vee八上英语笔记

2021年1月24日发(作者：wellpoint)

1
Unit1

惯用法：

1. buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth

为某人买某物

2. taste + adj.
尝起来……

3. nothing
…
.but + V.(
原形
)
除了……之外什么
都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj

看起来

5. arrive in +
大地方

/ arrive at +
小地方

到达某
地

6. decide to do sth.
决定做某事

7. try doing sth.
尝试做某事

/ try to do sth.
尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth.
喜欢做某事

9. want to do sth.
想去做某事

10. start doing sth.
开始做某事

11. stop doing sth.
停止做某事

15. so + adj + that +
从句




如此……以至于……

16. tell sb. (not) to do sth.
告诉某人（不要）

做某事

17. keep doing sth.


继续做某事

18. forget to do sth.

忘记去做某事

/ forget doing sth


忘记做过某事

词语辨析：
1. anywhere
与

somewhere

两者都是不定副词。

anywhere

在任何地方

，

常用于否定句和疑问句中。
I can
’
t find it anywhere.

somewhere

在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。

I lost my key somewhere near here.

2. seem +
形容词


看起来…
.. You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth.
似乎、好像做某事







I seem to have a cold

I seems / seemed +
从句


看起来好像…；似乎…
.

It seems that no one believe you.

seem like
…
.
好像，似乎…
..



It seems like a good idea.

3. decide to do sth.
决定做某事






They decide to visit the museum.

decide +
疑问词

+
动词不定式


He can not decide when to leave.

4. start doing sth. = start to do sth.
开始，可与
begin
互换

。
He started doing his homework.

但以下几种情况不能用
begin .

1)
创办，开办：

He started a new bookshop last month.

2)
机器开动：

I can’t start my car.

3)
出发，动身：

I will start tomorrow morning.

5. over
介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）
= more than

My father is over 40 years old.

在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与

under
相反。

There is a map over the blackboard.

12. look + adj
看起来

13. dislike doing sth.
不喜欢做某事

14. Why not do sth
？

为什么不做……
.
呢

2
超过：

I hear the news over the radio.

遍及：

I want to travel all over the world.

6. too many
太多，后接可数名词复数：

Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.

too much

太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。

We have too much work to do.







Don
’
t talk too much.

much too

太，修饰形容词或副词。


The hat is much too big for me.












You
’
re walking much too fast.

分辨三者的口诀：

too much, much too,
用法区别看后头：

much
后接不可数，

too
后修饰形或副。

7. because of

介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。

He can
’
t take a walk because of the rain.

because
连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。

I don
’
t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

复合不定代词或副的构成及用法


构成：

由
some, any, no, every
分别加上
-
body,
-
thing,
-< br>one
构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上
-
where
构
成副词。

用法：


（
1
）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。

Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat.

（
2
）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。

There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes
reading.

（
3
）
some-
不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；
any
-
不定代词则多用于否定句、疑 问句中。但
some
-
可用
于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问 句中。

Someone is calling me.

There isn
’
t

anyone else there.

Is anybody over there?

Could you give me something to eat?

（
4
）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。

There is something delicious on the table.

（
5
）
somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere
用作副词。

too many
要记住，后面名词必复数。


3
Flowers come out everywhere.



注：①

形容词修饰不定代词要后置：
anything special











②

不定代词做主语时谓语用单数
.

短语：

go on vacation







stay at home







go to the mountains







go to the beach

visit museums







go to summer camp







quite a few










study for

go out









Unit2

惯用法：

1. help sb. with sth




帮助某人做某事

2. How about
…
?




…
.
怎么样？
/
…
.
好不好？

3. want sb. to do sth.


想让某人做某事

4. How many +
可数名词复数
+
一般疑问句


…
.
有多少…
..

5.
主语
+ find+ that
从句



…发现…

6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth.

做某事是…
.
的

词语辨析：

1.

how often
多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：
once
，
twice, three times
等词语。

How often do you play sports?


Three times a week.

how long

多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。

How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here?

