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不客气英语怎么说初一上学期英语笔记

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2021-01-24 03:08
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2021年1月24日发(作者:extranet)
























Starter Units 1-3
1

How are you?
用于朋友间的问候








How do you do?
用于初次见面



s this in English? It

s a/an


+
语言:用何种语言。


用在以元音音标开头的可数名词或字母之前:
an egg/apple/orange/uncle/hour


a
用在以辅音音标开头的可数名词或字母之前:
a pen/useful book


e.g.:There is an

m

and an

a

in the word

man



an:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,
a:b,c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,w,v,y,z,
5.
如何描述一件物品:
It

s a/an+
颜色
+
物品
=The
物品
is+
颜色。

Unit 1
1.

be
动词的用法:
I

am

You

are

Is
连着他
.

.
它,
单数用
is

复数名词要用
are.
2.

形容词性物主代词
:
后面一定要跟名词。

我的
My,你的
Your
,你们的
Your
他的
his,
她的her,
它的
its;

/

/
它们的
their
,我
们的
our


3.

人称代词:放在动词前或句首做主语。


I,

You< br>,他
He,

She,

It,
我们
We< br>,你们
You
,他
/

/
它们
They

4.
中文名:姓氏在前,名字在后。


英文名:名字在前,姓氏在后,有些中间还有中间名。

J
:名字:
first name=given name.

姓氏
: last name=family name.

中间名:
middle name.
e name=last name+first name
English name=first name+middle name+last name
/Mrs/Miss+
姓氏(
last name


The+
姓氏复数:表示一家人或夫妇俩,是复数概念。

Dear Edward,
I

m so happy to
be your name is
kelly.I

m
from
Dongguan.I live in
Xiangyang Road.I study in middle school.I am in Grade 1.I like playing basketball
and swimming.I like pop music.
Yours,
Kelly
重点短语
(Unit 1)


Nice to meet you.
很高兴认识你。



answer the question.
回答问题。



telephone number.
电话号码。



last name=family name.
姓氏。



first name=given name.
名字。



ID card.
省份证。



What

s your name?
你叫什么名字?



His name is Tony.
他的名字叫
Tony




Her phone number is 1234.
他的电话号码是
1234


Me(Unit 1)
My name is Jack. I

m a boy.I

m 12 years old.I

m tall and favourite
colrs are black and white.I like chicken and tomatoes very e they are

favourite
subject
is
e
it
is
fun.
I
like
listening
to
music
and reading books. I like playing basketball, best friend is are
classmates.I like my new e it is big and beautiful.

Unit 2
1.

指示代词:
this
表示“这个”

that
表示“那个”
,是单数概念。

these
表示“这些”

those
表示“那些”
,是复数概念。


1


在回答
this

that时用
it
来代替,回答
these

those
时用< br>they
来代替。


2


在介绍他人时用
This is
……


3


在电话用语中,称自己为
this,
称对方为
that


2.

一般疑问句:带有
Be
动词的要把
Be
动词 放句首,用
Yes

No
来回答。

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词前加一般疑问句。

3.

形容词性物主代 词:
My,Our,Your,Your,His,Her,Its,Their.
后面一定要 跟名词。

名词性物主代词:
Mine,Ours,Yours,Yours,His,
Hers,Its,Theirs.
后面不能跟名词。

4

人称代词主格
:I,We,You,You,He,She,It,They.
在句中做主语 ,
放在动词前面或句子开头

人称代词宾格:
Me,Us, You,You,Him,Her,It,Them.
在句中做宾语,放在动词或介词后面。
sb at
……
(
打某个电话号码给某人
)
the lost and found case
在失物招领处的箱子里。

(
寻物启事)

1.
标题
2.
丢失的东西
3.
失者的名字
4.
联系电话。

(
失物招领
)

1.< br>标题
2.
拾到的东西
3.
询问某物是不是失者的
4.
联系人
5.
联系电话。


重点短语
(Unit 2)

an eraser.
一个橡皮擦。


my backpack.
我的书包。


his sharpenper.
他的铅笔刀。


two dictionaries.
两本字典。


call sb at.
打某个电话给某人。


in the lost and found case.
在失物招领箱内。


a set of.
一套。


play computer games.
打电脑游戏。


her school ID card.
他的校卡。


play baseball.
打棒球。

My School Things(Unit 2)
I have many school things.I have a is is parents
give
it
to
me.I
have
a
new
pencil
case.
It
is

are
some
pens
and
pencils,an
eraser and a ruler in it.I have two is in English,the other is in
are fun and colorful.
I like my school e they help me a lot. They are my good friends


Unit 3
1.

