监禁裕兴新概念英语 学习笔记(本人亲自整理 精品)

2021年1月24日发(作者：产妇)

Lesson one
A puma at large


一、课文讲解

Puma a large cat-like animal
美洲狮

puma

Lion

tiger


leopard
豹





jaguar
美洲虎



cougar
美洲豹


Cheetah
猎豹


lynx
大山猫

Panther
黑豹

Cat-like

像猫一样

Mother-like
母亲般的

Childlike (lovely
）像孩子一样的（形容人非常可爱）

Childish
（
immature
）不成熟的

幼稚的（形容成年人不该具有的表现）

At large
逍遥自在

无法无天

逍遥法外

联想记忆：
Large-powerful-out of control

The desperate criminal is still at large .

Escape
逃跑（迅速逃离危险

一般指成功逃离）

Flee away
：
run away from danger
跑开

Scatter away
：
in

different direction
四散逃窜

Evade tax
逃税（
Evade
：指逃避自己应该负担的责任或义务）

Desert
Desert one's army
逃兵


Cut class
逃课

Spot

n./v.
N .
点，斑点

A beauty spot
美人痣

Solar spot
太阳黑子

Spotlight
聚光灯（舞台上）

Be in the spotlight
万众瞩目的中心

Eg. Tom Cruse is in the spotlight in american film industry .(to achieve a lot of attention )
Eg. A leopard will not change its spot .
江山易改，本性难移。

V
.
不易察觉

看见

找到

Observe
（正式）观察，观测

Discover
发现本来就已经存在的东西

Recognize
认出你以前就很熟悉的人或事

Detect
探测（一隐藏起来的东西）


Explore
探索（广泛、仔细的搜索）


Internet Explorer
网络浏览器

Evidence n.
证据

联想到：
witness
证人

judge
法官

jury
陪审团

Court of law
法庭

Self-evident a.
不言自明的

《
The Declaration of Independence
》

It was draw up by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 and one of the most important documents ever published . Here is the first sentence
which shook the ruling classes of Europe .
We hold these truths to be self-evidence , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their creator with the certain


unalienable rights ,that among these are life , liberty and the pursuit of happiness .


Oblige :
be made to do sth by law or morality (often in passive voice )
Feel obliged to do
有义务去做某事

Eg. Men feel obliged to take the responsibility for family .

Compel : to make people have a particular feeling or attitude
使人产生不得不作某事的一种特殊感觉

9-year's compulsory education
九年义务教育

Drive : to make someone feel or do sth bad or unpleasant
让人一些不愉快甚至是不好的事情（被迫

不得已而为）

Drive sb nuts
都快使人疯了

Eg . The terrible music drove me nuts .

Hunt v.
打猎，狩猎

Hunt for
搜寻，寻找

Hunt for a job
找工作

Hunt for a love
寻爱

Go hunting for
寻找

Job hunter
找工作的人

Head hunter
猎头

Bargain hunter
买便宜货的人

Human being
（
s)(
有别于
god and animal )
Mankind

Eg. In the long history of the mankind

Human race : all people , considered together as a single group
种族

人类

Men :
人类

Be

存在


《
hamlet
》
：
when he hesitated ti kill his uncle

To be or not to be
存在或者灭亡

Being

1
）
-creature
生物

Human being


God being
神

Animal being
动物

2)

-existence

Coming into being
形成

出现

The people republic of china came into being in 1949 .

For the time being
眼下

Eg . For the time being , the cheetahs are hard up .
眼下，猎豹手头比较紧。
（
Lion King)
Corner

n./v.
n.
At/on the corner
在角落里

In the corner
一个空间的内部

Eg . The negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land .
美国的黑人 在美
国社会的各个层次和各个方面都饱受着痛苦，发觉自己是自己家乡土地上的流亡者。

Around the corner : is coming
即将到来、发生

Eg . The new year is around the corner .
Cut corners
抄近路

走捷径

v.


被逼到墙角里

Eg . The puma won't attack a human being unless it is cornered

Eg . The cornered beast will do something desperate .
狗急跳墙


Trail
痕迹

A trail of
一串

A trail of mud

A trail of blood

Wherever he went , the playboy left being him a trail of broken hearts .
（从句主语用的是
he
，
而主句的主语用的是
the playbo y
，
在英文当中，第一次出现的名词做主语，应该把它放到主句的主语位置，而不应该放到从句 的主语位置）

Print .n.
印痕

痕迹

Foot print

Paw print
爪痕

Singer print
指纹


二、课文讲解

文章第一句：
Be found (there be ) :
产于，分布

Eg . Penguins
①

are found in the Antarctica
②
.
Pandas
③

are large , bear-like animal which are found in China .

文章第二句：
-zoo that-that
后面的内容和是等值或者 说是并列的，为了保持句子的整体平衡和美感，于是就把从句放到后
面。

【同位语从句】

简单记忆：同位语从句与中心词是等同和等值的关系，而不是修饰与 被修饰的关系。这一点与定语从句截然不同，定
语从句与其先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。

定语从句的引导词
that/which

在句中作成分（主语或宾语）< br>，而同位语从句的引导词
that
为连接词，只起连接主句与
从句之作用，不做 任何成分。

Eg . I was shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. (the news is that his father died yesterday . )

能连接同位语从句的名词有：

Belief

information


fact


suggestion

idea problem

doubt order

rumor(
传闻

谣言）


discover

evidence

opinion

conclusion

An
idea
came to him _that___he might write to her to ask for more information about the matter .
④


I got
information
from my friend

that there will be a marvelous

American movie
⑤

News has just come into the studio that over 90% of our population are watching the spring festival entertainment show .


