I haven

t been there for five years.
2

So far, she hasn

t enjoyed the summer vacation.
3

There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
◆◇一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换

一般过去时
:
与之搭配的时间副词常用的有
:Yesterday, last week, last year,
at 5:30 , last weekend, last month.
有时用
on weekend, this
morning





:








:ever,
never,
yet,
still,
already

in the past ten years; in my life; today
Examples:
Linda still hasn’t finished her homework.

Stanley
has
already
gotten
bored
with
the
life
here
in
Toronto.
Have you ever gone to Paris?
精选

I have gone to the post office twice today.
2


过去完成时


1
)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个 过去的时间可
以用
by

before
等介词短语或一个时间状语从 句来表示;或者表示
一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。
{
表示“过去的过去


}
例如:

1

We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
2

By
the
end
of
last
year
they
had
turned
out
5,
000
bicycles.

3
)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:

1

by (the end of ) +
过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。
例如:

The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday
afternoon.
八种时态的比较

一般现在时和现在进行时

a.
一般现在时:
重复发生的习惯性动作和真理。

标志性的时间副词:

always often frequently usually sometimes every day
every week every month occasionally once a month once
a month once a year seldom rarely never
Examples

She goes shopping every week.
He reads Business News every morning.
He seldom goes dancing.
精选

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