平方差新概念第一册笔记整理

2021年1月24日发(作者：没什么大不了的)
英语学习

新概念第一册
1-2
课文详解及英语语法


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Excuse me
对不起。


这是常用于表示道歉的客套话，
相当于汉语中的
“
劳驾
”
、
“
对不起
”
。当我们要引起别人的注意、要
打搅别人或打 断别人的话时，通常都可使用这一表
达方式。在课文中，男士为了吸引女士的注意而使
用了这句 客套话。它也可用在下列场合：向陌生人
问路，借用他人的电话，从别人身边挤过，在宴席
或会 议中途要离开一会儿等等。

2
．
Yes
？什么事？


课文中的

Yes
？应用升调朗读，意为：
“
什 么
事？
”
Yes
？以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也
含有请对方 说下去的意思。

3
．
Pardon
？对不起，请再说一遍。


当我们没听 清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能
重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式
的说法是：

I
beg
your
pardon.
I
beg
your
pardon?
Pardon
me.

它们在汉语中的意思相当于
“
对不起，请再说一
遍
”或者
“
对不起，请再说一遍好吗？
”

4
．
Thank you very much
．非常感谢！

< br>这是一句表示感谢的用语，意为
“
非常感谢
（你）
”
。请看下 列类似的表达式，并注意其语气
上的差异：

Thank you.
谢谢（你）。

Thanks!
谢谢！

5
．数字
1
～
10
的英文写法

1
—
one
2
—
two
3
—
three
4
—
four
5
—
five
6
—
six
7
—
seven
8
—
eight
9
—
nine
10
—
ten
语法

Grammar in use


一般疑问句


一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。
通过主谓倒装可将带有
be
的陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将
be
的适当形式移到主 语之前，如：


陈述句：
This is your watch.
这是你的手表。


疑问句：
Is this your watch?
这是你的手表吗？

（可参见


Lessons 15
～
16
语法部分有关

be
的一
般现在时形式的说明。）

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
coat
n.
上衣，
外套：

Is this your coat?
这
是你的外套吗？

coat and skirt<
英
>
（上衣、裙子匹配的）西式女
套装


1
2
．
dress
n.

（
1
）连衣裙；套裙：

Is this your dress?
这是
你的连衣裙吗？


（
2
）
服装；
衣服：

casual dress
便服；

evening
dress
晚礼服


新概念第一册
3-4
课文详解及英语语法

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
My coat and my umbrella please.
请把我的大
衣和伞拿给我。


这是一个省略形式的祈使句，
完整的句子应为：

Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.

口语中，在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词
和间接宾语，如：

(Show me your) Ticket, please.
请出示你的票。

(Show
me
your)Passport,
please.
请出示您的护
照。

2
．
Here's your umbrella and your coat.
这是您的
伞和大衣。

Here's
是

Here is
的缩略形式。
全句原为：
Here
is your umbrella and your coat
．
缩略形式和非缩略形
式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有 ，但非缩略形式
常用于比较正式的场合。
Here
's…
是一种习惯用法，< br>句中采用了倒装句式，即系动词提到了主语之前。
又如

Here
is
my
ticket
这句话用正常的语序时为

My ticket is here
。

3
．
Sorry = I'm sorry
。


这是口语中的缩略形式，通常在社交场合中用
于表示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。

Sorry
和

Excuse
me
虽在汉语中都可作
“
对不
起
”
讲，但

sorry
常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉，
而

Excuse me
则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。

4
．
Sir
，先生。


这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长 者或上级的
尊称。例如：在服务行业中，服务员对男顾客的称
呼通常为

sir
：

What can I do for you, sir?
先生，
您要买什么？

Thank you, sir.
谢谢您，先生。

sir
通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中：

Dear sir
亲爱的先生

Dear sirs
亲爱的先生们／诸位先生们

Sir
可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名之前
（但
不用于姓氏之前）：

Sir Winston Churchill
温斯顿
·
丘吉尔爵士

Sir William Brown
威廉
·
布朗爵士

5
．数字
11
～
15
的英文写法

英语学习

11
—
eleven 12
—
twelve 13
—
thirteen
1
4
—
fourteen 15
—
fifteen

语法

Grammar in use


否定句


否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反，< br>它表示
“
否定
”
，
并且含有一个如
not
之类的否定词。一个内含
be
的否定形式的陈述句，应在其后加

not
，以构成否
定句：


肯定句：

This is my umbrella.
这是我的伞。


否定句：

This is not my umbrella.
这不是我的伞。


请再看课文中的这两句话：


针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是

No
，
it's
not
／
it isn't
。
此处省略和非省略形式的关系为：
is not
=isn't
；
it is = it's
。全句应为：

No, it is not my umbrella.
不，它不是我的伞。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
suit
n.
（一套）衣服：

Is this your suit?
这是你的衣服吗？

a man's suit
一套男装；

a woman's suit
一套女
装

2
．
please
：
interjection

（表示有礼貌地请求对方）请；烦劳：

My coat and my umbrella please.
请把我的大衣
和伞拿给我。

Please come in.
请进。


新概念第一册
5-6
课文详解及练习答案


新概念第一册
5-6
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Good morning
．早上好。


英语中常见的问候用句。
对此问候的回应一般也
是
Good morning
。
根据一天中见面时间的不同还可
以说
Good
afternoon
（下午好）和

Good
evening< br>（晚上好）。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声
Hello
。

2
．
This is Miss Sophie Dupont
．
这位是索菲娅
·
杜
邦小姐。

This
is+
姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句
式。课文中的例子还有：

Sophie, this is Hans.
索菲娅，这位是汉斯。

And this is Naoko.
这位是直子。

3
．
Mr
．

Blake
／
Miss Sophie Dupont
，布莱克先
生／索菲娅
·
杜邦

小姐。


2

英语国家中人的姓名通常由
3< br>部分组成，
即：
名
+
中间名
+
姓。


在一般情况下，不用中间名。在熟悉的人中间，
以名相称，而在正式的场合中常用
< br>Mr
．
（先生），
Mrs
．（太太），
Miss
（小 姐）或
Ms
．（女士）这
些称呼再加上姓。

Mr
．用于男士的姓之前，不能单独使用，如课
文中的

Mr
．
Blake
；而
sir
一般单独使用，是对长
者、上司或男顾客的尊称，如：

Sorry, sir.
对不起，先生。

Miss
一般用于指未婚女子，不过有时在不知道
对方是否已婚时也可使用。

4
．
Nice to meet you
．很高兴见到你。


用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。
对方的回应
一般应为
Nice
to
meet
you
，
too
（我也很高兴见到
你）。


人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用：
How do you
do
？相应的回答也是：
How do you do
？这是一句问
候语，并非问话。

5
．国籍与国家名称有别


请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。
课文
的

French< br>，
German
，
Japanese
，
Korean
以及
Chinese
都是表示国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为

Chinese
而不是

China
。


语法

Grammar in use

1
．特殊疑问句


以疑问词

who
，
what
，
when
，
which
，
why
，where
，
whose
，
how
等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问 句，也叫
疑
问
词
疑
问
句
，
有
时< br>还
被
称
为

wh-
问
句
（
wh-question
）。结构一般为：疑 问词
+
助动词
+
主
语
+
主动词等。作为疑问词的< br>what
可以用来询问名
字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问
句：

What
make
is
this
car?
这辆小汽车是什么牌子
的？

What nationality are you?
你是哪国人？

What is your job?
你的工作是干什么？

What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的？

What size is this skirt?
这条裙子是多大号的？

2
．
a
和

an
Sophie is a new student.
索菲娅是一名新学生。

This is an umbrella.
这是一把雨伞。


这两个句子中出现的
a
／
an
在英语中被称为不
定冠词。
a
和
an
在意义上没有区别。用
a
／
an
时，
我们必须记住两条基本原则：

英语学习


（
1
）
a
／
an< br>有不确定的意义（即所说的人、动
物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的）。


（
2
）
a
／
an
只能用于单数可数名词 之前。


此外还需注意
a
和
an
的发音：
a
（在平时讲话中
发／
+
／音）用于辅音（不是辅音字母）之前；
an
（／
+(
／）用于元音（不仅仅是以元音字母
a
，
e< br>，
i
，
o
，
u
开头的词）之前。当我们把
a
或
an
用来说
明字母表中的字母时，便会一目了然：

This
is
a
B
／
C
／
D
／G
／
J
／
K
／
P
／
Q
／R
／
T
／
U
／
V
／
W
／Y
／
Z
．


这是一个

B
／
C
／
D
／
G
／
J
／
K
／
P
／
Q
／
R
／
T
／
U
／
V
／
W
／
Y
／
Z
字母。

This
is
an
A
／
E
／
F< br>／
H
／
I
／
L
／
M
／
N< br>／
O
／
S
／
X
．


这是 一个
A
／
E
／
F
／
H
／
I
／
L
／
M
／
N
／
O
／
S
／
X
字母。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
make
n.
（产品的）牌子；类型，型号；式
样：

What make is your watch?
你的手表是什么牌子
的？

Her
dress
is
of
Italian
make.
她的连衣裙是意大
利式的。

2
．
English
adj.
英国（人）的；英格兰（人）
的；英国化的：

Is it an American car or an English car?
它是美
国车还是英国车？

John
is
very
English.
约翰生活行事非常英国
化。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 6
A
Alice is a student. She isn't German. She is French.
This is her car. It is a French car.
Hans is a student. He isn't French.
He is German. This is his car. It is a German car.
B
1
Is
she
a
German
student
or
a
Japanese
student?
She
isn't
a
German
student.
She's
a
Japanese student.
2
Is this a German car or a French car?
It
isn't a German car. It's a French car.
3
Is
he
an
Italian
student
or
a
German
student?
He
isn't
an
Italian
student.
He's
a
German student.