South of
在。
。
。以南

They
人称或指示代词的替代含义要回到句子的切近部分寻找它的中心含义。文中指的是报道。

Take sth seriously
认真对待

Take sth slightly
不放在心上

eg . Every one ought to take life seriously .

eg . Education is so important that we should take it seriously .


①
②

企鹅


南极洲

③

熊猫

④
⑤

答案：
that


答案：
that


eg . When news came into the national museum that an ancient bomb has been spotted 100 kilometers south of xi'an , it was taken
seriously . (
仿句
)
【第三句】

However

语篇标识词

（即显示语篇发展的词语）
。引出作者真正意图，表明事实真相，往往前后形成鲜明，相反的对比。

For
说明原因

英语一般来说，总是把最需要表达的东西放在一个句子的最前边，汉语总是 现因后果；而
for
并不引导一个强因果关
系，因此是处于从属地位而总是把最需要的 东西置于句首。

As

不强调原因的重要性

Since
既然

，弱因果关系

Because
强调直接的原因

Claimed to have done

动词不定时的完成时

体现它所表示的从句的动作发生在谓语动作之前

eg . Till now , no organization
claimed to have been
responsible for this bombing .

Be similar to sb. In character

(have a lot in common )
brothers are similar to each other in character.
Bear a resemblance to .Resemble
宛如，酷似


father
父亲

Look/be like
像








爸爸

Take after
随



爹

第二段

Pick blackberries

Pick apples

Pick mushrooms
采蘑菇

Pick noses

Pick ears

Pock teeth

Unless
：
if not

eg. A : may i have the loan ?
B ____ you offer good security

A . But


.






B . Unless

C . Provided(if)


. D . But for

Prove difficult

Prove(to be ) difficult

Consider sth( to be )
Turn out( to be )
Bush

Beat around the bush
拐弯抹角

旁敲侧击

On a fishing trip to
在去钓鱼的途中

the honey-moon trip to Paris
在去巴黎度蜜月的途中

on way to
在去某地的路上

on business to
在去某地出差的途中

Reported missing
挂失



Must have been/ done sth
这是作者主观的肯定或判断，是事实总结、归纳的标志。

In the possession of
为。
。
。所有，主语为物

In possession of
主语一定是人

In the authority of
由
….
管辖

eg . Hong kong is in the authority of mainland .

In the care of

由

。
。
。照看

In the charge of
由。
。
。负责

Wild

-- tame
野
——
家

Wild cat /animal
大型猫科动物

野生动物

-------stray dogs
流浪狗

Domestic animals
家庭驯养的动物

Domestic Violence
家庭暴力

Domestic Market
国内市场


三

、
（
Idioms
）成语


1 .
Only
when you experience the pain of pain
.can you
enjoy the happiness of happiness .
①

Go what you are .
勇往直前。

Say to do something
表示
“
让某人做某事
”


Lesson two
Thirteen equals one

一、单词讲解

Equal
v./adj.
与。
。
。相等

eg . Wealth is not equal to happiness

EEOC
：
equal employment opportunities commission
平等就业协会

Background
：

(a us government organization whose aim is to make sure that people are not prevented from getting jobs because of their race ,
religion , age . Sex etc , and to make sure that all workers are treated fairly an equally .
）


中国学生易犯的错误：

Vt.
及物动词

equal to : (
加错


Vicar
英国教区的小牧师

Rector
: of the catholic church
（天主教教堂）小牧师

Priest

神父（可指基督教，特指罗马教堂）

Curate

副牧师

Curate's egg
有好有坏

eg
：
The book is something of a curate's egg .

Bishop

主教（比神父级高）

国际象棋中指（
chess
）象

：圆棋子为教士帽形

Arch
bishop
红衣大主教（前缀表示主要的、重要的）

Pope (roman catholic )
罗马（天主教）教皇

eg . Is the pope(a) catholic ?(a humorous way to say sth is clearly true and certain )
幽默表达，表示明知顾问式的。


①

吃得苦中苦，方位人上人

倒装结构




eg . Do you think they'll win ?
Is the pope catholic ?
Clergyman n.
神职人员


Raise
vt.

Raise kids
养育小孩

Raise money

Raise the roof
怒发冲冠


Rise. vi.

The sun als
o rises
（
written by Ernest Hemingway )(
海明威）

太阳照常升起

A farewell to arms
永别了武器

A farewell to
concubine(
小妾，姨太太
)
霸王别姬


Torch n .

手电筒

Carry a torch for sb
暗恋

eg . Don't you know i carry a torch for you for a long time ?
Why not carry on?
二

、课文讲解

Be always doing sth
表示一直不停地做某事

但通常说话人的语气是不满意的
(not satisfied )
eg . He is always finding faults with me .

eg . Things are always keeping coming up at the last minute .

Be forever doing
不厌其烦

eg . Peter
is forever talking
about his girlfriend .

Cause .n.

