东亚病夫2019年6月大学英语四级真题与答案解析完整版

2021年1月24日发(作者：稀有品种)
WORD
格式

2019
年

6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版

Part I Writing(30 minutes)
请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer
activity
organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words
not more
than 180 words.
【范文】

Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home
Volunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly
appraised
by the elderly there.
Upon the students
’
arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors
young students prese
’
eyes when the
well- prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged
were willing
to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave,
the elderly
thanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by
the
optimism their elderly friends had for their future.
According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman,
but we make a life by
we give.
”
The visit not only enriches the seniors
with an opportunity to learn
“
we make a living by what we get,
’
daily life, but also provides the youth
important life lessons from the elderly residents. By Aria, school newspaper
【点评】

写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级 写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。今年考查了新闻报道

这一新的文章体裁，这也就意味着出 题人更加强调学生把考场作文和真实生活中的写作联系在一起，对于学生观察

生活的能力提出了更高的要求

——

注意到新闻的格式和内容安排的特点。一方面，新闻报道需要写出标题和落款，

by sb.
，最后还要写出所在的新闻机构。另一

(
时间、地点、事件、人物、目的或意义

标题注意简洁明了，落款既要写出人名还要按照新闻报道的格式写出

方面，在内容上，分三段进行写作，第一段写导语，点明事件的基本情况

写对这一事件，人物的看法、想法和观点。

在体裁上虽然不同于以往四级命题的规律，

但是万变不离其宗的是仍然把学生对英语语言能力的运用能力作为

考查重点。综观近 五年的四级写作命题趋势，无论是要说明理由、解释原因、阐明影响，第一段的功能始终都是引

入，这跟新闻报道的第一段写导语是一致的，所以考生可以结合以往作文的行文思路作为切入点书写新闻报道。 第

二段是浓墨重彩的一段，而新闻报道与普通作文的区别是更侧重事实，所以要求考生在书写 的时候只需要客观写出

事情的起因、经过、结果即可。第三段无论是以往的作文还是新闻报道，都需要给出总结

在新闻报道的结尾段作出对事件的评价和写出所的感悟就可以了。

今年考查的话题是 养老院、农场和当地小学，与考生的生活比较贴近，在写作时，列举的例子应较为典型，这

样 阅卷老师很容明白考生文中所描述的内容。同时，考生对这个例子也应很熟悉，能够熟练运用一些有关的词或短< br>
语，这样下笔时才会有话可说，从而将相关的背景知识与正确的语言表达有效地结合起来。这些 话题与大学生的生

活息息相关。这些话题对于考生而言都会有话可说，并且能够提出一定的看法和观点。

Part 2 Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)
本次四级听力难度适中，就听力文本的主题而言，难度略有下降。因为今年这套听力的内容和大学生生活较为< br>
贴近，主题以校园，生活类为主，没有难度较大的政治，经济，科技，科普之类的主题，因而， 对听力较好的同学

而言，应该会感受到比往年题目听到的生词少。

但题目设置上的难度并没有降低

出题位置来看，出题位置符合

应的答案。

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)
第二段写经过
< br>(
一般按照时间顺序进行书写，同时可以对其中一个小事进行特写，中间还可以穿插人物采访
);
第三段

(
对事件的看法和观点

)
，

(
没有题目，红色字体为猜测出题点

)
。由于目前还没有试卷选项，单就原文和

“
头尾重点

”
逻
“
辑

”
处等考点，考生在应试时若把握好这这些内容，应能较快反应出对

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Section A
News report 1
此篇新闻是关于一个从旧金山游到

Alktrask
岛屿的

9
岁男孩，首发于

2016
年
1
月美联社的报道。这属于社会

2.
新闻细节题。

新闻 ，是新闻中听懂难度较低的一种。但这篇新闻存在较多地点专有名词，可能会对考生在听力中造成影响。

1.
新闻主旨题。重点听开头前两句。

2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
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A 9-year-old central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to
Alcatraz
Island and back. A California television station Enfresno, reported Tuesday that Jim Savage, set a record as the
youngest
swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the
fourth grade
student from Losbanios broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy. Jim said that waves in the San
Francisco Bay
hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim, made him want to give up. His father said, he had offered his
son 100
dollars as a reward. To encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to 200 dollars. James pushed forward, making
it to
Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. What did the boy from central California do according to report?
2. What did the father do to encourage his son?
News report 2
这篇新闻讲述了大家比较熟悉的事件，