向别人介绍某人用:
This is


That is,These are

Those are.
2.

询问某事物身份时用:
Is this/that

? Yes,it is./No,it isn

t.
Are these/those

? Yes,they are./No,they aren

t.
Is he/she

? Yes,he/she is. No,he/she isn

t.
Are they

? Yes,they are. No,they aren

t.
3.

family tree
家谱


1


表示“家庭”时,是单数可数名词。
I have a big family.

2


表示“家人”时,是集体名词,是复数概念。
My family are watch TV.
4.

thanks for sth.
感谢某事物。
thanks for doing sth.
感谢某人做了某事。

thanks for your letter. thanks for helping me.
5.

the photo of my family=my family photo.
我的全家福。

6.

英文书信的格式:

称呼:
Dear xxx,
结束语:
Please write me soon.
署名:
Yours,
xxx.

重点短语
(Unit 3)

family tree.
家谱


thanks for sth.
感谢某事物。


thanks for doing sth.
感谢你做了某事。


my family photo=the photo of my family.
全家福。


These are my parents.
这是我的父母亲。


Those are my friends.
那些是我的朋友。


Is this your aunt? No,it isn

t.
这是你的阿姨吗?不,不是。


Is that your cousin? Yes,it is.
那是你的表弟吗?是的。


7
.可数名词单数边复数的规律:


1
)一般直接
+S.

2
)以
S,X,ch,sh
结尾的通常
+es.
(3)
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的改
y

i
再加
es.

4
)以
o
结尾的,有生命力的
+e s,
无生命力的
+s.

5
)以
f,fe
结尾的 ,改
f,fe

V
再加
es.
(6)
不规则变化:

man

men woman

women foot

feet tooth

teeth child

children mouse

mice
(7)
单复数相同:
sheep deer



8
)表示民族的名词。


中日不变英法变,其余
S
加后面。

Chinese

Chinese Japanese

Japanese Englishman

Englishmen Frenchman

Frenchmen
(9)
有些名词常用复数
:glasses,pants,shoes,socks,shorts.
(10)
两个名词组成的名词词组常在最后一个名词后面
+S.
apple trees,twin sisters,girl students.


但如果前面的名词是
man

womon
时, 两个名词都要变复数。

two men teachers,three women doctors.

My family(Unit 3)
My name is Tom Green. My first name is Tom. My last name is

This
my famliy are 9 people in my family.
These
are
my
grandparents.
They
are
old.
They
are
at
home

are
very
kind
and love children very are my
father is a is tall
and mother is a helps many work is me.
I wear glasses.I am a this is my little brother. He is is my
is a is my is young and that is my
is a good boy.
I love my family.






Unit 4
1.

方位介词:



in


里面



on


上面



under


下面



in front of


前面



behind


后面



beside


旁边



near


附近



next to
紧挨着



between




之间

2.
方位介词的区别:


in front of


前面


in the tree.
(外来事物)站在树上

in the front of


的前半部分
on the tree.
生长在树上



in the wall
镶嵌在墙上


in bed
生病在床

on the wall
挂在墙上
on the bed (
某物品
)
放在床上



in hospital
生病住院

in the hospital
在医院工作




“拿走,带到”指把某人或某物从说话人处带到别处。

bring

“带来,拿来”指把某人或某物从别处带到说话人处。

4.

定冠词
the
的用法:



特指某个具体的人或事物。



上文提到过的人或事物。



用在序数词,形容词最高级前面。



用在世界上独一无二的事物前面。



用在乐器前面。



与某些形容词连用,表示一些人或事物。



用在姓氏的复数名词前面,表示一家人。


5.

som e:
用在肯定句中
;
如果用在一般疑问句中,表示希望得到对方肯定的回答。

any:
用在否定句和一般疑问句中;如果用在肯定句中,表示“任何一个”是单数概念。
两者都表示“一些”后面都接可数名词复数或者不可数名词。

e.g. I have some English books.
I don

t have any English books.
Do you have any English books?
Would you like some bananas? Yes,I

d like.
6.