1)

原因，缘故

2)

Cause and effect
（哲学）因果范畴

3)

Sth you support (
支持的）事业，事项

eg . It's for a good cause .
做善事

For one cause or another
为了各种事情

For one thing or another

eg . He can't come for one

thing or another .
由于种种原因，他不能来。


Have sth done
(
被动）叫。
。做

Have sb do
让。
。做

Have sth to do
有

。
。
。要做

eg . I have another fish to fry . (i have to go )
Take a French leave (
不辞而别）


Enough a
.
足够的

eg . I have enough of it !
受够了

(i hate it so much!)
eg . I've had it up to here with him !
忍无可忍



Cannot do sth enough

Can never do sth enough

eg . I cannot thank you enough .
感激不尽


Used to do (
did a lot in the past but has been given up now )
Be /get used to doing
习惯于做
…..

Be used to do (
被动）被用作
…..


Strike v .

Strike , struck . Struck
Strike struck , stricken

Strike hours
敲钟打时

Strike matches
划火柴

Strike sb
打人

eg . Strike while the iron is hot .

趁热打铁

Strike sb as odd
让人很奇怪

eg . His death strikes us an odd .

beauty struck me .
吸引

打动

Be struck by her beauty


Day and night

知识点

：反义词词组表示对照，通过相反的概念而
强调整体
。

Up and down
上上下下

Back and forth
前前后后

Black and white
黑与白，黑人和白人


Ever since
至此

引起完成时


Wake up with a start

Startled (suddenly or slightly surprised )
Surprised (general saying)
Astounded
（
very surprised
）

Astonished (very surprised )
Amazed
奇观（
extremely surprised
）
(
对美好的东西感到惊讶）惊叹

eg . You've amazing.
你实在是太不可思议了

Stunned (
程度最深）


Before
直到。
。
。才；足足、
、
、才

eg . It didn't stop
until
it struck thirteen times .

Before you know it (
口语
)….
马上要发生了

(spoken :sth will happen soon )
eg . We'd better set off or it will be dark
before you know it .


what’s going on ?
发生什么事了？（口语）

What's up ?


What gives ?
回答：
Nothing much

：
Not much


In the torchlight

借着手电筒的光

In the moonlight

Excuse me
（借光）

eg . May i use your bathroom ?
Catch sight of
一下看见

In sight

The victory is in sight
胜利在望

Fall in love at the first sight
一见钟情

Hit it right off
两人一见就谈得来


Whatever

What on earth are you doing up here ?
What the hell are you doing up here
？

eg. Whatever it is ?
管他呢

不管怎样

And whatever
等等

eg . We had a party , drink , dance and whatever .

Try

eg . Have a try !
Have a go
试一试

《
graduates
》

Mrs . Robison : i'll tell her everything .

Ben : i don't think you can do that .
Mrs .robison : try me.


Night after night

夜夜

重复修饰，加强效果

Day after day

Day in day out
日复一日

Year after year

Year in year out
年复一年


You certainly did

Still

All the same
仍然

还

eg. Thank you all the same .

Just the same .
不过

仍然

还是要

Nothing i can do about it
无能为力

Nothing can help
无能为力


As good as
和。
。
。一样

Lion king



eg . He is as good as dead there .
（它都跑到荒野中了，死了一样）

As long as

As long as you love me (
只要你还爱我）

（
sung by back street boys )
eg. I don't care who you are , what you did ,where you're from , as long as you love me
！

Better than

Better than nothing
总比没有强

eg . Better late than never .

eg. Better safe than sorry .

Twelfth night

eg . Better a witty fool than a foolish wit .
与其做愚蠢的智者

不如做聪明的愚人


A cup of tea

R &B is not
my cup of tea .
我最喜好的东西

三

、成语


1.

True generosity come from his heart not from his purse .

真正的慷慨出自内心而非出自钱包


Lesson three
An unknown goddess
Unknown

1)not be known by name
无名的

2
）
Not well-known
不出名的

I 'm nobody
无名小卒

I'm a small potato
小人物

He is somebody.
大人物

a household name
家喻户晓

A big shot
大人物

VIP
：
very important person
Goddess

女神

-ess
阴性词词尾，表女性或母性

Hostess
女主人；女主持人

Stewardess
空姐

Mistress
情妇；
（旧）女家庭教师

Tigress
雌老虎

Mother tiger
母老虎

性别：

Gender
（文）

Sex
性别

人：
female /male

动物：
female /male




she /he
作为形容词（专指动物性别）人不能用

Arch
（
a
）
eologist n
考古学家

Arch
拱门

Arch-
Archbishop
-ology

scientific study
研究



—
ist .....
.
人

-ology

Anthropology
人类学

Anthropoid
类人猿

Psychology
心理学

Philosophy
哲学；人生观

Philo-
喜爱（希腊语）

-sophy
智慧（希腊语）

Physiology
生理学


-ist ...
人；
....
家（从事某方面）

Specialist

A heart specialist
心脏病专家

Buddhist
佛教徒

Racist
种族主义者

Terrorist
恐怖主义分子

Pacifist
（
pace
）反战主义者

Explore v.
(travel through an area in order to find out what is here
）

考察；勘探

Explorer

Internet explorer

Explode
爆炸

Exploit
利用；剥削

Exploit child labour
剥削童工

Promontory
海角

（
a high long narrow piece of land which goes out into the sea )
Cape :
a large piece of land with 3-side water
海角