3
4
Is
she
an
Italian
student
or
a
Chinese
student?
She
isn't
an
Italian
student.
She
is
a
Chinese student.
5
Is this an American car or an English car?
It
isn't an American car. It's an English car.
6
Is
he
a
Japanese
student
or
a
Korean
student?
He
isn't
a
Japanese
student.
He's
a
Korean
student.
7
Is this an English car or an Italian car?
It
isn't an English car. It's an Italian car.
8
Is
he
an
English
student
or
a
Chinese
student?
He
isn't
an
English
student.
He's
a
Chinese student.
9
Is
this
a
French
car
or
a
German
car?
It
isn't a French car. It's a German car.
10
Is
this
a
Chinese
car
or
a
Japanese
car? It
isn't a Chinese car. It's a Japanese car.
11
Is this an English car or an American car?
It
isn't an English car. It's an American car.
12
Is
this
a
Japanese
car
or
a
Korean
car?
It
isn't a Japanese car. It's a Korean car.

新概念第一册
7-8
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
My name's = My name is
。


这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型：
My
name
is…
（后面加上自己的姓名）。有时也可用
I'm…
这
一句型。

2
．
Are you French
，
too
？你也是法国人吗？


在英语中，
too
和
either
两个词都表示
“
也
”
的意
思，然而
too
仅用于肯定句中，
either
则限于用在
否定句中。
too
和
either
一般都放在句末，
且前面 通
常用逗号隔开。例如：

Is
Sophie
Italian,
too?
索菲娅也是意大利人
吗？

Is Robert a keyboard operator, too?
罗伯特也是
电脑录入员吗？

3
．
What nationality are you
？你是哪国人？


此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问

Where
are you from
？或

Where do you come from
？

4
．
What's your job
？你是做什么工作的？

What's
=What
is
。询问对方从事何种职业时还
可以说：
What do you do
？

5
．
I'm an engineer
．我是工程师。

I'm
／
aim
／
=I am
。口语中经常使用这种缩略形
式。英语不定冠词有两个：
a
，
an
。在发音以元音音
英语学习
素开头的词前面用
an
，
在发音以辅音音素开头的词
前面用< br>a
。
engineer
／
?enDNi'ni+
／的发音是以 元音
音素开头的，
所以前面要用
an
。
（
可参见
L essons 5
～
6
中的有关说明。）

6
．数字
16
～
20
的英文写法

16
—
sixteen 17
—
seventeen 18
—
eightee
n
19
—
nineteen 20
—
twenty

语法

Grammar in use


以疑问词
what
所引导的特殊疑问句


（可参见

Lessons
5
～
6
中的有关说明 。）
What…
？这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等：

What nationality are you?
你是哪国人？

What's your job?
你是干什么的？


对于以上两个问句可如下回答：

I'm Swedish.
我是瑞典人。

I'm an air hostess.
我是一名空中小姐。


现在不妨改用第
3
人称单数来进行类似的问
答：


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
job
n.

（
1
）职业：

What's
your
job?
你是做什么工
作的？


（
2
）
（一件）
工作，
活计：

The whole job takes
about 40 minutes.
整个工作大约需要四十分钟。


（
3
）
职责：

It's your job to be on time.
准时是
你应该做到的事。

2
．
nurse

（
1
）
n
．护士；照料者：

Is
she
a
nurse
or
a
housewife?
她是护士还是
家庭主妇？


（
2
）
v
．照料；照看：

All her time goes into nursing her child.
她把全
部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。


（
3
）
v
．养护；培养：

nurse a young tree
养护树苗

nurse an author of promise
培养有前途的作家


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 8
A
1
My
name
is
Robert.
I
am
a
student.
I
am
Italian.
2
Sophie is not Italian. She is French.
3
Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.
B
1
What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.

4
2
What's
her
job?
Is
she
a
policewoman?
Yes,
she is.
3
What's his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.
4
What's her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she
is.
5
What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.
6
What's her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.
7
What's his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.
8
What's his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.
9
What's her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she
is.
10
What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.
新概念第一册
9-10
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
How are you today
？你今天好吗？


这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情
况的寒暄话，一般回答语为：

Fine, thank you.
很好，谢谢。

I'm fine, thank you.
很好，谢谢。

I'm very well, thank you.
很好，谢谢。


如问及对方的先生或太太的情况，可以说

How
is Tony
？或
How's Emma
？等。


相应的回答可为

He's fine
，
thanks
或

She's very
well
，
thankyou
等。

2
．
And you
？你好吗？


是
And
how
are
you
？的简略说法。在回答对方
问候健康的话之后反问时用。

3
．数字
21
与
22
的英文写法

21
—
twenty-one 22
—
twenty-two
语法

Grammar in use

1
．
How…
？的一些社交上的用法


how
是一个表示
“
如何
”
的疑问词，可以用来
引导一些用于社交 场合的套话：

（
1
）用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况：


How are you?
你好吗？


How is Helen today?
海伦今天好吗？


How have you been?
你一向可好？

（
2
）
How do you do
？（你好吗？）是正式介绍
中的一句套话，从不用来询问健康：


（
3
）
how
经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里，
如：
How's life?
生活如何？

How are things?
情
况怎样？

How's work?
工作怎么样？

2
．形容词的意义与作用

（
1
）形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们
用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样< br>英语学习

的。例如，形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温
度、外形、颜色、产地。


（
2
）许多形容词可用以回答

What…like
？这< br>样的问题，并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信
息。


（
3
）
英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，
如：

a
young
nurse
一
位
年
轻
的
护
士
;
an
old
mechanic
一位老机械师

a
lazy
housewife
一个懒惰的家庭主妇
;
a
thin
woman
一个瘦瘦的女人


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
look v.
（
1
）看，瞧，观，望：

Look at that man. Is he thin?
瞧那个男人。
他瘦
吗？

Look carefully before you cross the street.
过马
路前要仔细看清来往车辆。

（
2
）面向，朝向：


The room looks on the sea.
房间面向大海。


Two windows look to the south.
两扇窗子朝南。


2
．
fine adj.
（
1
）
健康的；
舒适的：

How is Steven today?
史
蒂文今天怎么样？

（
2
）极好的，优秀的：

a
fine
view
美好的景
色

a fine teacher
一位优秀教师


（
3
）优雅的，雅致的：

He
is
a
man
with
fine
manners.
他是一个举止优雅的男人。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 10
A
1 Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's a teacher.
2 This isn't my umbrella. It's your umbrella.
3 Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a keyboard operator.
4 Steven isn't cold. He's hot.
5 Naoko isn't Chinese. She's Japanese.
6 This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish car.
B
1 Look at that man. He's very fat.
2 Look at that woman. She's very thin.
3 Look at that policeman. He's very tall.
4 Look at that policewoman. She's very short.
5 Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty.
6 Look at that nurse. She's very clean.
7 Look at Steven. He's very hot.
8 Look at Emma. She's very cold.

5
9 Look at that milkman. He's very old.
10 Look at that air hostess. She's very young.
11 Look at that hairdresser. He's very busy.
12 Look at that housewife. She's very lazy.

