ports英语标点及大小写

2021年1月24日发(作者：差距英文)
标点和字母大写


一、

例子：

1)

John was painting Marry and Jane and others were singing

2)

The boy thinks his father will come back soon

二、

标点：

1)

句号

(period)
i.

用于陈述句、间接引语及大多数祈使句之后；

ii.

缩写词之后：

Dr. / Jr. / Nov. / W. Shakespeare
。

2)

问号

（
question mark
）

i.

用于有疑问的结构（词、短语、句）末，表示问话完了的停顿；

ii.

通常在引文中置于圆括号之内，表示对前面提到的词或事物表示质
疑：



























































He was born in 1572 (?) and died in 1622.
3)

感叹号（
exclamation point
）

i.

用于一切被赋予强烈感情的结构之后：




























Oh! / Tom! / Look (out)!

4)

跨类现象：符号的使用更注重功能性而非单纯取决于句子类型。

i.

You do have the book?
ii.

You hit me!
5)

逗号（
comma
）

i.

用于并列成分或主从成分之间：

1.

You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. (and, but, yet,
nor, or)
2.

He can, may, should, and will do it.
3.

Being careless, he often makes mistakes.
4.

He has a pretty wife, who is a worker.
5.

The mystery, however, remains unsolved.
ii.

用于含有直接引语的陈述句中的相应位置：

1.

He said,
―
I will never believe you again.
‖

2.

―
You did your homework yourself,
‖
the teacher said.
3.

―
All of you,
‖
the teacher said,
―
must be here.
‖

4.

―
We are the people
‘
s soldier,
‖
Lei Feng said.
―
We love our people.
‖

iii.

并列结构中代替重复的部分：

1.

Helen is studying hard; Tom, scarcely at all.
iv.

分割千位数：
9
，
600
，
000;
分割时间：
Sunday, Mar. 7, 2010;
分割地
点：
No. 10 Downing Street, London, UK;
用于姓名：
Shakespeare, W. /
John Smith, Editor in Chief.
v.

信首称呼语，信末客套语：
Dear Friend, / Yours truly,
6)

分号（
semicolon
）

不用连接词连接的独立分句：
The holidays are over; we must get down
to work.
ii.

用于副词之前：
The composition is all right; however, there is room for
improvement.
iii.

连接词之前：
You may do it yourself; or ask someone else to do it.
7)

冒号（
colon
）

i.

主句之后的从句起说明、引申作用：

1.

I have some news for you: our teacher has gone abroad.
ii.

同位语：

1.

He had only one pleasure: reading.
2.

Three countries were represented: England, France, and Belgium.
iii.

介绍正式引语、声明：

1.

His arguments are as follow:
―…
.
‖

iv.

正是公函的称呼语之后：

1.

Ladies and Gentleman:
8)

破折号

（
dash
）

i.

句子的连续性遭到破坏：

1.

People saw the poor little girl with a lot of burned matches round her
—

dead.
2.

He said,
―
I am at a loss to understand
—
‖

ii.

同位语：

1.

There are three ways by which heat travels
—

radiation,
conduction and convection.
iii.

引文出处：

1.

―
A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.
‖
















































—
Karl Marx
iv.

对话：

1.

—
Hi there.
—
Hi.
v.

强调某个词：

1.

And this great man is criticized by
—
you.
vi.

插入语：

1.

I like the English saying
—
it
‘
s easy to put into practice
—

―
An
apple a day keeps the doctor away.
‖

vii.

副标题之前：

1.

Seven Returns to the Homeland

















—
An interview with Zhao Haosheng
viii.

重复结构中表对前面内容的强调：

1.

But how could I know
—
how could I know that he would go out
alone.
ix.

说话间的停顿或犹豫：

2.

One
—
two
—
three
—
go!
9)

省略号

（
Ellipsis
）

i.

词或句子的省略：

i.