pitera大学英语3翻译背诵

2021年1月24日发(作者：死于心脏病)
Unit 1
When we approach the notion of friendship, our first problem is
that there is a lack of socially acknowledged criteria for what makes a
person
a
friend.

In
one
setting,
we
may
describe
someone
as
a
friend;
in
another,
the
label
may
seem
less
appropriate.
Therefore,
people
tend
to
have
a
very
thin
understanding
of
what
friendship
really
means.
To
help
us
understand
what
friendship
really
means,
we need to review some classical views of friendship.


One classical view of friendship is provided by Aristotle, the
famous
ancient
Greek
philosopher.
Aristotle
distinguishes
between
what he believes to be genuine friendships and two other forms: one
based on mutual usefulness, the other on pleasure. So, according to
Aristotle, we may find three kinds of friendship:




Friendship based on utility. Utility is an impermanent thing:
it
changes
according
to
circumstances.
When
the
ground
for
friendship
disappears,
the
friendship
also
breaks
up.
Friendships
of
this kind seem to occur most frequently between the elderly, because
at
their
age
what
they
want
is
not
pleasure
but
utility.
Friendships
based on utility are also frequently found among those in middle or
early
life
who
are
pursuing
their
own
advantage.
Such
persons
do
not spend much time together, because sometimes they do not even
like one another, and therefore feel no need of such an association
unless
they
are
mutually
useful.
They
take
pleasure
in
each
other's
company only in so far as they have hopes of advantage from it.

翻译

1.
以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的。
(Ground; break up)


2.
孩子们必须学会将电脑游戏中的暴力与勇敢区分开来。
(Distinguish between; violence)


3.
当今世界每天涌现如此 多新鲜事物，
要求一个人什么都知晓是
不合情理的。
(Sensible)


4.
诸如背弃朋友

(betrayal to friends)
这类事并不受法律制约，
所以才有了我们称作的“道德法庭”
。

(Regulate)


5.
有人把今天的文化描述为“快餐 文化”
。无论做什么事，人们
只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足。

(Describe as; pursue)


6.
常言说，天下没有免费的午餐。如果你想要什么，就得去挣。
(As the saying goes)


1. The
friendship
grounded
on
common
/
shared
interest
does
not
break
up
easily. / It
is not
easy
for
the
friendship
grounded
on
common / shared interest to break up.

2. Children
must
learn
to
distinguish
between
violence
and
bravery / courage in computer games.

3. There spring up so many new things every day in the world
that it is no longer sensible to expect a person to know / keep track
of everything.

4. Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends; that is
why there is what we call / is called

5. Today
’
s culture is described as
“
fast-food culture
”
. Whatever
they may be / are doing, people just pursue the greatest / maximum
satisfaction within the shortest time.

6.

As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If
you want something, go and earn / work for it.

Unit 3
This
process
can
have
counterproductive
effects.
I
have
an
incentive
to
work
and
earn
more:
it
will
make
me
happier.
So
do
other
members
of
society,
who
also
care
about
their
relative
standard
of
life.
Since
society
as
a
whole
cannot
raise
its
position
relative
to
itself,
the
effort
which
its
members
devote
to
that
end
could be said to be a waste
—
the balance between leisure and work
has been shifted


To
reinforce
the
case,
let
me
explain
it
in
terms
of
status,
which may derive as much from the earning of income as from the
spending of it. People work, in part at least, to improve their status.
But status is a system of ranking: one, two, three and so on. So if one
person improves his status, someone else loses an equal amount. It is
a zero-sum game: private life sacrificed in order to increase status is a
waste from the point of view of society as a whole. That is why the
rat
race
is
sodestructive:
we
lose
family
life
and
peace
of
mind
in
pursuing something whose total cannot be altered.

翻译

1.
千百年来哲学家们费尽心机从各自的角度阐述何为幸福。
(take
pains; point of view)


2
刚上大学时 ，突然发现自己得处理所有日常事物，直到那时自
己才觉得在父母身边生活真是幸

福。
(leave
…

with
…
)


3
你不要总是和别人攀比，否则你可能会陷于忧郁之中，因为毕
竟有许多人比你强。
(comparison; depression)

4
今天人们生活比以前富裕多了，闲暇时间也多了，奇怪的是人
们反而觉得生活乏味了。< br>(better off; leisure)


5.
事实上，
人生是漫长而缺少兴奋的。
如果期待每天都如戏剧般
精彩必定会遭遇失望。
( in effect; inevitable)


6
过于顺利的生活可 能具有破坏性，
因为人们没有机会学会怎样
应对挫折。这能部分解释年轻人居高不下的自杀率。
(destructive;
in
part)



1.
For
thousands
of
years
philosophers
have
taken
pains
to
illustrate
/
explain
/
interpret
the
meaning
of
happiness
from
their
own points of view.