新概念第一册
11-12
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Whose shirt is that
？那是谁的衬衫？


这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。

2
．
Yes
，
sir
？什么事，
先生？

请参见

Lessons
1
～
2
课文详注以及

Lessons 3
～
4
课文详注。

3
．
Here you are
．给你。


是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或
对 方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，往往用
这种表达方式。也可以说：
Here it is
（指单数的物）
或

Here
they
are（指复数的物）。句中的
are
和
is
一般应重读。

4
．非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系：

it is
not = it isn't = it's not
。

5
．数字
30
的英文写法：

30
—
thirty
语法

Grammar in use

1
．以疑问词

whose
引导的特殊疑问句

（
1
）用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而
且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加< br>-'s
形式（如

Tim's
蒂姆的），或者是一个所有格代词（如

mine
我的）。


（
2
）这时

whose
也可在句子中作表语，如：

（
3
）当所有关 系中指的是某件东西或某种物质
时，
whose
后面的名词可以省略：

2
．所有格形容词和所有格代词

（
1
）所有格形容词与所 有格代词都表示所有，
即某人或某物属于某一个人，
回答以
whose
引导的
问句。所有格形容词
my
，
your
等是限定词，必须
始终 放在名词之前，只能作定语。它们的形式取决
于所有者，
而不是被拥有的东西。
所有格 代词
mine
，
yours
等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时要加重语
气。
它们指人或物，
单数或复数都一样。
请见下表：

This is my car.
这是我的汽车。（定语）

That is her coat.
这是她的上衣。（定语）

Your car is red
，
mine is blue.
你的车是红色的，
我的是蓝色的。（主语）

This book is his
，
not yours.
这本书是他的，不
是你的。（表语）

I have my way, and she has hers.
我有我的处事
方式，她有她的。（宾语）

英语学习


（
2
）名词所有格是在词尾加
-'s
构成的，不仅
可作定语，还可作表语：

Is this Dave's shirt?
这是戴夫的衬衫吗？（作
定语）

Whose
is
that
shirt?
Is
it
your
daughter's?
那条
裙子是谁的？是你女儿的吗？（作表语）


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 12
A
1 Stella is here. That is her car.
2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?
3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.
4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.
B
1
Whose
is
this
handbag?
It's
Stella
's.
It's
her
handbag.
2 Whose is this car? It's Paul's. It's his car.
3 Whose is this coat? It's Sophie 's. It's her coat.
4
Whose
is
this
umbrella?
It's
Steven's.
It's
his
umbrella.
5
Whose
is
this
pen?
It's
my
daughter's.
It's
her
pen.
6 Whose is this dress? It's my son's. It's his dress.
7 Whose is this suit? It's my father's. It's his suit.
8
Whose
is
this
skirt?
It's
my
mother's.
It's
her
skirt.
9
Whose
is
this
blouse?
It's
my
sister's.
It's
her
blouse.
10 Whose is this tie? It's my brother's. It's his tie.
11 Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's her pen.
12 Whose is this pencil? It's Hans'. It's his pencil.

词汇学习

Word study
1
．
perhaps adv.
或许，大概，可能：

Perhaps
it is, sir.
也许是，先生。

Perhaps it will rain.
也
许要下雨了。

Perhaps
it's
Sophie's
handbag.
也许这是索菲娅
的手提包。

2
．
catch v.
（
1
）接住，拦住：

Catch!
接着！


（
2
）逮住，捕捉：

catch a thief
捉住一个贼

（
3
）
染上
（疾病）
：
catch a cold
伤风

I have
caught a bad cold.
我得了重感冒。


新概念第一册
13-14
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
It's the same colour
．一样的颜色。


6
same
通常与定 冠词
the
连用，
表示
“
同一的
”
、
“< br>相
同的
”
：

two boys of the same age
两个同龄的男孩子

We
live
in
the
same
city.
我们住在同一个城市
里。

2
．
That is a lovely hat
！真是一顶可爱的帽子！

句末用的是赞叹号，表现出较强的感情色彩。
句中的

is
用斜体，是为了强调，应重读。

3
．数字

40
，
50
，
60
，
70
，
80
，
90
，
100
，
101
的英文写法：

40
—
forty
50
—
fifty
60
—
sixty
70
—
seventy

80
—
eighty
90
—
ninety
100
—
a
hundred
101
—
a
hundred and one

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
what colour
（
s
）引导的非凡疑问句

（可参
见

Lessons 5
～
6
语法中有关非凡疑问句的说明。）


以疑问词

what
引导的

What
colour…
？和

What colours…
？


类型的非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如：

What
colour
is
Anna's
hat?
安娜的帽子是什么
颜色的？

What
colour's
Helen's
dog?
海伦的豿是什么颜
色的？

What colour's your shirt?
你的衬衣是什么颜色
的？

What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的？

2
．祈使句


（
1
）
祈使句的主语通常不直接表 示出来，
其谓
语动词用原型。
祈使句用来表示请求、
建议、
命令、< br>叮嘱等。如：


Follow me.
跟我来。


Shut the door, please.
请关门。


Look out!
当心！


Keep off the grass!
请勿践踏草地！


Help yourself.
请自己动手。


（
2
）
某些祈使动词可以后跟< br>and
和另一个祈使
动词，
而不是后跟人们预料的带
to
的动 词不定式结
构：

Come and see this goldfish.
来看这条金鱼。
（
不
用

Come to see
）

Go
and
buy
yourself
a
new
pair
of
shoes.
去给
自己买双新鞋吧。（不用

Go to buy
）

Wait and see.
等着瞧吧。（不用

Wait to see
）


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
nice adj.
（
1
）美好的，好看的：

英语学习

It's a nice day today, isn't it?
今天天气真好，不
是吗？

That's a nice dress.
那件连衣裙真好看。


（
2
）和蔼的，友好的：

He
is
very
nice
to
his
neighbours.
他对邻居很
友善。

（
3
）使人兴奋的，令人愉快的：

It is so nice to have you here.
你能在这儿真是
太好了。

Have a nice time!
祝你玩得愉快点！

2
．
smart adj.
（
1
）漂亮的，时髦的，巧妙的：

Anna's hat is smart.
安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。

You
look
smart
in
that
new
dress.
你穿那件新
连衣裙看上去时髦而潇洒。


（
2
）聪明的，伶俐的，精明的：

She is a smart student.
她是一名聪颖的学生。

He is a smart businessman.
他是一位精明的商
人。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 14
A
1 This is Paul's car.
2 This is Sophie's coat.
3 This is Helen's dog.
4 This is my father's suit.
5 This is my daughter's dress.
B
1 What colour's Steven's car? His car's blue.
2 What colour's Tim's shirt? His shirt's white.
3 What colour's Sophie s coat? Her coat's grey.
4 What colour's Mrs. White's carpet? Her carpet's
red.
5 What colour's Dave's tie? His tie's orange.
6 What colour's Steven's hat? His hat is grey and
black.
7 What colour's Helen's dog? Her dog's brown and
white.
8 What colour's Hans' pen? His pen's green.
9 What colour's Luming's suit? His suit's grey.
10 What colour's Stella's pencil? Her pencil's blue.
11
What
colour's
Xiaohui's
handbag?
Her
handbag's brown.
12
What
colour's
Sophie
's
skirt?
Her
skirt's
yellow.


7
新概念第一册
15-16
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Your
passports
，
please
．请出示你们的护
照。

请参见

Lessons 3
～
4
课文详注。

2
．
Here they are
．给您。

本句中的

they
指

passports
。请参见

Lessons
11
～
12
课文详注。

3
．名词的复数形式

英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，指一
个以上的事物时用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式
一
般
是
在
单
数
名
词
后
面
加
上
-s
，
如课
文
中
的
friend
—
friends
／< br>frendz
／，
tourist
—
tourists
／'tu+rists
／，
case
—
cases
／
'k eisiz
／。请注重
-s
的不同发音。
假如名词是以
-s
结尾的，变成复数时则要加
-es
，如
dress
—
dresses
／
'dresiz
／，
blouse
—
blouses／
'blauziz
／。


语法

Grammar in use

1
．表示复数的
-s
或
-es
一般遵循的发音规则

（

1
）
假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音
（如

／
f
／，

／
k
／，

／
p
／，／
t
／，／
I
／；但／
s
／，／
M
／，／
tM
／除外），
-s
发

／
s< br>／的音，如：
books
／
buks
／

suits
／
su:ts
／


（
2）
假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音
（如／
b
／，／
d
／，／
g
／，／
l
／，／
m
／，／
n
／， ／
R
／；但／
z
／，／
N
／，／
DN
／除 外）或元音，
-s
发

／
z
／的音，如：
ties
／
taiz
／

dogs
／
dogz
／


（
3
）假如名词词尾的 发音是／
s
／，／
z
／，／
M
／，
／
N< br>／，
／
tM
／或／
DN
／，
-s
发／
iz
／的音，
如：
dresses
／
'dresz
／
blouses
／
'bluziz
／


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
blue adj.
（
1
）蓝色的，蔚蓝的：


The sea is deep blue.
大海呈深蓝色。


He
wears
a
blue
tie.
他打一条蓝色的领
带。


（
2
）沮丧的，忧郁的：


He
looks
a
bit
blue.
他看上去有点儿忧
郁。


His mood is blue.
他的情绪低落。

2
．
grey adj.
（
1
）灰色的，偏灰的：


His hat is grey.
他的帽子是灰色的。


（
2
）头发灰白的：


Her hair is grey.
她的头发灰白。


（
3
）面色苍白的：

英语学习


Tony looks grey and tired.
托尼面色苍白，
显得疲惫。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 16
A
1 It is an English car.
2 It is a Japanese car.
3 It is an Italian car.
4 It is a French car.
5 It is an American car.
6 Robert is not a teacher.
B
1
What
colour
are
your
shirts?
Our
shirts
are
white.
2 What colour are your coats? Our coats are grey.
3
What
colour
are
your
tickets?
Our
tickets
are
yellow.
4 What colour are your suits? Our suits are blue.
5 What colour are your hats? Our hats are black
and grey.
6 What colour are your passports? Our passports
are green.
7 What colour are your umbrellas? Our umbrellas
are black.
8 What colour are your handbags? Our handbags
are white.
9 What colour are your ties? Our ties are orange.
10
What
colour
are
your
dogs?
Our
dogs
are
brown and white.
11 What colour are your pens? Our pens are blue.
12 What colour are your cars? Our cars are red.