祈使句:表示命令和请求的句子,常省略主语
You.


肯定句:以动词原形开头。
e.g. Open the door,please. Bring the homework to me.


否定句:在动词原形前面
+don

t

e.g. Don

t close the window.

My Bedroom(Unit 4)
I have a

s clean and tidy.
Look!This is my

s purple.I
t’
s small but soft(
柔软的
).I have two
is on the other is on the parents give them to
endtable is next
to the
photo
and
lamp are on
school ID
card is
in the
my shoes are on the floor.
And that is my desk.I often study are some flowers on are

hat
is
on
the
chair
and
my
backpack
is
behind
the
door.I
like
them
very
much because they are very nice.

重点短语(
Unit 4




an alarm clock
一个闹钟



in the drawer
在抽屉里



on the sofa
在沙发上



on the floor
在地板上



under the dresser
在梳妆台下



his math book
他的数学书



take

to




带到




bring

to




带来




video tape
录像带



The plant is on the chair
这盆植物在椅子上。

?

There are some books on the table.
有一些书在桌子上。

?

Somethings are on the desk.
一些东西在课桌上。



Unit 5
1.

一般现在时的肯定句有两种:


1


含有
be
动词的句子。


2


含有实义动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数是,实义动词 要加
s

es


2.

一般现在时中,当句子主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式要作下列变化:


1


一般动词在句尾加
s



2


以字母
s,x,ch,sh
结尾的动词加
es



3


以辅音字母加
y
结尾的,改
y< br>为
i
,再加
es



4


动词
have
的第三人称单数是
has


3.

含有实义动词的否定句结构:

主语
+don

t/doesn

t+
动词原形。
(主语是第三人称单数时用< br>doesn

t


4.

含有实义动词的一般疑问句结构:

Do/Does+
主语
+
动词原形
.
(主语是第三人称单数时用
does



5.

have
表示“有,拥有”通常是人拥有某物,强调所属的意思,其三 单形式是
has


There be
句型表示“在某地方有某物”强调存在意思。

e.g. There is a book on the desk.
I have many books.

6.

let

s do sth.
让我们做某事。常用于提出建议,句子动词用原形。

let sb do sth.
让某人做某事。
sb
要用代词宾格形式。

e.g. let

s play basketball.
let him come in.

7.

sound

“听起来”是系动词,后面跟形容词。

sound like

“听起来像

”后面跟名词。

e.g. That sounds good.
That sounds like a good idea.
二.常见的时间介词:


表示具体的时间,如具体的星期几,具体的日期。


表示某年,某月,某季节或早上,下午,晚上等。


用在时刻和中午的前面。

4.
时间表示的排列顺序,遵循小时间到大时间的表示方法。


四.常见介词短语:


a lot of

许多



a pair of

一对



at home
在家


from

to








get to


到达



listen to






look at






look for


寻找



on holiday
度假


play with







?
wait for
等待




重点短语(
Unit 5



play basketball
打篮球


tennis racket
网球拍


play volleyball
打排球


let

s do sth=let us do sth
让我们做某事。


let sb do sth
让某人做某事


That sounds boring
听起来很无聊。


sports club
体育俱乐部


an interesting book
一本有趣的书


watch TV
看电视


watch them on TV
在电视上收看他们。

?
a greatsports collection
许多体育收藏品

?
play sports
进行体育运动

?
It is fun to play computer games
打电子游戏是很有趣的。

?
I think it is difficult.
我认为这很困难。



作文范文(
Unit5


My name is Tom.I am in Class3,Grade1.I have a collection of school things
I have 4 erasers and 5 pencil cases.I have 6 are colorful and helpful.
I like them very much.
My
good
friend
is

often
plays
sports
with
me
after

has
a
great
sports has 3 basketball,2 volleyball and one soccer likes
playing
basketball
because
it
is
interesting
and

doesn

t
like
playing
soccer
because it is doesn

t have a thinks it is difficult to play
tennis.