How long is the ruler?

how for
多远，

用来询问距离，指路程的远近。

How far is it from here to the park?

It
’
s about 2
kilometers.


空闲的，有空的，

反义词为

busy.

be free
有空，闲着，相当于

have time.

I
’
ll be free next week. = I
’
ll have time next week.

7. spend time with sb.


和某人一起度过时光

8. ask sb. about sth.


向某人询问某事

9. by doing sth.


通过做某事

10. What’s your favorite
…
..?

你最喜欢的……是
什么？

11 start doing sth.

开始做某事

12. the best way to do sth.
做某事的最好方式

most of the time











taste good







have a good time

of course







feel like









go shopping









in the past








walk around

too many







because of







one bowl of









find out







go on

take photos









something important









up and down









come up

还可作“免费的、自由的”解。
be free to do sth.
自由地做某事。


4
The tickets are free.







You’re

free to go or to stay.

come
？

怎么会？

怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪 ，
有点想不通；
可单独使用，
也可引导一个
问句，

相当于疑问句

why,
但

how come
开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。

How come Tom didn
’
t come to the party? = Why didn
’
t Tom come to the party?

up late

指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”
。

Don
’
t stay up late next time.

stay up
指“熬夜，不睡觉”
。

He stayed up all night to write his story.

to bed
强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。
I went to bed at eleven last

night.

go to sleep
强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”
。



She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.

+
宾语

+
名词
,
发现


：

We have found him (to be) a good boy.

find +
宾语

+
形容词，

发现：

He found the room dirty.

find +
宾语

+
现在分词，

发现

：

I found her standing at the door.

t
百分数，

基数词

+ percent
：

percent
没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。


Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.

Thirty percent of time passed.

than
超过，多于，不仅仅，

相当于

over.
在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。

反义词组为：
less than.













I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.

9. afraid
形容词，

担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。

I
’
m afraid we can
’
t come here on time.

be afraid of sb / sth
害怕某人

/
某事；

be afraid of doing sth.

害怕做某事。

I’m afraid +
从句，

恐怕，

担心：


I’m afraid I have to go now.

10.


sometimes , sometime, some times , some time
的区别：

sometimes
频度副词，

有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中
或句末。

Sometimes I get up very early.
------
How often do you get up?

sometime

副词，某个时候。

表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词
when.

I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.
------
When will you go to Shanghai next week?

some times

名词词组，

几次，几倍。其中
time
是可数名词，对它提问用
how many times.

Some children are afraid of the dark.









Don
’
t be afraid of asking question.


5
I have read the story some times.
-------
How many times have you read the story?

some time
名词短语，

一段时间
.
表示
“一段时间”
时，
句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，
提问时用

How
long.

I ‘ll stay here for some time.
-----
How long will you stay here?

(
一
)
重点句型




1.
-----
What do you usually do on weekends?


-----
I often go to the movies.



(1) on weekends/on the weekend
在周末






















(2) go to the movies

去看电影




(3)
第一个
do
助动词








第二个
do
实意动词

2. hardly ever
几乎从不




hardly ever
相当于

hardly,


ever
起强调作用。

hardly
为副词，意为“几乎不没有）
”
，相当于
almost not
，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定
词。


E.g. She hardly eats anything.

辨析
: hardly
和
hard



hard
作形容词，
意为
“困难的，
艰苦的，
硬的”
；


hardly
意为“几乎不”


3.
----
How often do you watch TV?
----
Twice a week.

(1) how often
意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”
，用来提问频率。

(2) twice a week
一周两次


拓展
:

一次

once


两次

twice
hard
作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”
。



三次或三次以上


基数词
+ times

three times

four times

4. What's your favorite program?

= What program do you like best?

你最喜欢的节目是什么？


6. I go to the movies maybe once a month.
我也许一个月去看一次电影。


maybe
副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”
，常位于句首。

E.g. Maybe he knows the way to the park.

