怎样下载2019年6月大学英语四级真题及参考答案(第一套)

2021年1月24日发(作者：s是什么意思)
2019
年
6
月大学
英语四级
真题解析及参考答案

Part I Writing (30 minutes)



Directions
:
For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to
write
a
news report to yourcampusnewspaper
on a volunteer activity organized by your Student
Union toassistelderly people in the neighborhood
. You should write at least 120 words but no
more than180 words.

【参考范文】

OnJune 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the
local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.

The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help
elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and psychological. Many students
volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by
making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those
volunteers
’
feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying
“
what a
wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for
others in need.
”

All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those
students involved.

【参考范文译文】

6
月
14
日，星期五，学生会组织了一 个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与
其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。

此次志愿活动旨在拜访当地敬老院的老人们并对他们各个方面的困难提供帮助。
许多学生主
动 加入到此次善举当中，
帮老人们洗衣做饭、
谈心解闷，
竭尽所能提供帮助。问及参与此 次
活动的感想时，
他们毫无例外地回道
“真是太有意义了，
很感谢这次经历，
它让我懂得要去
更加关爱那些有困难的人”

总而言之，
此次活动取 得了巨大成功，
不仅仅对那些老人来说受益多多，
对于参与的学生来
说也是意义良多。


Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)



Section A

The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away.
It has26from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.

In a27to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced28that could
make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles
and put them on the road.

“Michigan’s
29in auto research and development is under attack from several states and
countries which desire to30our leadership in transportat
ion. We can’t let happen
,
” says Senator
Mike Kowall, the lead31of four bills recently introduced.

If all four bills pass as written, they would32
a substantial update of Michigan’s 2013 law that
allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited cturer would have nearly
total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to
send groups of self-driving cars on cross- state road trips, and even set on-demand33of
self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.

Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of
self-driving technology. In34,California, home of Silicon Valley,recently proposed far more35rules
that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving
technology.

A) bid B)contrast

C)deputy D)dominance

E) fleets

F) knots

G) legislation

I)replace

J) represent

k) restrictive

L) reward

M) significant

N)sponsor

O) transmitted

【参考答案】
26-30 HAGDI31-35 NJEBK

Section B

How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100

A.

Today in the United States there are 72,000
centenarians
（百岁老人）
.Worldwide,
Probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a
million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his
co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or
more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for
Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.

Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the
associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently
needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what
happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply
equate
longevity
(
长寿
) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life,
not just the end of it.

Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then
this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are
not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying
that
“
70 is the new 60
”
or
“
40 the new 30.
”
If you age more slowly over a longer time period,
then you are in some sense younger for longer.

commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a
career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In
1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that
milestone
(
里程碑
)had
shifted to age 29.

B.

C.

D.

But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make
E.

While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing
realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the
longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more
valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the
commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being
delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in
their twenties.

F.

Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Yes,
unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now
in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your
early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even
into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over
thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to
cognitive
(
认知的
) and emotional vitality.
Many people may simply not want to do it.

G.

And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just
lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for
a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets
such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.

H.

The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education,
administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained,
60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your
skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will,
at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.

It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages
containing two, three, or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could
potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and
personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on
exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer,
yet another on making a social

Contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to
different cities, and provide

Foundation for building a wide variety of skills.

J) Transitions between stages could be marked with
sabbaticals
(
休假
) as people find tim

rest and
recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times,

these
breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles,
firms, or industries cease to exist.

K
）
A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also
in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change
and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many.
That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new
ideas will become even more crucial skills.

L
）
These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply
because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible
sequences.

M
）
With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage
life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers
and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time,
and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could
be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent
producer at any age.

A.

N
）
Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune
with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed
by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even
grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an
issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for
longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.

36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.

37. Just extending one
’
s career may have both positive and negative effects.

38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.

39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of
their parents or grandparents.

40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.

41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.

42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.

43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and
emotional well-being.

44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.

45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.


【参考答案】

36-40 IGDNA

41-45 KHFMC


Section C

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

In the classic marriage
vow
（誓约）
, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But
a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the
husband
—
becomes seriously ill.

“
Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with
the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,
”
said researcher Amelia
Karraker.

Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a
study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one
of the partners was over the age of 50.

The researchers examined how the
onset
（发生）
of four serious physical illnesses affected
marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied.
The incidence of new
chronic
（慢性的）
illness onset increased over time as will, with more
husbands than wives developing serious health problems.