Unit 6
1.
不可数名词(
un.
)主要有以下几类:

1
)液体类:
water,milk,tea,coffee,coke,ju ice,soup,oil(

)



2


肉类:
meat,pork,beef,mut ton,chicken,fish



3
)物质类:
a ir,momey,,,bread,rice,paper,rain,ice,snow,wind,clo ud,weather



4
)抽象概念派:
time, news(
新闻
),homework,work,adivce(
建议
), information(
信息
)


2.
不可数名词用法:


1
)只有单数形式,没有复数形式。


2
)不 能直接用
a,an,one,two,three
来修饰,但可以用
some,lot s of
来修饰。


3
)作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
e.g. There is some water in the glass



4
)用代 词代替不可数名词时,用单数
it
,不能用
they

them

3.
不可数名词的数量表达,要借助数量词:

piece
一块
/

/

glass
一玻璃杯
cup
一杯
basket
一篮
bottle
一瓶

e.g. a piece of meat
一块肉
a glass of juice
一杯果汁

two cups of tea
两杯茶
three bottles of milk
三瓶奶

4.

既可以做可数名词又可以做不可数名词的有:


1


orange
:橙汁(
un.


橙子(
cn.



2


chicken
:鸡肉(
un.


小鸡(
cn.



3


glass
:玻璃(
un.


玻璃杯(
cn.



4


work
:工作(
un.


作品,著作(
cn.



5


fish
:鱼肉(
un.


鱼的种类(
cn.



6


room
:空间(
un.


房间(
cn.



7


paper
:纸张(
un.


文件,报纸,试卷(
cn.



8


wood
:木头(
un.


小森林(
cn.


5.

like
的用法
:

1
)喜欢某事物

=like+
可数名词复数

=like+
不可数名词


3


like doing sth
喜欢做某事

like to do sth
愿意做某事。

e.g. He likes tomatoes. I don't like broccoli.
She likes swimming. They like to read books now.
6

some
后面可以跟可数名词 复数也可以跟不可数名词,常用在肯定句中,如果用在一般疑
问句中表示希望得到对方肯定的回答。

后面跟可数名词复数,
much
后面跟不可数名词。
lots of=a lot of
,后面既可以跟
可数名词又可以跟不可数名词。

8
.动词加
er
构成执行此动词的人:

run

runner work

worker teach

teacher sing

singer
dance

dancer clean

cleaner drive

driver wait

waiter
write

writer
9

what do you have for breakfast


你早餐吃什么?

I have
……
for breakfast.
我早餐吃
……




作文范文(
Unit 6


I
have
a
good

name
is
Chen

is
a
good
boy,He
is
12
years
old.
He is in Class 3,Grade lives in telephone number is 12345.
There are 4 people in his are his father,mother,sister and him.
His father is a mother is
a and his sister are
work hard.
His
favourite
colors
are
green
and

likes
listening
to
music
and
playing
e it is interesting and relaxing.
He has 10 basketballs at are under the likes them very much.



重点短语(
Unit 6



like sth
喜欢某事物


like doing sth=like to do sth.
喜欢做某事


a lot of=lots of
许多,大量


running star
跑步明星


healthy food
健康食物


she likes tomatoes.
她喜欢西红柿。


He doesn

t like salad.
他不喜欢沙拉。


what do you have for breakfast?
你早餐吃什么?


I have chicken and hamburgers for lunch.
我吃鸡肉和汉堡包做午餐。


10

good

形容词

adj

好的。
①可以修饰名词
②可以和
Be
动词或者系动词

look

sound

smell

taste
)连用。


11

well
:形容词(
adj
)身体好的。
(只与Be
动词连用)


副词(
adv)好地,很棒地,修饰动词(除了
Be
动词和系动词)




作文范文(
Unit 1-6


I

m Li Min.I

m a middle school student.I like fruits and e
they are healthy.I don

t like strawberries because they are breakfast,I
have eggs and lunch,I have chicken and dinner,I have fish
and tomatoes.I eat lots of healthy helps me study well.
My good friend is Han is tall and likes hamburgers very
much
because
they
are

doesn

t
like
pears
of
oranges
because
they
are
too

drinks
milk
every

has
carrots
for

has
salad
for
want to keep healthy.

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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