2.
结尾处
+
转折处考点。

On the first January
，
new regulations were coming to a fact which eliminated an annual leave bonus for
people who put
off marriage until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports. The holiday
bonus was to
design to encourage young people to delay getting married, in lines with China
o
p
n
o
e
l
i
c
y

now
been abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer necessary.
The government says. In shanghai, the young couple at the registration office told the paper that they
decided to
register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy. Because an extra holiday
was a big deal
for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the
changes were
announced. Rather than the usual number, often between 70 and 80, but one lawyer tell the paper the changes
still have to
be adopted by local governments and this procedures take time, so people who are rushing for a marriage can
relax.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China?
4. What do we learn about the new regulations?
New report 3
这篇新闻新西兰两个女佣创业，专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局。

1.
主旨题。
.
考点句位于开头处。

3.
结尾考点。

Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning up in the next morning isn
enjoyable. Now h
Zealand based startup company aims to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal. The
properly
named startup Morning After Maids, was launched about 1 month ago in Auckland by room-maids Rebecca Folly and
Catherine Ashers. Aside from cleaning up, the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers
for
recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully employed, they did cleaning jobs into their nights and
weekends
which is when their service is in most demand anyway.
关于我国将取消晚婚假。

内容生词较少，

对于考生听懂的难度应该不高。

1.
考察新闻中

“
原
因

”
要素。由于是此篇新闻的第一题，考点句仍然落在头两句。

-child policy, but with
’
thse
’
t as
Besides being flatted with request from across the country, Folly and Ashers have also received request from
the US
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and Canada to provide the services there, they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the
business
forward,
Question 5
—
7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. what is the news report mainly about?
6. what is the common problem of the house party?
7. what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do?
Long Conversation 1
长对话

这篇长对话生活类题材，

话题也是大家非常熟悉的考驾照。

是两人就男生的驾考进行对话，

男生是对话的核心，

回答女生的问题。

1.
细节题。答案在对话开头处。

2.
细节题。
3.
细节题。
4.
细节题。

W: Carl, how did your driver
’
s theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
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M: Yes, I
’
ve prepared as much as I could. But I was so nervous since it was my second trial. The people
who worked
at the test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was
just what I
needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result. But I was afraid to open it until I was outside. I was
such a relief
that I passed.
W: Congratulations! I kn
ew you could do it. I think you underestimated how difficult it would be the first
time, didn
you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time.
I
proud of you. Now, all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?
M: Yes, thanks. I
’
m so happy to be actually on the road now. I
driving lessons so far, an
instructor is very understanding. So,I
ns
s
e
s
a
s
r
e
i
on
r
a
.

ther
’
m really enjoying it. I can
’
ve only had two
’< br>A
t
l
t
w
h
o
a
u
i< br>t
g
f
h
o
r
t
h
m
e< br>y
l
e
n
s
e
s
x
o
t< br>
—
40 lessons8
ime.
’
ll
expensive. 20 pounds an hour, and the instructor says I
i
h
n
u
t
no
d
t
a
r
e
l
,
d
th
a
t

pounds. So, this time, I
be successful the first t
W: Well, good luck.
Questions 8
—
11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. What did the man do yesterday?
9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?
10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?
11. What does the man hope to do next?
’
ll need above 30
’
ll need to make a lot more effort, and hopefully, I
Long Conversation 2
这篇对话是校园场景 类的对话，出现了很多往年校园场景类对话中出现过的词汇。对话内容是两个学生在讨论