辨析：
maybe
与

may be



maybe
副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”
，常位于句首。






may be
属于“情态动词
+be
动词”结构，意为“可能是”
。




7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.





ask ab. about sth.

询问某人某事

8.

We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use


6
Unit3

短语用法：

1. have fun doing sth.=enjoy doing sth.


享受做某事的乐趣

2. want to do sth.

想要做某事

3. as +
形容词或副词的原级

+ as

与…一样…

4. be good at doing sth=do well in sth.


擅长做某事

5. make sb. do sth.
让某人做某事

6. It’s+
形容词

+ for sb. to do sth..
对某人来说，做某事是……的

词语辨析：

1. laugh v.

n.

笑

2.

辨析：
laugh
与
smile

①

laugh
一般表示
“出声地
(
大
)
笑”
，
不但有面部表情，
而且还有声音。




laugh at...
意为
“嘲笑……；
因……而发笑”
。





E.g. Don
’
t laugh when you have a meal.

②

smile
一般表示
“无声地微笑”
，
指的是面部表情。




smile at...
意为
“向……微笑”
。





E.g. He smiled
at me.

We all laughed at his joke.
听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。

He laughs best who laughs last.
谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
/
不要高兴得太早。

（与
at
连用）嘲笑


Don’t laugh at him.
别嘲笑他。

笑；笑声




We had a good laugh at his joke.
我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。

(
一
)
重点句型




1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.






萨姆和汤姆都会打
鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。






both

(1)
表示“两者都”
，

both
用在含有
be
动词的 句中，应放在
be
动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句
中，应放在行为动词的前面，< br>









(2) both
…
and
…表示“两者都”
，
both. ..and
在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位
置比较灵活。






E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems. (
连接主语
)







The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(
连接谓语
)

拓展：
all
表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，

every
指三个以上的人或物
(
含三个
)
，

2. Tara works as hard as Tina.

塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。






each
指两个以上的人或物
(
含两个
)

7 < br>as...as
意为
“与……一样……”
，
as...as
中 间接形容词或副词的原级。
其否定结构
not as/so...as
意为
“不
如……”
。






E.g. He is as tall as his father.


他和他爸爸一样高。








Tom gets up as early as Jim.
汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。








Lucy isn
’
t as outgoing as Mary.

露西不如玛丽外向。


注意：
(1)
其否定式为
not as/so +adj./adv. +as
。




E.g. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.









(2)
若有修饰成分，如
twice, three times, half, a quarter
等，则须置于第一个
as
之前。






E.g. Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.
你的包比我的贵一倍。


3. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.



不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。




win
此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”
；

win
还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在……中获胜”
，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争
等。




E.g. He won the first prize.








Who won the race
？


辨析：
win
与
beat



win
表示“赢得；获胜”
，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。

E.g. We won the
basketball game.





beat
表示“打赢；战胜”
，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。








E.g. Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100
-
metre race.


(2) though
此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而 ”
，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。




E.g. Jim said that he would come; he didn
’
t, though.



拓展：
though
作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”
，相当于
although
。< br>



E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily.

注意：
al though/though
与
but
不能同时出现在一个句子中。


E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily.







=He has no money, but he lives very happily.



4. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.



但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。


the most important
意为
“最重要的”
，
是important
的最高级形式，
important
的比较级为
mo re important.
形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词
the
。




E.g. I think English is the most important of all the subjects.








8
(2) have fun
意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”
。


E.g. It
’
s a good place to have fun.



5. ....truly cares about me...

care about
关心，在意

take care
当心

take care of
照顾



6. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
我认为好朋友会让我发笑。


(1) make sb. do sth.
意为“让某人做某事”


E.g. His father always makes him get up before five o
’
clock.

拓展：
make
的用法：


①

make
加名词
make food
做饭



make the bed
铺床


make money
赚钱




②

make + sb./sth. + adj.
使某人感到……；使……处于某种状态







E.g. The soft music makes Tina sleepy.



③

make sb./sth. + n.
使某人成为……







E.g. The party made her a good teacher.