The cape of good hope
好望角

Channel
：
a passage of water connecting 2 seas

Strait : a passage of water between two lands
（如台湾海峡）

connecting two seas .
Taiwan trait

Pirate
海盗；盗版

Delta
三角

Nile delta
尼罗河三角洲

Prosperous
繁荣昌盛的

Prosperity. n..
Eg . We'll keep the prosperity and stability of HK
at any cost . (at any price
）不惜任何代价

Background notes :
The America experienced
the great depression
in 1930s'.
大萧条

After the boom
（繁荣）

, everything is gloom(
阴沉）
.
繁荣过后，尽是萧条。

Slump
衰退

A slump in stick
股价下跌

Slack
松弛的，不振作的，疲软的



In low time
不如意时

eg . The business is in low time .
生意萧条。

Civil

a .

Civil rights
民权

Civil law -----criminal law
民法
-----
刑法


Civil servant
公务员

Civil engineering
土木工程

Civil war
内战

Domestic market
国内市场

Domestic violence
家庭暴力

Domestic flights
国内航班

Home crowd
家乡父老

本国观众

Drain
下水道

Brain drain
人才流失

Drainage
排水系统

--age
名词后缀

Postage
邮资

Hostage
人质

Orphanage
孤儿院

Worship
祭祀

祭祀活动

（
warship
战舰）

Rite :
for religious purposes
宗教仪式

Rites of baptism

洗礼

（
this is a
Christian
religious ceremony in which sb is touched or covered with water to welcome them to the Christian faith or
name them . )
Pray : ask god for help
祈祷

（
prey
猎物）

Mass

弥撒

Sacrifice
牺牲

，祭品

Fragment
碎片

Fall into fragments
摔倒粉碎

Fall into pieces

Piece

eg . I am about to go to pieces .

我快崩溃了。

Fraction
（大的整体里的）一小份

In a fraction of a second
片刻，眨眼间

Fracture

骨折

Segment
(
果实）一块，一瓣

A segment of an orange
橘子

二

、课文讲解

Make a discovery
做出发现

Make a name for oneself
出名

Make history
创造历史

Make a noise
名噪一时

Ben laden really
make a noise
by 9.11.


Make a dent : to make a first step towards success in something
取得初步的、有效地进展；凑效

eg . Chinese
open- up policy h
as made a dent .
改革开放政策初见成效。

Aegean
爱琴海

The aegean sea lies between Greece and turkey , part of Mediterranean sea . (
地中海）

主题句：
为典型的记叙文开头句

记叙文的文体特点：时间、地点、人物、事件。并按事件发生的时间、空间顺序描写，把握住其特征，就能轻松 应对文章
的理解。

Time :
some time ago

Place:
on the aegean island of sea
Person :
archaeologists

Event :
a discovery is made .

Stand
坐落

屹立

Be Located in (
正式）坐落于

Be Situated
（正式）坐落于

eg . China stands in the east of the world .

Lie in

eg . A lake lies in the middle of the forest

eg . A grand crocodile
lies in
wait for its prey .

一只巨大的鳄鱼在静静地等待它的猎物。

Enjoy
享有

Enjoy a long history
历史悠久

eg . China enjoys a long history .
Enjoy supports
得到支持

eg . Geoge . W . Bush enjoyed a lot of supports during the president-election .

Enjoy good health
（良好的生活使我的生活收益无穷）身体很好

Enjoy large sales
畅销

Enjoy a
handsome
income
享有较高收入

Be build of stone

=Be made of stone

eg . He is made of stone .
铁石心肠的人。

With

介词是英语中很重要的一种词性。
With
作为抽象含义而使用，表示被描述事物的 特征和性质。使得语音简洁、利落、
生动。中心词的地位高于修饰词的地位。

A man with a beard
山羊胡

A man with a moustache
小胡子

A man with
whiskers

络腮胡子

A man with
queues

发辫（古时）

Abraham Lincoln
《盖提斯堡演讲》

Of the people , by the people , and for the people .
为人民所有，为民所治，为民所享

第二段：

B.C.
-
------before Christ
（
before the birth of Christ )
A.D.
-------Anno Domini
(Latin)
主的生年

(since the birth of Christ )


(after the birth of Christ )
Roman times

古罗马时代

（
from 200 B.C until 400 A.D.)(
六百多年
)A.D.
是相对
B.C.
而适用的

eg . Do as the romans do when in Rome .
入乡随俗

eg . Every road leads to Rome .
条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）

eg . Rome wasn't built in a day .

冰冻一尺非一日之寒。

Sacred
庄严地

（
greatly respected
）

Holy
：
（
god )
神圣的

The holy city : Jerusalem
耶路撒冷

Religious :(religion)
宗教的

这是一篇略带科技色彩的文章，要尽量减少主观色 彩，所以被动语态是上策，引入主语反而增加主观色彩。

表现如

：
The temple was used .......
Represent v .
代表

eg . The statue of liberty represents the friendship of France and America .

Stand for
代表

Symbolize
象征

To be the symbol of
成为
….
的象征

是
…..
的标志

eg . Pimple(
青春痘）

is the symbol of youth .
Rose is the symbol of England .