新概念第一册
17-18
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
How do you do
？您好。

这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。一般用
同样的话往返答。请参见

Lessons 5
～
6
课文详注。

2
．
Come and meet our employees…
来见见我们
的雇员
……

这里的
and
表示目的。请参见

Lessons
13
～
14
中语法部分的解释。

3
．
This
is
Nicola
Grey
，
and
this
is
Claire Taylor
．这位是尼古拉
·
格雷，这位是克莱尔
·
泰勒。< br>
这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见

Lessons 5
～
6
课文详注。

4
．名词的复数形式（
2
）


8
假如名词单数 词尾为
-f
或
-fe
（读作／
f
／），则
其复数一 律变为
-ves
（读作／
vz
／），即将
-f
或
-fe
变成
-v
，
再加
-es
而成，
如

housewife----housewives
。

英语中有一些名词的 复数形式是不规则的，如
man
与
woman
其复数形式分别为
me n
与
women
。
此外还可用
man
，
woman
等来区别阳性与阴性：
以
-man
结尾的一些复合名词指男性，如
m ilkman----
milkmen
，
policeman ---- poli cemen
；一些以
-woman
结尾的名词指女性，如
postwoman ---- postwomen
，
policewoman ---- policewomen
。

5
．数字
200
，
1
，
000
，
1
，
001
的英文写法

200 ---- two hundred
1
，
000 ---- a
（或

one
）

thousand
1
，
001 ---- a thousand and one

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
who
引导的非凡疑问句


Who is…
？或

Who are…
？这类以疑问词

who< br>引导的疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。
Who…
？仅指人，可以用来询问男性、女 性、单数
或复数的人。如：


注重这种句型与

What
is…
？或

What
are…
？
这类句型的区 别：
What…
？句型主要用来询问人的
类别或职业，如：


请参见

Lessons
5
～
6
与

Lessons
7
～
8
语法部
分的解释。

2
．
所有格形容词与人称代词

（
请参见
Lessons
11
～
12
语法部分。）


所有格形容词
their
意为
“
他们的
”
，其对应的人
称代词是
they
。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格
形容词 形式：


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 18
A
1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.
2
Those
girls
are
busy.
They
are
keyboard
operators.
3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.
4
Look
at
our
office
assistant.
He
is
very
hard-working.
5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.
6 Michael Baker and Jeremy Short are employees.
They are sales reps.
B
1
Are
they
keyboard
operators
or
air
hostesses?
They
aren't
keyboard
operators.
They're
air hostesses.
英语学习

2
Are
they
postmen
or
policemen?
They
aren't
postmen. They're policemen.
3 Are they policewomen or nurses?
They aren't
policewomen. They're nurses.
4
Are
they
customs
officers
or
hairdressers?
They
aren't
customs
officers.
They're
hairdressers.
5 Are they hairdressers or teachers?
They aren't
hairdressers. They're teachers.
6 Are they engineers or taxi drivers?
They aren't
engineers. They're taxi drivers.
7
Are
they
policewomen
or
keyboard
operators?
They
aren't
policewomen.
They're
keyboard operators.
8 Are they milkmen or engineers?
They aren't
milkmen. They're engineers.
9
Are
they
policemen
or
milkmen?
They
aren't policemen. They're milkmen.
10 Are they nurses or housewives?
They aren't
nurses. They're housewives.
词汇学习

Word study
1
．
custom n.
风俗；习惯；

When visiting a foreign country, we might find the
country's customs strange to us.
当我们去外国访问时，我们也许会发现该国的
某些风俗习惯有些希奇。

It
is
his
custom
to
go
for
a
walk
in
the
evenings.
他惯常在晚上出去散步。

2
．
customs, Customs n.
[
复
]
海关；征收关税的
程序：

The
spy
was
stopped
at
the
Customs
and
questioned.
那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘
问。

How
long
will
it
usually
take
to
pass
the
Customs?
通过海关检查通常要花费多少时间？


新概念第一册
19-20
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
What's the matter
？怎么啦？

相
当
于

What's
wrong
？
或

Tell
me
what's
wrong
。这个句型通常用来询问发生了什么事。假
如要非凡提及某人，
可 以在后面加上介词
with
，
如：

What's the matter with you?
你怎么啦？

What's the matter with Claire?
克莱尔怎么啦？

2
．
M um
，儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。与此相
似，
dad
是对父亲的儿语称呼。


9
3
．
There's = There is。它表示
“
有
”
、
“
存在
”
，为
there + be
结构的一般现在时缩略形式。

4
．
Two ice creams please
．请拿两份冰淇淋。

相当于

Give us two ice creams
，
please
。请参见

Lessons 3
～
4
课文注释。
ice cream
是物质名词。物
质名词前加不定冠词

a
或基数词表示一种、一份、
一客、一类、一阵等。

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
there +be
结构（
1
）

在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用
there
+be
结构。说
There's
an
ice
cream
man
比说
An
ice
cream man is there
更合乎习惯，也更为自然。
there
+be
结 构可将重要的新信息置于句末，以示强调。
此结构中的实际主语是
be
后面的名词。因 此，假
如该名词是单数就用
is
，如是复数则为
are
。

2
．人称代词与
be
英文中系动词
be
（是）必须根据不 同的人称代
词作相应的变化。请参见
Lessons15
～
16
语法 部分
中有关
be
的一般现在时形式的内容，包括某些缩
略形式，如：
they are not =they aren't =they're not
，
we are not = we aren't =we're not
。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
thirsty adj.
（
1
）渴的，口干的：

We're tired and thirsty.
我
们又累又渴。

（
2
）
（土地等）
干旱的：

a dry and thirsty land
干
旱的土地


（
3
）
渴望的，
渴求的
（
for
，
after
）
：
The students
there
are
thirsty
for
knowledge.
那里的学生有强烈
的求知欲。

2
．
matter n.
（
1
）事情，事件：

It's a private matter.
这是件私事。

He's not very interested in financial matters.
他对
财政方面的事情并不太感爱好。


（
2
）麻烦事，困难：

What's the matter, Anna?
怎么了，安娜？

What's
the
matter
with
Steven?
史蒂文是怎么
回事？


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired, too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
英语学习

5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1
Are
the
children
tired
or
thirsty?
They're
not
tired. They're thirsty.
2
Are
the
postmen
cold
or
hot?
They're
not
cold. They're hot.
3
Are
the
hairdressers
thin
or
fat?
They're
not
thin. They're fat.
4
Are
the
shoes
small
or
big?
They're
not
small. They're big.
5
Are
the
shops
shut
or
open?
They're
not
shut. They're open.
6
Are
his
cases
heavy
or
light?
They're
not
heavy. They're light.
7
Are
grandmother
and
grandfather
young
or
old?
They're not young. They're old.
8
Are
their
hats
old
or
new?
They're
not
old. They're new.
9
Are
the
policemen
short
or
tall?
They're
not
short. They're tall.
10
Are
his
trousers
short
or
long?
They're
not
short. They're long.