④

make sb./sth. +
过去分词

让某人被……







E.g. I made myself understood by all the students.




⑤

make sb./sth. + do sth.
使某人做某事
(
不能带不定式符号
to)






E.g. Wars make the peace go
away.





注意：当
make
用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号
to.



E.g. We were made to work all night.








7. Yes, and a good friend is talented in music, too.





talented
为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”
，其比较级形式为
more talented
。
be talented in
为固
定搭配，表示“在……方面有天赋”
。





E.g. She is a talented musician.

她是一名天才音乐家。








The boy is talented in dancing.
这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。


8. I’m quieter and more serious than most kids.
我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。




(1) serious
为形容词，意为“严肃的；稳重的”
。





E.g. My math teacher is very serious in class.

拓展：

①

nothing serious
意为“没有什么严重的”
。








②

be serious about...
意为“对……认真”
。




E.g. Is she serious about giving up her job
？

9. That’s why I like reading books and studying harder in class.



那就是我在课堂上喜欢读书、学习更刻
苦的原因。






That’s why...
意为“那就是……的原因”
，< br>why
引导的句子作表语，是表语从句。



E.g. That’s why I don
’
t want to leave here.






I got up late, and that
’
s why I missed the bus.

9

10. I
’
m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.





我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容
易。






“
It’s+
形容词
+for sb. to do sth.
”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”
。


E.g. It’s very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day.







.



11. But I think friends are like books
—
you don
’
t need a lot of them as long as they
’
re good.
但是我认为
朋友就像书一样——你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。




as long as
意为“只要；既然”
，引导条件状语 从句，主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词
can
时，所引
导的条件状语从句用一般现在 时表示将来。




can leave here as long as you tell the truth.







You will get good grades as long as you work hard.

12. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me.
然而，
拉里经常帮助我表现出最好的一面。




bring out
意为“使显现；使表现出”
。





E.g. I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.
我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。


拓展：
①

bring out
还意为
“出版；
生产”
。





E.g. The company is bringing out a new sports car.









②

bring out the best/worst in sb.
把某人最好
/
最坏的一面展现出来

E.g. Please tell me how to bring out
the best in me.



13. I don
’
t really care if my friends are the same as me or different.

我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样
还是不同。






if
作连词，意为“是否”
，引导宾语从句，常用于
ask
，
know
，
wonder
，
find out
等动词
(
短语
)
之后。

E.g. I don
’
t know if he is at home.







He asks me if I like music.
14. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动
你心扉的人。






(1) reach for sth.
意为“伸手取某物”
，
reach
此处作不及物动词，意为“伸手”
。



E.g. He reaches for the box, but he is too short.

拓展：
reach
作及物动词，
意为
“到达；
抵达”
。





辨析：
reach, get to
与
arrive



①

reach
为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。





E.g. They reached Hangzhou yesterday.



②

get to
后接地点名词，如果接
there
，
here
或
home
等地点副词，
t o
必须省略


E.g. How did you get
to the station
？




③
arrive
为不及物动词，后接地点名词时必须加介词
at
或
in。到达国家、城市等大的地方用
in
，到
迭学校、商店等小的地方用
at
。接
there
，
here
或
home
等地点副词 时不用介词
in
或
at
。






E.g. I arrived at the company three hours
ago.







E.g. When will you reach Beijing
？



1
0


They arrived in Hangzhou yesterday.




2) touch
及物动词，意为“感动；触摸”
。




E.g. The sad story touched us.







Unit4

惯用法

I ask you some…?
我能问你一些
……
吗？

如：
Can I ask you some questions?

(some
用在疑问句中表示委婉语气、建议，不能换成
any
）

do you like…? =What do you think of…?
你认为
……
怎么样？

如：
How do you like it so far? =What do you think of it so far?
到目前为止你认为它怎么样？

for doing sth.
因做某事而感谢。

如：
Thanks for telling me.
谢谢你告诉我。

4. the +
序数词
+
形容 词最高级
+
可数名词单数
.“
第几
…
的
…”

如：
He is the second tallest boy in the class.