Remains
历史遗迹；遗体

Ruins
废墟

Be on the road to ruins
走向灭亡

Relic
遗物，遗迹，遗风陋俗

Legacy
遗产

；

遗留产物

eg . As the legacy of
the male-dominated society
, women
find it their duty
to spend the money men earn .

Date from

可以追溯到；自从，
，
，就有（无被动语态）

Date back to

Go back to

Trace back to

都可表追溯

但都无被动语态

?
Missing head
下落不明的头

The lost generation

迷惘的一代

Background notes :
The young men who were killed in wwi
，
who could have been successful in art , science or literature . And also it means all the
people who became adults during or after wwi , and suffered great social and emotional disadvantages as a result .

The ground of us writers grew up during wwi , such as Eraest Hemingway , a pacifist .

The old man and sea

A farewell to arms

Classical a.
传统的，古朴的（
very tradition
）

Classical music -------popular music

Classical physics -
古典物理
-----quantum physics
量子物理

Classical times
古希腊，古罗马时代

Classic
经典的

Titanic is a classic film .



Class. n.

阶级；等级

Amaze
惊叹，惊奇

Reconstruct v.
重建，修复

Reconstruction *
（
1865-1877
）重建时期

The period of American history after the civil war when the southern states , under government and military control , rejoined the
us .

Slavery was abolished . Black people were given the right to vote , and a few universities were established for black people .

Turn out
（
to be
）

竟然是

（展现出来的最终结果）

The kramers

eg . To be both a father and mother to a child at the same time
turns out to be
more difficult than he thought .

Wear
穿

戴

与各种装扮有关

Wear a dress
穿裙子

Wear make -up
化妆

Wear perfume
洒香水

Wear contact lenses
隐形眼镜

Wear a moustache
蓄小胡子

Wear a sad look
满脸愁容

Wear pistol
佩戴手枪

Full--length

Full-length tv series
大型电视系列片

《
Hong Kong Today
》

Full-dress
welcome
热烈欢迎


Despite
尽管

In spite of
虽然

So far
引起完成时

Until ---until now

Up to ---- up to now

By now
直到现在

以上几个都可用来引起完成时

三

、成语

Bible
圣经

Refers to 2 books : Old testament

旧约

















New testament
新约

Long , long age , the sky and the earth were
in chaos
(
馄饨状态）

On the 6
th
day

Man : Adam - the first man (Hybru)
Eve :it means woman who belongs to man
（
Hybru
）

Snake
：
serpent

Forbidden fruit : apples from the tree of knowledge

Adam's apple
喉结

Maternity
饱受生养之苦

Toil
in the field
在田间永远的劳作


Walk on its belly
（肚子）匍匐前进

1.

Adam and Eve

熏肉加鸡蛋

2.

As old as adam
老掉牙

3.

Bathing Beauty
出水芙蓉



Not know somebody from adam (have no idea who sb is )
根本不认识

4.

Bone of my bone , flesh of my flesh .
血肉相连

Eg . Taiwan is bone of mainlander' s bone flesh of mainlander's flesh.
5.

Dust you are ,back to dust you'll return when you die .
本为尘土，死亦为尘土。


Lesson four

The double life of alfred bloggs

life

Double character
双重性格

Double chin
双下巴

Double bed
双人床

Twin beds
两张标准床

Bi
gamy
重婚

Two- timer
一脚踏两船



Manual laborer
体力劳动者

Automatic

Auto-
自动的

Automat
自动售货机

Auto
biog
raphy
自传

Autonomous region
：

self-ruled
自治


衣领

Gold collar
：

CEO
等阶层

White collar

Blue collar

Dog collar (a stiff round white collar worn by priests )
牧师们

Hot under the collar
（
feel angry or excited )
热血沸腾

气愤不已

Eg . Calm down !don't get hot under the collar .

Make a collar (police catch criminal )
ege n
. A special advantage
特权

Underprivileged
贫困的下层阶级的

For the privilege of

Eg. Many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white- collar workers .

Eg. It's my great privilege to make your acquaintance .
能结识您，实乃三生有幸。

Eg . I've heard so much about you .
久闻大名

Eg .you reputation proceeds you .
久仰

ation
大型股份有限公司

Multi
national corporation
跨国公司

Company
小公司

Enterprise
企业

Joint-venture enterprise
合资企业

State-owned enterprise
国有企业

Township enterprise
乡镇企业

Non -government run school
民办学校


二

、

课文讲解





Receive money
拿工资

Save money
存取

Spend money
花钱

Eg. Spend the money tomorrow today .

Make money
挣钱

more money

Some more money

Lots more money

A lot more

A little more

referred to as
被称作

Eg . He is referred to us
walking dictionary
.
活字典

Be known to us all as
大家叫他、
、
、
、
、

Eg . He is known to us all as walking dictionary .

Be recognized as
认出是、
、
、
、

Eg . In the torchlight , he was recognized as bill by the vicar .

Refer -----referred ------referring

Prefer
——

Stir
——

Star
——

4.(Wear ) a collar and tie
穿着衬衫，打着领带，
（英文中配套的事物一般共用一个冠词）
。

A fork and knife
一副刀叉

A
singer

and dance
一个歌舞演员

A father and mother
既当爹又当妈


从句时
such
的同位语从句，而不是非限定定语从句。


rise to
引起

Eg . That boys are weighed more important than girls can give rise to curious situations .