新概念第一册
21-22
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Give me a book please, Jane.
请拿本书给我，
简。

这是一个祈使句。
祈使句表示请求或命令。
（请
参见
Lessons 13
～
14
语法部分的说明。）表示客气
的请求时，通常加
plea se
。

2
．
Which book?
哪一本？


是
Which book do you want?
的省略形式。
下文中
的
This one?
是
Do you want this one?
的省略形式。
No, not that one
是
No, I do not want that one
的省略
形式。口语中常用这样的省略句。

3
．
This one?
是这本吗？


相当于：
Do you want this one? one
是不定代词，
代替

a book
，
以避免重复。< br>one
的复数形式是
ones
。
one
和
ones< br>前面都可用定冠词，
也可有自己的定语。

4
．数字
1，
010
，
1
，
011
，
1
，
016
的英文写法

1
，
010----a thousand and ten;
1
，
011----a thousand
and eleven;
1
，
016----a thousand and sixteen

语法

Grammar in use
1
．人称代词


10

代词，
顾名思义，就是用来代替名词或名词短语
的词，在已经知道所指的是谁或什么的情况下使
用，以免行文 重复。人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
在陈述句中，主格代词差不多总是位于动词之前。
宾格代词 可代替处于宾语位置上的名词，它们可以
作直接宾语和间接宾语。

Give
me/him/her/us/them
a
book.
给我
/
他
/
她
/
我
们
/
他（她）们一本书。（ 宾格代词）

2
．
which
引导的非凡疑问句
（请参见
Lessons 5
～
6
中语法部分的说明。）


用
which +
名词可询问物体（单数或复数）或物
质。
which
总是说明一种限定的、 特指的选择。如：

Which book/books do you prefer?
你喜欢哪本／
哪些书？

Which
car
do
you
like
best?
你最喜欢哪种汽
车？


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
large
与
big

（
1
）large
仅指物理量值的大，是
small
的反义
词。
large
主要指体积、
面积、
外形、
数量方面的大，
修饰人时 指个子大。如：

China
is
a
large
country.
中国是一个幅员辽阔
的国家。

Look at that large woman in white.
瞧那个身穿
白色衣服、个子高大的女人。


（
2
）
big
所表示的大，
主要指不仅体积大而且很
重。所以
a large box
未必
big
。
big
在修饰人时，主
要 指大人物，但个子未必高大。如：

It is a big house.
这是一所大房子。
（此句指不
仅体积大，而且给人深刻的或坚固的印象。）

She's very big in the filmdom.
她在电影界中是< br>个响当当的人物。（此句指不仅成功，且具有很大
的影响力。）

2
．
small
与
little

（
1
）
small
指物理量值的小或少，是
large
的反
义词，不带什 么感情色彩。如：

It is a small factory.
这是一个小新概念。

I want the small one with the yellow handle.
我
想要带新概念把手的那个小的。


（
2
）
little
也表示小或少，但有小而可爱的感情
色彩，是
big
的反义词。如：

There is a little garden behind our house.
我们的
屋后有个小花 园。
（此句表示花园虽小，
但很可爱。
）

She has the sweetest little smiles.
她的微笑十分
甜蜜可爱。

英语学习


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 22
A
1 Is this Nicola's coat? No, it's not. Her coat is grey.
2 Are these your pens? No, they're not. My pens are
blue.
3 Is this Mr. Jackson's hat? No, it's not. His hat is
black.
4
Are
these
the
children's
books?
No,
they're
not.
Their books are red.
5 Is this Helen's dog? No, it's not. Her dog is brown
and white.
6
Is
this
your
father's
tie?
No,
it's
not.
His
tie
is
orange.
B
1 Give me a cup please.
Which one? This dirty one?
No, not this dirty one. That clean one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
2 Give me a glass please.
Which one? This empty one?
No, not this empty one. That full one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
3 Give me a bottle please.
Which one? This large one?
No, not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
4 Give me a box please.
Which one? This big one?
No, not this big one. That little one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
5 Give me a tin please.
Which one? This new one?
No, not this new one. That old one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
6 Give me a knife please.
Which one? This sharp one?
No, not this sharp one. That blunt one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
7 Give me a spoon please.

11
Which one? This new one?
No, not this new one. That old one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
8 Give me a fork please.
Which one? This large one?
No, not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.

新概念第一册
23-24
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．动词的双宾语


在
Give me some g lasses
中，
动词
give
后面有两
个宾语，即直接宾语
some glasses
和间接宾语
me
。
人称代词作宾语时要用人称代 词的宾格。请参见
Lessons 21
～
22
语法部分。

2
．
The ones on the shelf.
是架子上的那几只。


本句是省略句，
句首省略了
I want
。
句中的
ones
代表
glasses
。
on the shelf
是介词短语，作定语，修
饰
ones
。

3
．
These?
这几只？


是
Do you want these?
的省略形式。

4
．
Yes, please.
是的，请拿给我。


当别人问你要不要某物而你同意要时， 就可用
这句话。假如你不同意要，则应说：
No, thank you.
不，谢谢。

5
．数字
1
，
117
，< br>1
，
420
，
1
，
925
，
2，
000
的
英文写法

1
，
117---- one
thousand
one
hundred
and
seventeen;
1
，
420----one
thousand
four
hundred
and twenty
1
，
925----one
thousand
nine
hundred
and
twenty-five;
2
，
000----two thousand

语法

Grammar in use
on
引导的介词短语


（
1
）我们经常在名词、名词短语、代词或动名
词前面用介词表示人物、事件等与其 他人物、事件
等之间的各种关系，如空间关系、时间关系、因果
关系等。介词始终带有宾语。即 使介词与宾语分开
时，这种关系仍必定存在。有许多固定的介词短语
常可见到。许多介词短语是 由介词
+
名词（
+
介词）
构成的，
如：
on time
（
准时）
，
in the middle of
（
在
……
中间）。

英语学习

< br>（
2
）当我们从不同的角度看空间中的位置时，
应根据我们想要表达的意思来选 择介词。想表示在
一个表面
（即看来是平面）
上面时，
就可用介词
o n
：

the
pens
on
the
desk
桌上的钢笔

the
boxes
on the floor
地板上的盒子

the
bottles
on
the
dressing
table
梳妆台上的瓶
子

the magazines on the bed
床上的杂志


词汇学习

Word study

desk
与
table

在汉语中，这 两个词都被称为
“
桌子
”
，而在英
语中，它们仍是有所区别的。

（
1
）
desk
通常指有抽屉的桌子，
用 于办公、读
书、写字等，即
“
书桌
”
、
“
写字台< br>”
、
“
办公桌
”
：

He is working at his desk.
他正在自己的书桌前
用功。

I
put
it
on
his
desk.
我把它放在他的办公桌上
了。


（
2
）
table
通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板，
没有抽屉，即
“
餐桌
”
、
“
会议桌
”
、
“
工作台
”
、< br>“
手术
台
”
等：

I've booked a table for two at 7.00.
我预订了一
张两人桌，是在
7
点钟。

They
sat
round
the
table
and
made
this
big
decision.
他们围坐在会议桌旁，
作出了这个重大的
决定。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 24
A
1 Give Jane this watch. Give her this one, too.
2
Give
the
children
these
ice
creams.
Give
them
these, too.
3 Give Tom this book. Give him this one, too.
4
That
is
my
passport.
Give
me
my
passport
please.
5 That is my coat. Give me my coat please.
6 Those are our umbrellas. Give us our umbrellas
please.
B
1 Give me some pens please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the desk.
2 Give me some ties please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the chair.
3 Give me some spoons please.

Which ones? These?

12

No, not those. The ones on the table.
4 Give me some plates please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the cupboard.
5 Give me some cigarettes please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the television.
6 Give me some boxes please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the floor.
7 Give me some bottles please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the dressing table.
8 Give me some books please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the shelf.
9 Give me some magazines please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the bed.
10 Give me some newspapers please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the stereo.

新概念第一册
25-26
课文详解及练习答案



1
．冠词


课文中
refrigerator
一 词出现了两次，它前面分
别用了两种不同的冠词：
a
（不定冠词）和
the< br>（定
冠词）。第
1
次提到时用不定冠词
a
。（请参见
Lessons5
～
6
语法部分。）第
2
次时就不再是泛指
任何一个，而是特指所指的那个了，因此要用定冠
词
the
。（请参见本课语法部分的 说明。）

2
．数字
3
，
000
，
5< br>，
000
，
10
，
000
的英文写法

3
，
000----three
thousand;
5
，
000----five
thousand;
10
，
000----ten thousand

语法

Grammar in use
1
．定冠词
the

（
1
）定冠词
the
不论指人还是指物、单数还是
复数，其形式都不 变。


（
2
）
the
的发音：
the< br>在辅音前读
/J+/
，如：
the
floor, the table, the bed, the desk; the
在元音
（即一般
前面 用
an
的词的首字母）之前发
/J!:;;;;:/,
如
the
engineer,
the
ice
cream,
the
old
man,
the
open
window
。当 我们想使听话者非凡注重
the
后面的名
词时，
the
就读为
/J!:/
，意思是
“
这一个而且只是这
一个
”
或
“
主要是这一个
”
。