+ adj./adv.
的比较级


“……
得多
”
，即
much
可以修饰比较级。

如：
He is much better than other actors at finding the most interesting roles.
他比其他演员更擅长找到最
有趣的角色。

sb. do sth.
观看某人做某事

如：
It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.
观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。

a role in doing sth.
发挥做某事的作用
/
在做某事方面扮演重要的角色

如：
When people watch the show,they usually play a role in deciding the winner.
当人们观看表演时，
他们
通常在决定冠军方面发挥作用。

8. one of the +
最高级
+
可数名词复数

（意为
“
最
...
之一
”
，做主语时看做单数
)< br>
如：
One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River.

注意：
“one of +
形 容词性物主代词
/
名词所有格
+
可数名词复数
”=“a/an +< br>可数名词单数
+of+
名词性物主
代词
/
名词所有格
”

如：
one of my friends=a friend of mine
我的一个朋友

如：
one of the boy’s habits=a habit of the boy’s
这个男孩的一个习惯

9.
形容词最高级与比较级的转换，变成：

①
形容词比较级
+than any other +
单数名词

②
形容词比较级
+than the other +
复数名词

③
形容词比较级
+than anyone else

如：
Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.


He touched his son
’
s head lightly.


1
1



= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.



= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.



= Mike gets to school earlier than anyone else in his class.



= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.

注意：
Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom's class.

难句解析

1.
---
What’s the best clothes store in town?
城里最好的的服装店是哪家？



---
I think Miller’s is the best.
我觉得米勒的服装店是最好的。

解析：

①
此句中
best
是
good
的最高级形式，其前应加定冠词
the
。

②in town
在城镇，
town
前加不加任何冠词或修饰成分。但是
in the city
在城市；
in the country
在乡
村，在农村。
city/country
前加定冠词
the
。

如：
Do you like living in town or in the city?
你喜欢住在城镇还是住在城市里？

go to town
去镇上。

go to the city
去城里
③
此句中

Miller’s
是名词所有格的形式，表示场所、店铺等意义。如：

the barber’s
理发店

the doctor’s
诊所

my uncle’s
我叔叔家

④clothes
本身是复数形式，后面动词应用复数。

Clothing
是复合名词，衣服的总称，没有复数形式，后面动词应用单数。

如：
The clothes in that shop are expensive.
那家店的衣服贵。

All the clothing in the shop is very cheap.
这家店里的衣服很便宜。

2. It has the most comfortable seats.
它有最舒适的座位。

can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.
因为它们有最大的座位所以你可
以坐得最舒服。

解析：
①comfortable
为形容词，意为
“
舒适的
”
，用来修饰
seats
。
most comfortable
是它的最高级形
式，在句中使用时，要在其最高级前加
the.

②Comfortably
为
comfortable
的副词，
意 为
“
舒服地；
舒适地
”
，
用来修饰它前面的
sit
，
most comfortably
是它的最高级形式。在句中使用时，其最高级前可以加
the
也可以不加。

类似的词在本单元还有许多。例如：

beautiful
－
bea utifully
，
cheap
－
cheaply
，
car eful
－
carefully
等

4. It’s the closest to home.
它离家最近。

解析：
1)close
在此句中为形容词，
意为
“
近的，
接近的
”
，既可指时间，
也可以指空间上的。
closest
为
形容词

close
的最高级形式。
其反义词为
far,
近义词为
near
。
在表达
“
离
……
近
”
时，用
（
be
）
close to
结

1
2

构。

如：
The post office is close to the park.
邮局离公园近。

He sat close to us.
他挨着我们坐。

拓展：
①close/near

close
与
near< br>都意为
“
近的
”
，但
close
比
near
表达的距离更近，相当于
very near
，可以近至几乎相接
触，而near
意为
“
附近的；邻近的。
”

如：
My home is near our school.
我家离我们学校很近。

②close
还是一个动词，意为< br>“
关；关闭
”
。其反义词为
open
。例如：

Please close the windows before leaving.
离开前请将窗户关上。

③close
还可意为
“
亲密的
”

如：
You are my close friend.
你是我最亲密的朋友。

2
）
home
在这里为名词，意为
“
家
”.