Eg . Pollution gave rise to a world wide
green--house effect
.
温室效应

Give birth to
生了（
·
·
·
孩子）

Eg . She gave birth to a pretty girl .
it did

As
引导了一个方式状语从句

It :
上一句中
that
从句的内容

Did :give rise to a curious situation

the case of

就
·
·
·
的情形而言，对
·
·
·
来说

Eg .poverty depressed many people , but in the case of my father
,
it was otherwise .

贫困使很多人一蹶不振，但就我父亲而论就另当别论。


Eg . Fat depressed many people , but in the case of han hong , it was otherwise .

Eg . Difficulties depressed many people , but in the case of me , it was otherwise .

In case of
万一，以防

Eg . Take an umbrella with you in case of rain .

Eg . Body guard
《私人保镖》

男主人给她一个十字架

A :what for



B . In case .
第二段

married

Get engaged
订婚

Get married
结婚

Get separated
分居

Get divorced
离婚

The Oath
婚誓


I take you as my wedded
（具有法律效力的结婚）

husband from the moment forward , for better or worse ,for rich or
poor ,health or sickness to love and cherish .As god id my witness ,i give my promise .


简单地

into
换上

change back into
换回

get into
穿上

put on
穿上

did this
省略

替代

I can do it (do it )
口语

I can do so (do so )
书面语

Do that /do this


同伴，伙伴
(
亲切，易引起情感的共鸣）

Fellow dustman
清洁工友

Fellow Townsman
同乡

Fellow Countryman
同胞

Fellow Citizen
市民们


-mate
伙伴

Workmate

Roommate
室友


Helpmate
妻子

贤内助

Soul mate
红颜知己，蓝颜知己

never done .....and never will
从不曾
·
·
·
永远也不
·
·
·

Eg. A:Don't you know i have carried the torch for you a long time
暗恋

B
：
I'm sorry . I have never loved you and never will .

as much as
同级比较

As old as

Eg . She is twice as old as her son .

much as he used to (do)
To
的不定式省 略了动词，当说话人为了避免重复刚刚提过的动词时，动词不定式的动作就被省略掉了。


Want

mean

hope

expect

refuse


seem

intend

Eg . I asked him to go to the party but he refused to .
Eg . I intended to go out for dinner with him , but he didn't want to .

in status
社会地位的上升

Rise in taxes
税收上涨

Rise in prices
价格上涨

Eg . The rise in prices gave to a series of social reactions .
各种社会反映

Rise in the world
崛起

Eg:China as the largest developing country is rising in the world .


Rise and fall

Eg . The level of people's moods rises and falls during a day .
情绪


值得

Be worth doing (
无被动语态》

Be worth reading

Be worth watching

Be worth visiting

Eg . The book is worth reading .

The film is worth watching .

The exhibition is worth visiting .

补充：

It's worth the time
值得花时间

It's worth the efforts
值得努力

It's worth the hard work .
值得辛苦努力

Eg.
It's worth all the hard
work you put in education when you see so many happy children .

worthy
值得

Be worthy of respect
值得尊敬的

Be worthy of being respected
（变为动名词可使用）

Eg . She is such a good teacher that she is worthy of being respected .

Deserve
：
to have earned sth by good or bad behavior .

Eg . You get what you deserve .

(you reap what you sow.)
种瓜得瓜种豆得豆

He deserves it
（口）他罪有应得。


三

、成语
IDIOMS
1.

Either make or break it
不成功就成仁；破釜沉舟

2.

Time and tide wait for no man .
岁月不待人，时间不等人（同义重复修饰）


Lesson 5
The facts

1.

edit

edit a book
编书

compile
a dictionary
编纂字典

code
编码
——
decode
解码

chore
o
graphy

编舞

editorial n.
文学评论，文学社论

postdam
proclamation
1945
年博斯坦公告

2.

statistics n.
统计学（单数）

语言的三大要素：语音

词汇

语法

语音：发音和听力：是物理学问题

是对人体器官的调动，模仿听，自己操练。让你感动的认真听知道背熟。

词汇

是一种美学特征

英文是一种线形文字

语法是哲学的内容，是对人的思维方式在语言环境中的一种体现

statics n.
静电学

ethics n.
伦理学

work ethic n.
职业道德，职业操守

3
.pre
side
nt
n.
总统，校长，
（国家）最高元首

President Jiang Zemin


honorary president n.
名誉校长

chancellor n.
名誉校长，形象代言人

4. journalist n
.
撰稿记者

reporter n.
上镜的记者

correspondent n.
通讯记者，特派员，驻外记者

n.
宫殿

PRC. the Forbidden City
紫禁城






Palace Museum
故宫博物院






Summer Palace
颐和园

Britain: Buckingham Palace
白金汉宫








Downing St.
唐宁街








White Hall
白厅
(
政府办公厅
)
America: White House
白宫









Pentagon
（美国国防部）五角大楼

Russia: Winter Palace
冬宫







The Kremlin
克里姆林宫（政府办公厅）







Red Square
红场


patient
adj.
不耐烦的


patient adj.
耐心的


inpatient n.
门诊部
——
outpatient n.
住院部


be impatient for
迫不及待


eg The kids are impatient for Christmas.