（
3
）
the
的基本用法：

英语学习

A the
通常有明确的所指
（即以说话人或听话人
已知的人或物为前提）；

B the
可与单数可数名词、
复数可数名词及不可
数名词（总是单数形式 ）连用。

2
．
where
引导的非凡疑问句

where
用来询问地点（或是确切的情况，或是
一般的情况）
。
对
where
疑问句的回答可以是整句、
短语或单个的词。如：

Where is the refrigerator?
冰箱在哪里？

On
the right./It's on the right.
在右边。

词汇学习

Word study
1
．
cup n.
（
1
）杯子（一般带柄，用于盛热饮料，如茶或咖
啡）：

I have a beautiful set of tea cups.
我有一套漂亮
的茶杯。

I'd like a cup of tea.
我想喝一杯茶。


（
2
）一杯饮料；一杯咖啡：

Would
you
like
another
cup?
你要再来一杯
吗？

You can get a good cup at Lucy' s Café
.
你能在
露西咖啡馆喝到一杯上好的咖啡。

2
．
glass n.
（
1
）玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯：

Give
me
a
glass
of
water,
please.
请给我一杯
水。

There's a clean wine glass
on the table.
桌上有
一只干净的酒杯。


（
2
）杯中物；酒：

He has had a glass too much.
他多喝了一杯
（或
喝醉了）。

I'd like to enjoy a glass now and then.
我喜欢不
时喝点酒。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 26
A
1 Give me a glass. Which glass? The empty one.
2 Give me some cups. Which cups? The cups on
the table.
3 Is there a book on the table? Yes, there is. Is the
book red?
4 Is there a knife in that box? Yes, there is. Is the
knife sharp?
B
1 There's a cup on the table.
The cup is clean.
2 There's a box on the floor.
The box is large.

13
3 There's a a glass in the cupboard.
The glass is
empty.
4 There's a knife on the plate.
The knife is sharp.
5 There's a fork on the tin.
The fork is dirty.
6
There's
a
bottle
in
the
refrigerator.
The
bottle
is full.
7
There's
a
pencil
on
the
desk.
The
pencil
is
blunt.

新概念第一册
27-28
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Where are they?
它们在哪里？


句中
they
指图中的那些东西。
（可参见
Lessons
25
～
26
语法部分。）

2
．数字
9
，
999
与
10
，
001
的英文写法

9
，
999----nine
thousand
nine
hundred
and
ninety-nine;
10
，
001----ten thousand and one

语法

Grammar in use
1
．
there
＋
be
结构（
2
）


（
1
）
there
＋
be
结构变成疑问 句时，只需将动
词
be
和
there
互换位置，句子其余部分不变。 如：

Is there a dirty fork on the plate?
碟子上有一个
脏的叉子吗？

Is there a full bottle in the cupboard?
橱柜里有
一瓶酒吗？

Are
there
any
ties
on
the
floor?
地上有一些领
带吗？

Are there any newspapers on the shelf?
架子上
有些报纸吗？


（
2
）
ther e
＋
be
结构变成否定句时，需在动词
be
后加
not（
any
）或
no
。如：

No, there is not a fork on the plate.
没有，碟子
上没有叉子。

No, there isn't one in the cupboard.
没有，橱柜
里一个也没有。

No, there aren't any ties on the floor.
没有，地
板上没有任何领带。

No, there are no newspapers on the shelf.
没有，
架子上没有任何报纸。

2
．
some
和
any
的用法


在英语 中，
some
和
any
是两个最常用的数量词。
用
some
和
any
时，一般不必精确地说明数量到底
有多么大或多么小。
它们 的作用经常像是
a/an
的复
数。

英语学习

（
1
）
some
（表示确定的数量）表示
“
某些但不
是全部
”
的意思，通常用于肯定句中。在疑问句中，
所希望的回答是
Yes< br>时也可使用
some
。如：

There is some water in the glass.
玻璃杯里有些
水。

There are some cigarettes in the box.
盒子里有
些雪茄。

Have
you
got
some
paper-clips
in
that
box?
你
那只盒子里有一些回形针吧？（我知道或我认为你
有一些，故希望你会说
“
有
”
。）

some
加可数名词或不可数名词时，
在流畅的话
语中一般不重读，而念为
/s+m/
。


（
2
）
any
（表示不确定的数量）通常用在含有
not
或< br>-n't
的否定句中，
也用于表示我们不能确定答
案是肯定还是否定，或者用于 预料得到的回答是
No
的疑问句中。如：

There are not any spoons in the cupboard.
橱柜
中没有任何汤匙。

There aren't any plates on the dressing table.
梳
妆台上任何碟子都没有。


词汇学习

Word study
near adj.
（
1
）靠近的，接近的：

The
television
is
near
the
window.
电视机在窗
户旁边。

There
are
some
shoes
on
the
floor.
They're
near
the bed.
地板上有些鞋子。它们在床四周。


（
2
）关系接近的，亲近的：

She
is
a
near
friend
of
mine.
她是我的一位密
友。

My
uncle
is
my
nearest
relative.
我叔叔是我血
缘最近的亲戚。


（
3
）近似的；几乎是的：


The picture may not be an exact replica but
it's
pretty
near.
这幅画也许不是一件一模一样的复
制品，但它已酷似原作了。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 28
A
1 There are some pencils on the desk.
2 There are some knives near that tin.
3 There are some policemen in the kitchen.
4 There are some newspapers in the living room.
5 There are some keyboard operators in the office.
B
1 Are there any books in the room?

14
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some magazines.
Where are they?
They're on the television.
2 Are there any ties on the floor?
No, there aren't any ties on the floor.
There are some shoes.
Where are they?
They're near the bed.
3 Are there any glasses on the cupboard?
No, there aren't any glasses on the cupboard.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're near those tins.
4 Are there any newspapers on the shelf?
No, there aren't any newspapers on the shelf.
There are some tickets.
Where are they?
They're in that handbag.
5 Are there any forks on the table?
No, there aren't any forks on the table.
There are some knives.
Where are they?
They're in that box.
6 Are there any cups on the stereo?
No, there aren't any cups on the stereo.
There are some glasses.
Where are they?
They're near those bottles.
7 Are there any cups in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any cups in the kitchen.
There are some plates.
Where are they?
They're on the cooker.
8 Are there any glasses in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any glasses in the kitchen.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're in the refrigerator.
9 Are there any books in the room?
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some pictures.
Where are they?
They're on the wall.
10 Are there any chairs in the room?
No, there aren't any chairs in the room.
英语学习

There are some armchairs.
Where are they?
They're near the table

新概念第一册
29-30
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
untidy
，
乱，
不整洁。

un-
是前缀，
表示
“not”
这类否定的意思。

2
．
air the room
，给房间通通风。

< br>这里的
air
作动词用。
名词作动词用是英语构词
法的一种。又如：< br>dust(n.)
灰尘；
(v.)
掸掉灰尘。


语法

Grammar in use
must(1)
mus t
是一个情态助动词，表示
“
必须
”
、
“
应当”
，
与
have to
相似，
表示不可逃避的义务。
在 说话人看
来，没有选择余地。但是，
must
带有个人色彩，表
示说话人的主 观意图。表示个人感情时通常用
must
。
You
must…
（你 必须
……
）表示说话人说
/
认为
……
是必要的。如：

You must sweep the floor.
你必须扫地。
（我说
这有必要）


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
air
（
1
）
n.
空气，新鲜空气：

Let's go out and breathe some fresh air.
咱们出
去呼吸点新鲜空气吧。


（
2
）
n.
空中，空间：

He
likes
to
stay
in
the
open
air.
他喜欢在户外
呆着。


（
3
）
v.
晾（衣服、被褥等）；使通风：

Open
the
windows
and
air
the
room.
打开窗户
使房间通风。

Leave the trousers on the washing-line to air.
把
裤子挂到晾衣绳上去晾干。

2
．
empty
（
1
）
v.
使空；把
…
倒出（移出）：

Empty the bottle of milk.
倒光瓶里的牛奶。

They emptied the house.
他们把房屋搬空了。


（
2
）
v.
流出；走出：

The
river
emptied
itself
into
the
sea.
河水流入
大海。

It
was
raining,
and
the
streets
began
to
empty.
天下起了雨，街上的行人开始稀少了。


（
3
）
adj.
空的：

There
are
some
empty
bottles
in
the
refrigerator.
冰箱里有一些空瓶子。


15
Her purse is empty.
她的钱包是空的。


（
4
）
adj.
空虚的，无意义的：

It's an empty dream.
这是个不现实的梦想。

Officials
were
flattered
by
empty
complements.
官员们被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美
滋滋的。


（
5
）
adj.
呆板的，毫无表情的：

She
looked
at
him
with
empty
eyes.
她木然地
看着他。

He said all this in an empty
voice.
他用一种呆
板的声调说了这一切。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 30
A
1 Clean it!
2 Shut it!
3 Open it!
B
1 Shut the door!
2 Open the window!
3 Put on your shirt!
4 Take off your shoes!
5 Turn on the stereo!
6 Turn off the tap!
7 Sweep the floor!
8 Clean the blackboard!
9 Dust the cupboard!
10 Empty the cup!
11 Read this magazine!
12 Sharpen these knives!

