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初二英语笔记整理
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
一、重点语法:不定代词的用法
1. someone, anybody, anyone, no one, everyone
指人;
Something, anything, nothing,
everything
指物;
2. something
,someone
,
somebody
通常用于肯定句中,而
anythi ng
,
anyone
,
anybody
一
般用于否定句,疑 问句中。
3.
复合不定代词
+
形容词
4.
在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问
句,以及 表示反问的问句中,也用
something
,
someone
,
s omebody
等复合不定代词。
例如
. Would you like something to eat
?
当
anything
表示“ 任何事(物)
,无论何事(物)
”
,
anyone
,
any body
表示“无论谁,任何
人”等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。
【典型例题】
1.
I am
hungry.
I
want
_
__B_
__
to
eat.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
everything
D.
nothing
2.
--Do
you
have__
_D_
to
say
for
yourself?
--No,
I
have
_____to
say.
A.
something;
everything
B.
nothing;
something
C.
everything;
anything
D.
anything;
nothing
二、重点短语
on
vacation
去度假
at home
待在在家
to the mountains
去爬山
to the beach
去沙滩
museums
参观博物馆
to summer camp
去夏令营
a few
相当多,不少
8. go out
出去
of the time
大多数时间
good
尝起来不错
a good time
玩得高兴
course
当然
shopping
去购物
around
…
到处走走
many
太多
e of
因为
bowl of
一碗·
·
·
quite a few photos
拍一些照片
ing important
重要的事情
up
升起
out
查明,找出
a diary
写日记
on
继续
三、重点句型
1. ---Where did you go on vacation? ---I went to New York City.
2.
---Did
you
go
out
with
anyone? --No,
No
one
was
here.
Everyone
was
on
vacation.
3. ---Did you buy anything special? --Yes, I bought something for my father.
---No, I bought nothing.
4. ---How was the food? ---Everything tasted really good.
5. ---Did everyone have a good time? ---Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.
四、重点单词用法
1. buy sth for sb. / buy sb. sth
为某人买某物
2. seem + (to be) +
形容词
看起
来…
3. arrive in +
大地点
arrive at +
小地点
到达某地
4. decide to do sth.
决定做某
事
5.
try
doing sth.
尝试做某事
try
to
do sth.
尽力做某事
6.
enjoy
doing
sth.
喜
欢做某事
7. start doing sth.
开始做某事
8. dislike doing sth.
不喜欢做某事
9. so+
形容词
+that+
从句
如此…以至于
10 feel like doing sth./want to do sth./would like to do sth.
想要做某事
11.
keep
doing
sth.
继续做某事
12.
forget
to
do
sth.
忘记去做某事
forget
doing
sth.
忘记做过某事
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
一、语法归纳:频度副词
概念: 频度副词是用来表示动作发生频率的词,常用来表示不确定时间,主要包括
always,
usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never
等,如果表示具体频度次数,可采用次
数加单位时间。例如:
once a week
一周一次
twice a month
每月两次
常用频度副词的区别
always
意为“总是,永远”
,表示频度最高。
usually
意为“通常”
,即很少有例外,多用于一般现在时。
often
意为“经常”
,在频度上不如
usually
那么频繁。
sometimes
意为“有时,偶尔”
。
hardly ever
意为“几乎不,很少”
,表示否定意义。
never
意为“从来没有,绝不”
,表示
否定意义。
以上几个频度副词所表示的频度,从高到低为:
always
→
u aually
→
often
→
sometimes
→
har dly ever
→
never
二、难点讲解:
often do you exercise
?
你多久锻炼一次?
(
1
)
“
how often
”是对表示频度的时间状语的提问,可翻译为“多久(一次)
”
。
例如:
Eg:How often do you watch TV?
你多久看一次电视?
【
拓展
】与
how
有关的短语:
How
long
意为“多久、多长时间”
,
是对一段时间进行提问
,
答语(
for
)
three
+
时间
段
,
它可用于各种时态
.
Eg
:—
How long were you not at school last year?
去年你多久没上学
?
—
About two weeks.
约两周
.
How soon
意为“还要多久”
,是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间
提问
,
答语是“in +
一段时间”
.
“
since +
具体时间”
,
如:
---How long are you feeling like this?
像这样已经多久了
?
---Since last night.
从昨晚到现在
.
Eg:
—
How soon can you finish the work?
还要多久你能完成这项工作
?
—
In half an hour.
半小时后
.
How far.
“多远”
,
询问路程、距离
.
如:
How far is it from here to school?
从这
儿到学校有多远
good for
意为“对……有益”
,其反义词组为
be bad for,
意为“对……有害”
。
例如:
Eg:Eating too much meat isn
’
t good for you.
吃太多肉对你并没有好处。
【拓展】
be good to
对……友好(和善)
,
be good at
擅长,善于
3.
It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think
the best way to relax is through exercise.
通过上网或看娱乐节目放松是好的,但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼。
(1)It
’
s good to do sth.
意为“做某事好”
,它是“
It
’
s+adj.+to do sth.
”句型的一
种形式,
it
作形式主语,
to do sth.
是真正的主语。例如:
Eg:It
’
s good to run in the morning.
早上跑步是好的。
(2)
the best way to do sth.
意为“做某事最好的方法”
,其中
to do sth.
是动词不定式作
后置定语,也可表达为
the best way of doing sth.
例如:
Eg:I have a good way to do with the problem.
我有一个处理这个问题的好方法。
other:
其余的,另外的
妙辨异同:
other
:不能单独使用,永爱修饰可数名词的复数
The other
:
one
……
the other
……
:
一个……另一个……
Others: some
……
others
“一些……另一些”
The others:
一定范围内除去一个活一部分后,余下的人或事物的全部
r(
受欢迎的,流行的
)
——
unpopular(
不受欢迎的)
be popular with:
受……的欢迎
: be busy doing sth/be busy with with:
忙于做某事
:
忙的
例:
He is too full today,
他今天太忙了
慢的,充满的
be full of:
充满…的
例:
The box was full of books
:
(
v
)花费(时间,金钱)
“
spe nd+
时间
+with sb
”和某人呆了多长时间
spend+time/money+on(sth)/in doing sth:
某人在某物
/
在做某事上花费时间
/
金钱
(adj):
害怕的,犯愁的;
用法:
afraid to do sth: Tom is afraid to walk alone at night
afraid of doing sth: Jack is afraid of having PE class
C. Be afraid of sth/sb: Jane is afraid of dogs
10.I go to the movies maybe once a month.
我大概一个月去看一次电影。
maybe
意为“大概,或许”
,表示推测,通常用于句首,在句中作状语。
例如:
maybe she
’
s at home.
或许她在家里。
三、重点短语
1. help with housework
帮助做家务
2. on weekends
在周末
on weekdays
在工作日
3. how often
多少一次
4. hardly ever
几乎从不
5. once a week
一周一次
6. twice a month
一月两次
7. go to the movies
去看电影
8. every day
每天
9. use the Internet
上网
10. be free=have time
有空
11. be good for
对…
.
有好
处
12. stay up late
熬夜
13. at least
至少
one
’
s free time
在某
人的空余时间里
15. old habits die hard
旧习难改
than
少于
17. the
answer to
…
·
·
·的答案
18. teeth cleaning
牙齿清洁
19. the most popular
最受
欢迎的
to three times a week
一周一至三次
【典型例题】
1
.—
_C__
_do you surf the Internet ?
—
Once
a week.
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