他们的学习和毕业后的工作。

开头题，

考点句就在第一轮对话的问句里。

重点听男生说话，不难发现

女生说对方的内容。最后一轮对话是男生提问，所以重点听女生。关注

细节题，

这轮对话是女生提问，

男生回答，

but
转折后的内容。

’
re going to
only
所在的句子。细节题。和第二题同一轮对话，所以重点仍然是男生说自己，或者

M: Emma, I
’
ve got accepted to the university of Leads. Since you
university in England, do yo
much it is for international students to study there?
W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students, you
around 13,000 pounds
a bit more than the local students.
M: OK, that
’
s about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway, I
going to be there for a y
masters. So it
’
s pretty good. If I stayed in the U.S., it
i
t
o
l
n
e

a
s
l

o
t

n
5
e
0
.
,

0
A
0
l

s
0
o
d
,

o
I

llar
’
ll have to pay
’
m only
’
d take 2 years, ands c
i

n
o

s
t

u
t

i
a
t

have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads, which would be pretty awesome, the benefit of being a
music genius.
W: Yeah, I heard you are a talented piano player. So you are doing a post-
graduate degree now?
I
’
i
n
m
m
s
y
t
i

llast
year, graduating next June. Finally, I
lots of money.
W: You
’
d be surprised, I
overseas, after
’
ll be done with my studies, and could go on to earning
M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money at that job then.
’
m still going to be a te
a
ch
ep
r
.l
aB
nu
t
is
t
ht
oe work at an international school
’
s better paid, and I get to travel, which reminds
’
ve got to run.
I get a year or so experience in England. It
me I
I
’
ve got some documents I need to print out first. I
12. What does the man want to know?
Questions 12
—
15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
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13. What is the man going to do?
14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university?
15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?
Passage 1
短文第一篇是说明介绍性的文章，介绍了蚂蚁 ，着重介绍了对于人类房屋有危害的蚂蚁品种。文章主旨题，答

案出现在听力开篇处。第二题的出现位置较后，需要考生保持耐心。听到

“
in addition
的
”
时候紧张起来，就能听到

答案句最后一道题往往出在结尾处。反复出现的信息。

原文：

Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world. And only a few of them bug
humans.
Most ants live in the woods, or out in nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and
clean dead and
decaying materials from the ground. A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
专业资料整理

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challenging to control. They are small enough to easily slip inside your house. Live in colonies that number in
the tens of
thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in, and hard to
kick out.
Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to barging ants, other species can
cause different
kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with the
electrical units.
Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because it provides everything the colony needs to
survive, such
as food, water, and shelter. So, how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? Most important of all,
avoid giving
ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up
spills as soon as
they occur, and store food in air-tight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as
possible. And
store your outside garbage in a lidded can, while away from doors and windows.
Questions 16
—
18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. What does the passage say about ants?
17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?
18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?
Passage 2
短文第
2
篇是一篇自述，介绍了

“
我

”
在老年保健领域的研究工作。体裁接近下午六级

和第
2
题的位置很接近。但通过反复听到的

原文：

My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to
fight
infections. It also protects us from viruses and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as we get older, it's
easier for us to
“
old
”
和
”
health
，
”
不难找到答案。

答案出现在听力开篇处，第一句话直接出答案，在开头走神的考生很容易失去第一道题的答案。细节题。 细节题，

section C
。文章主旨题，

get affections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really
doesn't
function so well when we age. In most of our work, when we were looking at older adults
who
’
ve got a
have to have health controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand
Elders,
these volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good health. They come to the university to provide us with blood
samples to be
interviewed and to help us to carry out a whole range of research. The real impact of our research is going to
be on health in
old age. At the moment, we are living much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at 2 years for every decade,
that means an
extra 5 hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age, and that they
are not spending
time in hospital with infection. Felling unwell and being generally weak we want people to be healthy even when
they are
old.
Questions 19
—
21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. What is the focus of the speaker
’
s research?
20. What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research?
21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?
Passage 3
短文第
3
篇是记叙文，

人物故事题。

介绍了一个老师在小学教授国际象棋的事，

介绍学校和人物故事是四级短文出现很多次的类型。

1.
第一题答案仍然出现在听力开篇处，第一句话直接出答案。

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也介绍了这所小学的教学特点。

2.
细节题。
3.
细节题

4.
细节题。

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When Ted K omada started teaching 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary, he didn
to manage a cl
’
t know how
was struggling to connect with students, he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get
together to
play chess.
“
I know how to play chess, let me go and show these kids how to do it,
he said. Now, Kom
”

school
’
s chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school. And this week,
dozens of
those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young
people at the
Super Nationals of Chess. The competition only happens every four years, and the last time the team went, they
won the
third place in the nation. Komada says Chess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest
number of kids
from low-income families. Police frequent the area day and night. As 2 months ago, a young man was shot just
down the
street. Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The
lessons proved
valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students
are more likely
to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
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Questions 22
—
25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary?
23. What are dozens of students from Komada
25. What have the students learned from Komada?
Part
Ⅲ

Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for
each blank from a
list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making
your choices.
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER
SHEET 2
with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (
暗礁
) perfect for scuba driving (
水肺式潜泳
)
and preserving
marine 26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different t
han a ship, and it
wouldn
’
t normally ever touch
water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and
sunk off
the Aegean coast today/ Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but
authorities
hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.
The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through
the cabin
and around the plane
US$$100,000,but
’
s 31 . A
y
d
i
i
c
n
i

p
M
a
u
l

i
t
n
y

bought the plane from a private company for just under
’
s school going to do this week?
24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?
they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to
fall this year as
the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go,this Airbus A300 is
the largest 34
sunk aircraft ever.
Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is
exactly what
Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and
experienced divers,
this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver
I)intentionally J)investment K)revealing L)stretches
M)stripped N)territory O)victim
答案：

26. G 27. M 28. A 29. L 30.C 31.F 32. J 33. O 34. I 35. E
【答案解析】

26.
根据空格位置，

marine
此处形容词，可判断出

26
题应为名词。

marine
的意思是

“
海生的，海运的

”
固定搭
配

“
marine habitat
海洋栖
”
息地。所以本题答案为

“
G
”
habita
栖
t
息
“
地

”
。

“
A300
对
”
环

27.
根据空格位置，词性应该为动词的被动态。本篇文章对

A300
持有肯定态度，所以此句想表达

境没有任何潜在的坏处，故答案应为

“
M
”
,
“
be stripped
意
of
为

“
”
剥
夺

”
。

28.
此题空格前有

“
will
所
”
以
,
此处应填动词原形。选项中动词原形有


机可

以让人工珊瑚长的更好。所以本题答案为

“
A
”
，
create
创
“
造
，
产
生

”
。

天堂
).
’
s paradise(
A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior G) habitats H) innovate
“
A
”
和
“
H
”
根
,
据句意得知，沉没的飞
29.
此处应填动词原形，主语为

“
plane
，
”
故谓语动词应为单三形式。所以答案是

此
处

指
“
飞机机身总长为

54
米
”
。

30.
此处应填副词，用来修饰后面的

lly
这句话

“
L
”
,stretch
意
e
s
为

“
延
伸

”
，
“
be able to venture
答

案

应
”
锁
,
定在

“
C
”
eventual
和
ly
“
L
”
intentiona
。
专业资料整理

WORD
格式

的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险。故选项

31.
此处应填名词形式，因为空格前为

“
C
”
eventually
最
终
“
地

”
，更符合句意。

“
F
”
exterio
外
r
部
“
，
表
面

”
。

“
plane
’
。

名
s
”
词
选
项
有

“
F
和
”
“
N
”
。空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能

够在船舱内冒险，所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险。故答案为

32.
因为空格前为

“
on that
所
”
以
..
此
.
处应为名词。本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱，所以他们希望通过

旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报。所以答案为

“
J
”
investmen
投
t
资
“

”
。

33.
此处应填名词形式。

空格后的内容为

“
严重的致命恐怖袭击

”
，所以空格处应为

victim
受
“
害

者

”
。
故
答
案
为

“
O
”
。

34.
此处应为副词形式。因为副词修饰形容词

“
largest
。
副
”
词
只
剩

“
I
”
intentional
有
ly
目的性地 ，故意地，修
饰后

面
sunk,
所以本题答案为

“
I
。
”

2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
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格式

35.
此题应为

v.-ing
形式，与
and
前的
“
taking a trip unde rwater
保持并列
”
。
“
E
”
explori n
和
g
“
K
”
revealin
都
g
是
v.-ing
形式。根据本句句意，

“
E
”
exploring
探
索
“

”
更符合句意。本句话的意思是

“
水下旅行和探索沉没的

A300
的内部都会

是一场冒险

”
。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You
may choose
a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the
corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do
when
one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done:
packing,
going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when
we try to
have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading
the same
studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (
继续处理
) the emails that have
inevitably still
piled up.
[B] Why should flying deplete us? We
resilie
’
nt
t (
有