注意：包含
“爱；温暖；舒适；安全
”
等意义，通常不用冠词修饰。

如：
Home is where the heart is.
心在哪里，哪里就是家。

’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.
观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。

解析：
①It’s interesting to do sth.
意思是

“
做某事有趣
”
，
它是
It’s +adj+to do sth.
句型的一种形式，
it
作
形式主语，
to do sth.
是真正的主语。

如：
It’s very interesting to play computer games.
玩电脑游戏很有趣。

②watch
在句中是感官动词。

watch sth.
意为
“
观 看某人做了某事或经常观看某人做某事
”
，强调
“
观看动作的全过程
”
。

如：
I watched them play football the whole afternoon.
整个下午我在看他们踢足球。

watch sth.
则表示
“
观看某人正在做某事
”
强调
“
动作正在进行
”
。

如：
I’m watching them playing football.
我正在观看他们踢足球。

③hear
，
see, feel, notice
等感官动词的用法与
watch
一致。例如：

I saw him get on the bus.
我看见他上了公共汽车。
（动作已完成）

I saw him getting on the bus.
我看见他正在上公共汽车。
（动作正在进行
)

注意：后接不带
to
的动词不定式做宾补的动词有：

三眼，两耳，一注意，加上三个小使役，半个
help
莫忘记。即：

三眼：
look at, see, watch

两耳：
hear, listen to

一注意：
notice

三个小使役：
have , let , make

be close to home.
离家近


1
3

help
后面的动词不定式作宾补时，
to
可有可无。

6. Thanks for telling me.
谢谢你告诉我。

解析：
Thanks for doing sth.
因做某事而感谢。
=Thank sb. for doing sth.

如：
---
Thanks a lot for your help.
非常感激你的帮助。
---
You are welcome.

7. No problem

解析：不用客气（主要用于美国英语）
；没问题。

如：
---
Thank you.

---
No problem at all/ You are welcome.

如：
---
Could you post me for this letter?

---
No problem.

kinds of people join these shows.
各种各样的人都可参加这些表演。

解析：
1)all kinds of
意为
“
各种类型的，
各种各样的
”
，
kind
此处作可数名词，
意为
“
种类，
类别
”
，
different
kinds of
，意为
“
不同种类的
”
。

如：
There are many different kinds of animals in the zoo.
动物园里有许多不同类型的动物。

拓展：
①kind of ,
意为
“
有点儿
”=a little.
修饰形容词或副词。

如：
I feel kind of hungry.
我感觉有点饿。

②kind
作形容词，意为
“
和蔼的
”
，
be kind to “
对
…
和蔼
”

如：
She is very kind to children.
她对孩子们非常和蔼。

2) join
，
v.
加入，参加（加入人群、团体、组织和机构等）

拓展：
join/join in/ take part in

①join
：加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，不可用
join in
。

如：

He will never forget the day when he joined the Party.
他永远也忘不了他入党的那一天。

His brother joined the army three years ago.
他哥哥是三年前参军的。

join
：还可解释为
“
连接
”
。如：

The railway joined the two cities.
铁路把两个城市连接起来了。

The two clauses are joined by a conjunction.
两个分句由一个连词连接起来。

②join in
：多指参加小规模的活动如
“
球赛、游戏
”
等，常用于日常口语。


Why didn't you join in the talk last night?
昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？

注意：如果说
“
与其人一起做某事
”
，则用
join sb. in sth. / doing sth.
。

如：

May I join in the game?
我可以参加这个游戏吗？

Come and join us in the discussion.
来和我们一起讨论吧！

We are having supper now. Would you like to join us?
我们正在吃晚饭，你也来和我们一起吃好吗？