新概念第一册
31-32
课文详解及练习答案


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
climb v.
（
1
）攀登，攀爬：

The children are always climbing trees.
孩子们总
是在爬树。

He likes climbing mountains.
他喜欢爬山。

（
2
）逐步上升（增长）：

The temperature is climbing steadily.
温度正在慢
慢地平稳上升。

The
price
of
gold
climbed
back.
金价逐渐回升
了。


（
3
）（在社会地位等方面）往上爬：

He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social
ladder.
他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。

英语学习

He
has
climbed
to
a
very
high
position
in
his
field.
他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位
置。

2
．
run v.
（
1
）跑，奔跑：

He is running quickly.
他正飞快地跑着。

He runs a mile every morning to keep fit.
他天天
早晨跑一英里步以保持身体健康。


（
2
）流动；流出：

The current is running strong.
水流湍急。

Her eyes ran with tears.
她落泪了。

（
3
）追赶；追逐：

The
dog
is
running
after
a cat.
那只豿正在追赶
一只猫。

Many young men are running after that girl.
许多
年轻人在追求那个姑娘。

语法

Grammar in use


现在进行时（
1
）

（
1
）在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或
事件，要用动词的现在进行时形式。现在进行时 由
be
的现在时形式（
am, is, are
）
+
现在分词组成。如
课文中的
Shes sitting under the tree
和
Hes climbing
the
t ree
等句子均为现在进行时。对大多数动词来
说，在动词后面直接加
-ing
即可构成现在分词，如
doing, climbing
。以
-e
结尾的动 词，要去掉
-e
，再加
-ing
，如
making
。假如动 词只有一个元音字母而其
后跟了一个辅音字母时，则需将与辅音字母双写，
再加
-in g
，如
running, sitting
。


（
2
）疑问式：将用了现在进行时的句子变成一
般疑问句时只需将助动词提前。如：

Hes
reading
a
magazine.
Is
he
reading
a
magazine?
他正在看一本杂志吗？


（
3
）否定式：现在进行时的否 定式是将否定词
not
放在助动词之后。如：

The
dog
is
drinking
its
milk.
The
dog
is
not
drinking its milk.
豿没在喝它的那份牛奶。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 32
A
1 He is opening the window.
2 She is sharpening this pencil.
3 She is dusting the cupboard.
4 She is emptying the basket.
5 He is looking at the picture.
B
1 What is Mr. Richards doing?

16
Is he cleaning his teeth?
No, he isnt cleaning his teeth.
Hes opening the window.
2 What is my mother doing?
Is she shutting the door?
No, she isnt shutting the door.
Shes making the bed.
3 What is the dog doing?
Is it drinking its milk?
No, it isnt drinking its milk.
Its eating a bone.
4 What is my sister doing?
Is she reading a magazine?
No, she isnt reading a magazine.
Shes looking at a picture.
5 What is Emma doing?
Is she dusting the dressing table?
No, she isnt dusting the dressing table.
Shes cooking a meal.
6 What is Amy doing?
Is she making the bed?
No, she isnt making the bed.
Shes sweeping the floor.
7 What is Tim doing?
Is he reading a magazine?
No, he isnt reading a magazine.
Hes sharpening a pencil.
8 What is the girl doing?
Is she turning on the light?
No, she isnt turning on the light.
Shes turning off the tap.
9 What is the boy doing?
Is he cleaning his teeth?
No, he isnt cleaning his teeth.
Hes putting on his shirt.
10 What is Miss Jones doing?
Is she putting on her coat?
No, she isnt putting on her coat.
Shes taking off her coat.

新概念第一册
33-34
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
It is a fine day today.
今天天气好。


句中的
it
是指天气。
又如：
Is it cold today?
今天
冷吗？
No, it isn't.
不，不冷。

2
．
some clouds
，几朵云。

英语学习

some
既可修饰可数名词，
也可修饰不可数名词。
如：
some tables
一些椅子（可数名词），
some milk
一些牛奶（不可数名词）。

3
．
There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is
shining.
天空中飘着几朵云，但阳光灿烂。


这句是并列 句，由两个分句构成，
连词
but
表明
分句之间存在着对比及转折关系。两分 句之间大多
要用逗号，有时可不用逗号。

4
．
Mr. Jones is with his family.
琼斯先生同他的家
人在一起。


句中
with
是介词，表示
“
和
……
一 起
”
。
family
是指
“
家里的人
”
或
“
家庭成员
”
。

5
．
They are walking over the bridge.
他们正在过
桥。


句中的
over
有
“
穿过
”
的意思。又 如：

The
aeroplane
is
flying
over
the
river.
飞机正在河上飞
过。

The birds are flying over the house.
鸟儿在屋上
飞过。

over
还可表不
“
在……
上方
”
（不接触表面），
如：

The
sky
is
over
our
heads.
天空在我们头顶
上。

6
．
There are some boats on the river.
河上有几艘
船。


句中
on
意为
“
在
……
上面
”
（ 接触表面）。又
如：

There is a book on the table.
桌上有一本书。

7
．
The ship is going under the bridge.
那船正从桥
下驶过。


句中
under
意为
“
在
……
下面（或下方）”
。如：
There is a dog under the tree.
树下有只豿。

ship
一般指海洋中行驶的大船。
boat一词指河中
行驶的小船。
另外：
aeroplane
（英国英语）
，
airplane
（美国英语），飞机（正式用语）；

plane
，飞机
（非正式用语）。

语法

Grammar in use

现在进行时（
2
）
（请参见

Lessons 31
～
32
语法
部分。）


现在进行时的形式是 由
be
的现在时形式
+
现在
分词形式构成。当句中主语名词为复数或 者人称代
词为第
2
人称或第
3
人称复数时，
be
的 现在时形式
应为
are
。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
jump v.
（
1
）跳跃；跃过：

They are jumping a ditch.
他们正跃过一个深沟。


17
They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他们从墙
上跳下去跑掉了。


（
2
）略去；跳过：

He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳过大学
一年级（指跳级直接升入二年级）。


（
3
）忽然上升；猛增：

They
jumped
the
registration
fees
from
￡
20
to
￡
50.
他们把注册费从
20
英镑涨到
50
英镑。

His
company's
profits
jumped
surprisingly
last
year.
他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增
加。

2
．
sleep
（
1
）
v.
睡觉：

He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只
睡
4
个小时。

I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
我兴奋
得无法入睡。


（
2
）
n.
睡眠；睡觉：

He had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得
很酣畅。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 34
A
1
She
is
typing
a
letter.
2
She
is
making
the
bed.
3 He is coming.
4 The sun is shining.
5 He
is giving me some magazines.
B
1
What
are
the
men
doing?
They're
cooking
a
meal.
2 What are they doing?
They're sleeping.
3 What are the men doing?
They're shaving.
4 What are the children doing?
They're crying.
5
What
are
the
dogs
doing?
They're
eating
bones.
6
What
are
the
women
doing?
They're
typing
letters.
7
What
are
the
children
doing?
They're
doing
their home-work.
8 What are the women doing?
They're washing
dishes.
9
What
are
the
birds
doing?
They're
flying
over the river.
10
What
are
they
doing?
They're
walking
over the bridge.
11
What
are
the
man
and
the
woman
doing?
They're waiting for a bus.
英语学习

12
What
are
the
children
doing?
They're
jumping off the wall.

新概念第一册
35-36
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
This is
a photograph
of our village.
这是我
们村庄的一张照片。

句中
of
是 介词，表示
“……
的
”
。又如：

the
windows of a room
房间的窗户

2
．
It is between two hills.
我们的村庄坐落在一
个山谷之中。

句中
It
指
v illage
。
between
是介词，
表示
“
在
……
（两者）之间
”
。又如：

The
man
is
standing
between
two
policemen.
这个男人正站在两名警察之间。

3
．
along
the
banks
of
the
river,
沿
着
河
岸。

along
为介词，表示
“
沿着
”
。

4
．
He is swimming across the river.
他正横渡小
河。

across
为介词，表示
“
通过
”
某个平面。

5
．
beside a park
，位于公园旁边。

be side
为介词，表示
“
在
……
旁边
”
。

语法

Grammar in use

短语动词
< br>短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词
短语的动词，
即动词
+
介词 或副词小品词。
英语
（特
别是在非正式的、惯用的英语）中存在着一种用动
词 短语代替与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。如听
到敲门声，我们会说
Come
in< br>而不会用
Enter
来表
达。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的，这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词
组合，
如
along, down, in, off, on, out, over, under
等。
例如：

The cats are running along the wall.
猫正沿着
墙跑。

The children are jumping off the branch.
孩子
们正从树枝上跳下来。

不仅一个单个动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品词一起构成短语动词，而且一个短语动词本身
也可能有几种不同的意义。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
go into

（
1
）走进；进入：

He is going into a shop.
他正走进一家商店。

（
2
）进入；介入：


18
They're
going
into
the
business
world.
他们正
步入商界。

2
．
sit on

（
1
）坐在
……
上：

The children are sitting on the grass.
孩子们正
坐在草地上。

（
2
）
<
口
>
拖延；压下：

They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as
possible.
他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏
消息讲出去。

3
．
run along

（
1
）沿着
……
跑：

The dogs are running along the river banks.
豿
正沿着河岸奔跑。

（
2
）离开；走开：

It's getting dark, we must
run along.
天黑了，
我们得走了。

练习答案

Key to written exercises



Lesson 36

A
1
He is swimming across the river.