’
re just sitting there doing nothing. W
w
e
h
y
b
c
e
a
t
n
o
u
g
h
e
r
,

more
复原力的
) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our
current
research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the
problem comes
from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic,
Marine pulling himself
“
tough
”
approach to resilience and determination like a
through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one
more play.
We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.
However, this
entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient
and successful.
Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health
and safety
problems. And lack of recovery
—
whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous
cognitive arousal
by watching our phones
—
is costing our companies $$62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn
5pm, but then we
ar
’
e
r
e
t

c
m
o
e
v
a
e
n
r

i
n
w
g
e
.

We
“
stop
”
work sometimes at
spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling
asleep thinking
about how much work we
’
ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, r
e
c
s
h
e
e
a
r

s from Norway found that 7.8% of
Norwegians have become workaholics(
工作狂

). The scientists cite a definition of
“
workaholism
”
as
“
being
concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work
that it
impairs other important life areas.
”

专业资料整理

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格式

[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers,
which
prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a
major medical
company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive
recovery,
resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children
resilience
might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion
of resilience! A
resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the
road with his
impaired driving; he doesn
w
c
o
e
n
r
t
s
r
o
e
l
l
f
w
i
t
h

his
’
t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has l
o
-
friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and
the bad
habits we acquire when we
’
re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need
more
time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to
“
try hard
”
require
order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we
become due
to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value
of a recovery
period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
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[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like
answering emails
or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next
morning, you
’
ll
have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to
fall asleep
because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can
still feel
exhausted the next day. That
[J] If you
As
’
s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
’
re trying i
t
l
o
d

breusilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods.
“
Internal
researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper:
recovery refers to the shorter
relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled
or
unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources
required
for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place
outside of
work
—
e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or
vacations.
”
If af
around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about
decisions about
how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need
a rest as
much as our bodies do.
[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the
resources to be
tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop
during the day
by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many
times
you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by
strategically
scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every
distraction
took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.
[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have
lunch at your
desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends
—
not talking about work. Take all of your paid time
off, which not
only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.
[M] As for us, we
recovery phase.
’
ve started using our plane time as a
-
f
r
w
e
e
o
r
z
k
o
n
e
,

and thus time to dip into the
The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded
space and
unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep,
watch
movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and
ready to return
to the performance zone.
36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.
37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.
38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one
efficiency.
39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.
40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.
专业资料整理

’
s work
WORD
格式

41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.
42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.
44. People
’
s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.
45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.
答案：答案：

36.D 37. J 38. L 39. A 40. E 41. K 42. I 43.B 44. G 45. C
36.
答案：

D
。题干中

inadequate recovery
替换原文

D
段中的

lack of a recovery
。

37.
答案：
J
。题干中

relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is
替换原文

J
段中第二句的

the mental or
physical resources required
。

38.
答案：

L
。题干中

increases one
productivity
’
s work efficie
替
nc
换
y
原文

L
段最后一句中的

raises your
43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.
39.
答案：
A
。题干中

has a hectic time before taking a flight.
替换原文

A
段第三句中的

Then, when we try to
have that
amazing work session in flight
。

40.
答案：
E
。题干中
Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.
替换原文

E
段第
一句

的
And just because work stops, it
doesn
’
t mean we are recoverin
。
g
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
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格式

41.
答案：
K
。题干中

technology be used to prevent people from overworking
替换原文
K

段第二句中的

by
using
technology to control overworking
。

42.
答案：
I
题干中

rest does not equal recovery
替换原文
I

段中最后一句

That
’
s because rest and recovery
are not the
same thing
。

43.
答案：
B
。题干中

problem results from a misunderstanding
替换原文
B

段最后一句中的

the problem comes
from
a misconception
。

44.
答案：
G
题干中

developed from their upbringing
替换原文
G

段中第一句的

often bred from an early age
45.
答案：
C
题干中

People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.
替换原文
C

段第二句中的

We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful
we will be
。

Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished
statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark
the
corresponding
Passage One
Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time
summ
?
er
?
, a.
.
g
t
r
r
o
a
u
i

n
p
i

n
g
—

of culture addicts, artists and community organization
walls of an old house o
Governo
r
’
s Island.
The project is called Writing On it All, and it
?