die for
极度渴望


eg .The orphan dies for
maternal love.
母爱

be hungry for v.
渴望得到


eg.
I?m hungry for knowledge.

be thirsty for

hunger for

thirst for

long for v.
渴望

long for peace
渴望和平

desire v.
渴望

desire for power
渴望权力（对权力的欲望）













desire for green power
渴望金钱

yearn v.
因思念而导致的渴望

yearn for hometown
思念家乡

desperate v.
极度渴望

desperate for fame
极度渴望名誉

v.
解雇
——
hire v.
雇佣






v.
开火

give sb a sack
给某人炒鱿鱼

dismiss v.
解雇，散会，下课

You are dismiss ed.
你被解雇了。
/
散会了。
/
老师说下课了。

Relieve
sb
of
his post/duties
解除职务（针对有身份有地位的人）

President Nixon was relieved of his duty
due to
Watergate.
Pink slip
解聘通知书

get one?s pink slip
收到解雇通知书

=give sb

his walking papers
The slump in economy made many people get their walking papers.
经济的不景气让许多人失业了。

get the
ax
v.
炒鱿鱼































课文



1.

go to extremes v.
走极端

He went to extremes to steal because of poverty.
因贫穷他竟然偷窃。

=take sth to extremes


He takes alcohol to extremes.
嗜酒成性。

go so far as to

甚至于，竟然

Some really keen enthusiasts
go so far as to
build their own computers.
Without so much as doing
甚至于连
~
（
·
·
·
）都没。

He left the job
without so much as saying
good-bye.
他连招呼都没打就甩手不干了。

2.

facts and statistics
事实和数据

两个词义和词类 相同，但词形不同的单词连用，组成并列结构，以达到音韵上的和谐之美，取得修辞上的平衡效果，称之
为同义重复修饰。

heart and soul
全心全意

eg Serve the people heart and soul.
为人民服务

null and void
无效的


eg The contract in null and void.
合同无效。

3.

had been instructed (
书面语
)=had been asked (
口语
)
受命

4.

and
只是语法上的连接，实际含义要取决于语境。

词本无意，因人生意。

war and peace
战争与和平

talk and laugh
有说有笑

men and men
各式各样的人

It was not easy to carry such a heavy load, and during the dog days.
扛这么重的东西很不容易，更何况是这么热的天呢。

5.

lead to v.
通向（
to
是介词）

Each road leads to Rome.
direct to
指向

guide to
导向


Only hard work will guide you to success.
run to=lead to
head for
朝向，通向

make for
大步朝前走，大步走向
·
·
·

6.

surround=go around
revolve around=go around v.
星体的运转


The moon revolves around the earth.
rotate v.
自转


The moon ratates while it revolves around the sun.
revolution
revolutions The man-made satellite made 30 revolutions around the earth.
转
30
圈。

I tie a horse to a
locust
. n.
洋槐树

out
出发

start off v.
出发

see sb out
送出门

see sb off
送行

see sb home v.
送某人回家

to press
去付印

have sth printed
去打印

9. no
否定意义很强



Recive no reply .no
做形容词修饰后
reply
He is no a fool.
这个人可真不简单。

He can?t understand the lecture.

Neither can I.
No more can I.
This one is not better than that one.
这个不如那个好。

This one is no better than that one.
这个和那个一样糟。

10. not only ~but~as well
The poor man had not only been arrested , but he had been sent to prison as well.
The Big Ben is not only of
immense size but it?s accurate as well.

倒装：实质就是突出被强调的部分

否定词用语句前，句子要倒装。

Not only did he make a promise,but he also kept it

11. while
引导时间状语从句

as, when
当主句主语与从从句主语一致，而且从句谓语为
be
动词时，从句中的主语和
be
都省略，动词主动用
-ing
被动用
-ed.
Iron expands when
（
it is
）
heated.
Idioms
成语

