raf英语专业大一背诵篇目

2021年1月24日发(作者：concrete)
.
A Tale of Two Cities (excerpt)
狄更斯在《双城记》一书的开头就说，“这是一个最好的时代，也是一个最坏的时代”。

妙哉斯言！这段文字中多个平行句所表达的希望与绝望、光明与黑暗、理想与现实一直深深

地打动读者。文中句型的反复、形式上的对偶、内容上的对比、总体结构上的平行（排比），

都值得我们细细体味。

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of
wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was
the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of
darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had
everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct
to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.


——

Charles Dickens



[
注释
]
：

wisdom
: a wise outlook, plan, or course of action
智慧，明智的行为，学识


epoch
: a particular period of history, especially one considered remarkable or noteworthy age, era,
period
新纪元，时代，时期


incredulity
: the state or quality of being incredulous; disbelief
怀疑


despair
: to lose all hope
绝望，失望




查尔斯·狄更斯（
1812
—
1870），英国大名鼎鼎的作家，是
19
世纪英国现实

主义文学的主要代表。他笔耕一生，靠勤奋和汗水创作出《大卫·科波菲尔》、

《双城记》等世界名著。他的作品以妙趣横生的幽默、细致入微的心理分析

以及现实主义描写与浪漫主义气氛的有机结合而著称。



















































(85 words)

Spring Song
布莱克的诗读起来朗朗上口，有音乐的美感，充满感性，喜欢的人很多。希望你也喜欢。

Spring is coming, spring is coming,


Birdies, build your nest;


Weave together straw and feather,


Doing each your best.



Spring is coming, spring is coming,


Flowers are coming too:


.
.
Pansies, lilies, daffodillies


Now are coming through.



Spring is coming, spring is coming,


All around is fair,


Shimmer and quiver on the river,


Joy is everywhere.


——

William Blake





[
注释
]
：

straw
: a single stalk of threshed grain
稻草，麦秆


pansies
, lilies, daffodillies:
三色紫罗兰、百合花、喇叭水仙花


sahimmer
: to shine with a subdued, flickering light
微光


quiver
: to shake with a slight, rapid, tremulous movement
颤抖，振动




William Blake
，

布莱克（
1757—
1827
），英国诗人，著有诗集《天真之歌》
(1789)
《经验之

歌》（
1794
）。他最重要的绘画有《坎特伯雷香客》和《雅各的梦》。




Youth
20
世纪初塞缪尔·厄尔曼写的这篇不足
500
字的短文《青春》一直为世人倾倒，过了

这么多年它的魅力依旧。因为它给予了一种启示，教我们如何美好地生活。

Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy
cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the
imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep
springs of life.


Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over
timidity of the appetite, for adventure over the love of ease. This often
exists in a man of sixty more than a boy of twenty. Nobody grows old
merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.


Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the
soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to
dust.


.
.
Whether sixty or sixteen, there is i
n every being’s heart the lure of

wonder, the unfailing child-
like appetite of what’s next, and the joy of the

game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless
station; so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage
and power from men and from the infinite, so long are you young.


When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of
cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at
twenty, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch the waves of optimism,
there is hope you may die young at eighty.


——

Samuel Ullman



[
注释
]
：

rosy cheeks
:
玫瑰花般的脸颊


supple
: readily bent; pliant
柔软的


vigor
: physical or mental strength, energy, or force
精力，活力


temperamental
: excessively sensitive or irritable; moody
心情变化快的，喜怒无常的


predominance
: the state or quality of being predominant; preponderance
优势


timidity
: shy
胆怯的，害羞的


appetite
:
食欲，胃口，欲望，爱好


desert
:
放弃，遗弃


wrinkle
: to draw up into wrinkles; pucker
起皱


enthusiasm
: great excitement for or interest in a subject or cause
狂热，热心，积极性


wireless
:
无线的


infinite
: having no limits
无限的，无穷的


aerial
:
天线


cynicism
: a scornful, bitterly mocking comment or act
玩世不恭，冷嘲热讽


pessimism
: a tendency to stress the negative or unfavorable possible view
悲观，悲观主义


optimism
: a tendency to expect the best possible outcome or dwell on the most hopeful aspects of
a situation
乐观，乐观主义




塞缪尔·厄尔曼，
1840
年生于德国，童年时移居美国。他在古稀之年才开始写作，是一个

了不起的人。（本文由于手抄流传等多种原因，存在多个版本，这里采用作者原文。）


The Garden of Eden
Bible
一词源于希腊文的
biblia
，意思是“书丛”。圣经分为两部分：旧约和新约，包含

有诗歌、法律、历史、预言、训诲、故事、书信等文体。旧约的内容是希伯来人出埃及时，

上帝（耶和华）与人类（希伯来人）所立之旧的盟约以及此盟约的兑现。所谓“约”，即“约

定”的意思。新约是上帝与人类所立的新的盟约，此盟约是以耶稣的圣训和他的生活为基础

的。下面是圣经故事《创世纪》中的一段。

.
.