.. that has hap
Island every summer since 2013.
“
Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island
happen
?
t
o
..
b
,
o
e
r

they j
there,
”

Alexandra Chasin , artistic director
?

?

tells .
?

..to
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by
domestic workers . Eac
theme, and participants are give
art.
ust kind of
’
s a participatory writing project
this
?

?
.
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
?

. New Yorkers to write all over the
?

.and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and
?

?

of exile.
that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one
?

..vernor
’
s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for
?

.own as
art
“
New York
and play,
?

fo
”

the island ,
?

?

and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay ,is closed to cars but open to
“
le
涂
ga
鸦
l
g)r
?
aff
?
iti(
notes and art scribbled (
涂画
)on the walls are an
?

.activity of
adventures, as well as these
experiment in
self-
?

?

have ranged in age from 2 to Chasin says the focus of
writing, rather than the te
ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.
“
One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls,
explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it.
“
people do be
beautiful messages.
”

46. what does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?
A) Unlearn their training in drawing.
B) Participate in a state graffiti show.
专业资料整理

WORD
格式

C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti
D) Exhibit their artistic creation in an old house.
47. what do we learn about the participants in the project?
A) They are just culture addicts. C)They are writers and artists
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts D)They are mostly passers-by
48. What did the project participants do during the 2016 season?
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind.
B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session
C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing.
D) They were required to cooperate with other creators.
49. What kind of place is Governor
’
s Island?
2019
年
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完
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WORD
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A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists
B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles
D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round.
50. What does Chasin say about the project?
A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females
B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art.
C) It has started the career of many creative artists.
D) It has created some meaningful artistic works.
【答案】

CDBAD
【解析】

46.
选
C
，替换了原文

para1
中的

to write
all over the walls of an old house on Governor
Island.
A
：对原文

1-1
细节信息的改写重组：原文

词

汇，组合成了该干扰选项。

’
s
1-1
中的

learn
被改成

unlearn ,
再结合

train
贺
d
raw
两个原文复现< br>B
：对原文信息的增补，文中未提及这个活
动
是
一
s
how
。学生易选到该选项是因
场
为
受
到

的干扰。

D
：属于无中生有，

artistic creations
未出现
过

2-1participatory
一词

47.
选
D
，由定位词

participants
定位在

3-1
，
D
选项对原文的

people who are just walking by
进行了改写

A
，
C
，
B
选项受

1-2
中信息

culture addicts, artists
等
的
干
扰
?

.
48.
选
B
，由定位词

2016season
回到原文

para4, B
答案是对

4-2Each season has a theme , and participants
are
given
?

and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and ar.t
A :
原文未提及

be free to scribble
C
：受到

4-4
中

collaborative
一词的干扰，对原文进行了概
换

偷
的
念
D
：
“
他们被要求与其他创作者协同
合
作

”
符合常识，易被学生搞混

的改写

49.
选
A
，
A
是对原文

5-1
?

is a national historic landmark district long used for
?
.
B
：错在

only to..
原文

5-4
说明这个岛屿还会对其他对象
开
放

C
：原文细节信息重组，

4-5
与

5-3
重组出的错误
信
息

D
：无中生有

50.
选
D
，是对

6-3
“
people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages
的改写

A
：错在

just focused on
原
?
文
.
未提及这点

这
个
选
项
?

很符合常识，所以
易
被选去

B
：错在

help expand the influence of
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient cost-
saving, a
recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage
with them or
stick with them.
The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression, helping people challenge
negative
thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT
programs have
been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a
computer.
A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (
随机的

) control trialwith691
depressed
patients from 83 physician practices across the England. The patients were split into three groups: one group
received only
专业资料整理

”

C
：

“
它开启了许多创造性艺术家们的事
”
也是 个符合常识的选项，易被选去，但原文未提及这点
涯
生
业
。

WORD
格式

usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two
computerized
CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity
and
duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(
抗抑郁药
)
.
After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels
over
the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完
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