Dutch
各付各的

halves
平摊

’s on me
今天我请客


Lesson six

Smash and grab
v.
打碎

-ash
剧烈的动作

Slash
猛砍

Bash
猛击

Clash
（金属）撞击

Crash
（
car /plane)
撞击

Eg . The computer crashed
死机

Eg. The stock crashed .
股市崩盘

v.
抓住

Grab hold of sth. (suddenly and violently)
突然猛地抓住

Grasp : (firmly)
紧紧抓住、把握住

a chance

Clutch : (frighted)
Eg . A drowning man will clutch
at
straws .
病急乱投医

Seize
：

抓（
eagerly
）急切抓住
·
·
·
·

Seize power
侵袭，占据（心理）

Be seized with panic
一下下慌乱起来

n .
宝石

Jewellery
宝石的集合称谓

Jew
犹太人，奸商



Precious stone

Agate
玛瑙

Jade
翡翠


jade palace
翠宫饭店

Ruby
红宝石

大写

. R
是女孩子的名字

Sapphire
蓝宝石

Diamond
钻石，菱形，方块



n.
花边

;
带子

Necklace
项链

Shoelace
鞋带



n .
戒指

A wedding ring
结婚戒指

Engagement ring

An earing
耳环

n.
全体员工（单
/
复）

On the staff : being a member of

Eg . It is good to have you on the staff .
和你一起共事真是好

集合名词的单数：强调个体

集合名词的复数：强调群体


Eg . The staff is working efficiently .(
强调整体）把一群当做一

Eg . The staff are working efficiently . (
强调个体）把群体分为各个

Faculty
：

all the teacher in a university
全体教师

Crew
：
all the people working on a ship or plane (
船，飞机）全体工作人员

Cast
：

all the actors in a film or a play
全体演职员

ound n.
背景

Social background
Political background

Background knowledge
Background music
处在幕后
:Remain in the background

Keep in the background

Be in the background
v./n.
A short attack to cause damage
突击，偷袭，抢劫为目的

A night raid
A raid on the bank
抢银行

Strike
袭击

By air craft

Air strike

Blitz
迅速而猛烈的攻击

Air blitz
空袭

Assail
袭击，抨击

Eg , the angry crowd assail the police with stones .
Assault
殴打，造成人身伤害

Am
bush

伏击


le v
，爬行，连滚带爬



Climb with difficulty , using hands to help

Scramble one's brains :
想不清楚

Unable to think clearly
Eg. It scarmbled my brains to hear that he was put into prison.
Scrambled eggs
煎蛋

Scramble for
争先恐后，争夺

Scramble for power wealth
争权夺利

Sn--

爬

Snake v/n.
像蛇一样的弯曲，蛇


Eg. The
path snakes
its way down to the foot of the mountain.
这条路弯弯曲曲延伸到山脚下。

比喻加上视觉的联想效果，栩栩如生。

Snail n.
蜗牛

Sneak v
蹑手蹑脚，
（偷偷地）溜

Sneakers n.
运动鞋（轻盈）

Sneak on sb
打小报告

Climb
爬

Climb mountains
登山

Crawl
匍匐前进，蹒跚学步


二、课文讲解



Eg . I'm empty (hungry)
饿了

Empty mind
内心空虚

Eg . Arcade is empty .

（与
dusy
相对

熙熙攘攘）

Eg . The street is
deserted
at midnight .
万籁俱寂

Eg . Is this seat taken ?(is this seat saved?)
It's an open seat . Go ahead !

高兴的看着，欣赏着

Enjoy
从
·
·
·
中得到快乐

Appreciate
欣赏

Window display
橱窗展示

Go window shopping
只看不买

Show
表演

展现

Fashion show

Talk show
脱口秀

Baby show

The spring festival
entertainment
show

Exhibition
大型展览（正式）

Make an exhibition of oneself (to behave in a very silly or embarrassing way)
出丑，出洋相

Eg . The handsome gentleman
stripped on
the carpet and
made quite an exhibition of himself .
Expo
博览会

n.
丝绒

An iron hand in a velvet glove

外柔内刚，口蜜腹剑，两面三刀

A velvet paw
笑面虎

at
(to look at such for a long time because sth is very beautiful or very interesting without consciousness)
凝视



Eg . He stood
gazing
at hellen .
现在分词作伴随状语（一边一边，多个动作）

Gape at : with your mouth open especially when you are scared or surprised
痴痴地看

Eg . People stood
gaping at
wpc as the building began to crumble in a fraction of a second .
人们看着世贸大厦片刻之间化为灰
烬。

Gawk at : in a way that looks stupid
傻乎乎的盯着看

Eg. Don't stand gawking at girls all day!
Glare at : to look at sb very angrily
怒目而视

Stare at : to look at sth directly for a long time

Eg. I entered the classroom and all the students stared at me .

silence was broken

Eg . The marriage is broken .

Eg. The peace was broken .
Eg . The
deadlock
is broken.
僵局

Eg . The record is broken.
Streak
划破

Eg .
Flashes and lightning
streaked the sky .
同义重复修饰

(
动物）咆哮；

（引擎）轰隆声，喧哗

象声词具有逼真性和比喻性，成为一种常用的修辞手段，能从 听觉上加强音响效果，使人如闻其声，身临其境，易引起感
情共鸣。
。

Rumble v
咕噜咕噜

Eg . The thunders rumbled in the distance .
Eg. My stomach will rumble at noon .

Roll : make a long low series of sounds .
长而低沉的声音

Eg. The drums rolled .
鼓声

Wail v.
呼啸

The cold wind was wailing .

With
的独立主格结构

就是指
with
后面的名词以及它名词后面的副词 在落基上是有一种主谓关系，但实际上它不是谓语，于是就用
with
构
成一个独立主 格结构

做伴随状语或原因状语。
With
后面的名词与其后的形容词、副词、介词在逻辑上是主谓关系。

1
）
with + n . + adv.
表示一种伴随状态

一种动作的持续和进行

Eg . With its headlights on , the
car
（主语）
roared down

（谓语）
the arcade .
Eg .
With
so many visitors about , we got stuck on the road .
做原因状语

2)

with +n. +doing
Eg . She entered the hall
with
everybody
staring
at her .
一个人的动作发生时，属于另外的事物或人的动作也在发生

Eg . With so many people helping , she came to success .
3
）
with +n. + prep.
Eg.
With
a book under his arm , he came in .

4)

with + n. + adj.

Eg .
With
the window open , i
was greeted with
perfume of jasmine .
迎面

5)

with +n. + done

Eg With the daughter taken good care of , the couple went on vacation .
6)

with + n. + to do
表原因

Eg . With so much work to do , he stayed up all night .
v.
呜呼