GOD had made a beautiful garden for the first man and woman to live in.
The garden, called Eden, was full of many wonderful things. Flowers as
beautiful to look at as they were to smell grew everywhere. Soft, green
grass grew under foot. The joyful music of songbirds drifted across gentle,
warm breezes. A clear flowing stream gave cool, fresh water to drink,
while hanging from the limbs of the many trees were all sorts of delicious
fruits. Tasty vegetables grew free for the gathering. In the Garden of Eden
were also all manner of animals, both large and small. Adam and Eve
didn’t have to be afraid of any of the beasts, for all the animals were their

friends. GOD told the man and woman that it was their job to take care of
their new home. He also told them that two special trees grew in the
garden. One was the Tree of Life. The other was the Tree of the
Knowledge of Good and Evil.


GOD told them,
“
You may eat the fruit that grows on all the trees
except for one. You mustn’t touch the fruit that grows on the Tree of the

Knowledge of Good and Evil. If you eat the fruit that grows on that tree
you will die.
”


[
注释
]
：

Eden
: the garden that was the first home of Adam and Eve (
圣经
)
伊甸园，乐园


drift
: something moving along in a current of air or water
飘；漂流


breeze
: a light current of air; a gentle wind
微风


Adam and Eve
:
亚当和夏娃
(
《圣经》中的人物，所谓 的人类始祖
)




英语晨读精华



















(220 words)

American dream

To Americans, industriousness, thrift and ambition are positive values. We
encourage our children to be competitive, to get ahead, to make money, to
.
.
acquire possession. In games and in business alike, the aim is to win the
game, the trophy, the contract. We go in for laborsaving devices, gadgets,
speed and shortcuts. We think every young couple should set up a home of
their own. And we pity the couple who must share their home with their
parent, let alone with other relatives. Actually, of course, not all Americans
hold all these values. And those who do may hold other, and at times
contradictory values that affect their ways of behaving. In the main, however,
the collective expectation of our society is that these are desirable goals, and
the individual, whatever his personal inclination, is under considerable
pressure to conform.

I Have a Dream
马丁·路德·金
(1 929
—
1968)
，美国黑人解放运动的著名领袖，
1968
年被种族主义者刺

杀。
1963
年
8
月
28
日，美国首都华盛顿举行大规模的黑人集会，为黑人争取自由、平等和

就业。马丁·路德·金在会上发表本篇演说。

I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where
they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of
their character.


I have a dream today.


I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governor’s

lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and
nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys
and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white
girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.


I have a dream today.


I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill
and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and
the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall
.
.
be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.


This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South.
With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a
stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling
discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With
this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle
together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing
that we will be free one day.



——
Martin Luther King



[
注释
]
：

Alabama
: a tribe of the Creek confederacy formerly inhabiting southern Alabama and now
located in eastern Texas
阿拉巴马州
(
美国的一个州
)


lip
: either of two fleshy folds that surround the opening of the mouth
嘴唇


drip
: to let fall in or as if in drops (
使
)
滴下


interposition
:
异议


nullification
: the state of being nullified
无效


transform
: to subject (a construction) to a transformation
改变


exalt
:
升高


crooked
: having or marked by bends, curves, or angles
弯曲的


glory
: a highly praiseworthy asset
荣誉，光荣


reveal
: to make known (something concealed or secret)
显示，透露


jangling
:
刺耳的


discord
: inharmonious combination of simultaneously sounded tones; dissonance
意见不合，嘈

杂声


symphony
:
交响乐，交响曲


brotherhood
: the state or relationship of being brothers
手足情谊


jail
: a place for the confinement of persons in lawful detention; a prison
监狱

















(250 words)

Think it over
Today we have higher buildings and wider highways, but shorter
temperaments and narrower points of view;
We spend more, but enjoy less;

We have bigger houses, but smaller families;
We have more compromises, but less time;
.
.
We have more knowledge, but less judgment;
We have more medicines, but less health;
We have multiplied out possessions, but reduced out values;
We talk much, we love only a little, and we hate too much;
We reached the Moon and came back, but we find it troublesome to cross
our own street and meet our neighbors;
We have conquered the outer space, but not our inner space;
We have higher income, but less morals;
These are times with more liberty, but less joy;
We have much more food, but less nutrition;
These are the days in which it takes two salaries for each home, but divorces
increase;
These are times of finer houses, but more broken homes;
That's why I propose, that as of today;
You do not keep anything for a special occasion. because every day that you
live is a SPECIAL OCCASION.

Search for knowledge, read more ,sit on your porch and admire the view
without paying attention to your needs;

Spend more time with your family and friends, eat your favorite foods, visit
the places you love;
Life is a chain of moments of enjoyment; not only about survival; Use your
crystal goblets. Do not save your best perfume, and use it every time you
feel you want it.
Remove from your v
ocabulary phrases like “one of these days” or


Let's write that letter we thought of writing

Let's tell our families and friends how much we love them;

.