2
She is sitting on the grass.

3
The cat is running along the wall.

B

1
Where is the man going?
He's going
into the
shop.

2
Where is the woman going?
She's going out
of the shop.

3
Where
is
he
sitting?
He's
sitting
beside
his
mother.

4
Where
are
they
walking?
They're
walking
across the street.

5
Where are the cats running?
They're running
along the wall.

6
Where
are
the
children
jumping?
They're
jumping off the branch.

7
Where
is
the
man
standing?
He's
standing
between two policemen.

8
Where
is
she
sitting?
She's
sitting
near
the
tree.

9
Where
is
it
flying?
It's
flying
under
the
bridge.

10
Where
is
the
aeroplane
flying?
It's
flying
over the bridge.

11
Where are they sitting?
They're sitting on
英语学习

the grass.

12
Where
are
the
man
and
the
woman
reading?
They're reading in the living room.


新概念第一册
37-38
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
What are you going to do now, George?
你现
在准备干什么，乔治？

be
going < br>to
，是打算、准备、按计划在最近做
某事，表示将来。请参见本课语法部分。

2
．
Pink's
＝
Pink is
。

3
．
It's for my daughter, Susan.
是为我的女儿苏
珊做的。


Susan
作
my daughter
的同位语。

语法

Grammar in use

将来时

be
going
to

（
1
）将来时
be
going
to
的形式由
am/is/are
going to +
动词原形构成。

（
2
）将来时
be going to
的用法

A
表示
“
打算
”
、
“
准备
”
在最近做某事。（在非
正式语体中，一般多用
be going to
，而不用
will
。）

I am going to put it on the floor.
我打算把它放
在地板上。

He is going to paint the bookcase tomorrow.
他
准备明天给书架刷漆。

B
表示按计划、安排要发生的事：

The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将
在
9
点开始。

Where are you going to build the road?
你们将
在什么地方筑路？

C
表示预言一件事即将发生：

The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将
在
9
点开始。

It's going to rain!
天要下雨了！

She's going to faint!
她要晕倒了！

（
3
）
be going to
的疑问式与否定式

将助动词
be
提至句首可将陈述句变为一般疑
问句。如：

George
is
going
to
paint
it
pink.
乔治打算把
它刷成粉红色。


Is George going to paint it pink?
乔治打算把
它刷成粉红色吗？

在助动词后面加上
not
可以得到否定句。如上
句可变为：

George is not going to point it pink.
乔治不打
算把它刷成粉红色。


19
词汇学习

Word study

1
．
paint

（
1
）
v.
上漆，涂：


What colour is George going to paint it?
乔治
准备把它漆成什么颜色的？

（
2
）
v.
（用颜料）画：

Who painted this picture?
这幅画是谁画的？

（
3
）
v.
描写；描绘：

His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country
life in Europe.
他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活
的宁静画面。

（
4
）
n.
油漆；涂料；颜料：

Wet Paint!
油漆未干！

I bought a box of paints.
我买了一盒颜料。

2
．
work

（
1
）
v.
工作；劳动：

He
works
45
hours
per
week.
他每周工作
45
个小时。



（
2
）
v.
从事职业：

He works as a bank clerk.
他是一名银行职员。

（
3
）
v.
学习；做作业：

If you work hard, you'll pass your exams.
如果你
用功的

话，你就会考试通过。

（
4
）
n.
工作；劳动；作业；职业：

He wants to have a good sleep after a day's work.
在一天的工作之后，他想好好睡上一觉。

The students finished all their work in class.
学
生们当堂把全部作业都完成了。

He is without work.
他失业了。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 38

A

1
What are you doing? We are reading.

2
What
are
they
doing?
They
are
doing
their
homework.

3
What is he doing? He is working hard.

4
What are you doing? I am washing the dishes.

B
1
What
are
you
going
to
do?
I'm
going
to
shave.

What are you doing now?
I'm shaving.
2
What are you going to do? I'm going to wait
for a bus.
What are you doing now?
I'm waiting for a bus.

英语学习

3
What are you going to do? I'm going to do my
homework.

What
are
you
doing
now?
I'm
doing
my
homework.

4
What are you going to do? I'm going to listen
to the stereo.
What
are
you
doing
now?
I'm
listening
to
the
stereo.

5
What are you going to do? I'm going to wash
the dishes.

What
are
you
doing
now?
I'm
washing
the
dishes.


新概念第一册
39-40
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．

Don't do that.
不要放在那儿。
< br>在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建
议等多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由
Do n't
（或
Do not
）
+
动词原形构成，
又如课文中的
Don't drop it!
（别摔了！）等句子。（请参见本课语法部分。）

2
．
Give it to me.
把它给我。

在第
21
课有
give me a book
这样的句型，在本
课中又出现了
give it to me
的句型。

在动词
give
后面可以有两个宾语：即直接宾语< br>（指物，
如
a book, it
）
和间接宾语
（指人，如
me
）
。
如果直接宾语置于动词
give
之后，间接宾语之前则
带
to
。再比较一下下列句式：


Show her the magazine.
给她那本杂志。

Show it to her.
把它给她。

Give me that knife.
给我那把小刀。

Give it to me.
把它给我。

3
．
in front of
，
在
……
前面。

有别于
in the front
of
，在
……
的前部。

4
．
There
we
are!
就放在那里
!

在这里表示说话人的满意心情，可理解为< br>“
好
了
”
、
“
行了
”
等。

语法

Grammar in use

祈使句的否定缩略式

形式为
Don't
（或
Do not
）
+
动词原形，如：

Don't wait!
别等了！

Don't speak to me like that!
别那样跟我讲话！

使用祈使句时，重音、语调、手势和面部表情，
尤其是情 境和上下文，都说明这种形式用于表示是
否友好、不客气、愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等。一
般而 言，祈使句的否定式通常用
Don't
来表示，完
整形式
Do not
主要用于正式文告中。


20
词汇学习

Word study

1
．
drop
v.


（
1
）（失手）落下；掉下；放下：

Be careful! Don't drop it.
小心！别摔了。

She
dropped
her
knife
and
fork
and
hurried
to
answer the phone.
她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。


（
2
）（使）滴下；滴水：

Tears
dropped
from
her
face.
泪珠从她的脸上
滑落。


（
3
）（使）下降；降低：

He dropped his voice.
他把声音放低了些。

Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8
℃
below
zero.
昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下
8
度。


2
．
send
v.


（
1
）送给；寄：

She is going to send a
letter to her sister.
她准
备给她的姐姐寄封信。

I'll
send
him
a
present.
我将给他送去一件礼
物。


（
2
）差遣；命（或请）
……
去：

He sent his secretary for a
doctor.
他派他的秘
书去请医生了。

Her mother often sends her to the store for some
groceries.
她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。

练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 40

A

1
Send that letter to George.

2
Take those flowers to her.

3
Show that picture to me.

4
Give these books to Mrs. Jones.

5
Give these ice creams to the children.

B

1
I'm going to put it on.

2
I'm going to take them off.

3
I'm going to turn them on.

4
I'm going to turn it off.

5
I'm going to put it on.

6
I'm going to take it off.

7
I'm going to turn them on.

8
I'm going to turn it off.

9
I'm going to turn them off.

10
I'm going to turn it on.


新概念第一册
41-42
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

英语学习


1
．
Not
very.
不太重。

是
It is not very heav y
的省略形式。口语中回答
问题时，常把主语、动词和宾语都省略，只剩一个
副词、一 个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等
.

2
．
Put it on this chair.
把它放在这把椅子上。

it
指
bag< br>。在没有扶手的椅子上用
on
，在有扶
手的椅子上用
in
。如 ：

sit on a chair
坐在椅子上

sit in an armchair
坐在扶手椅里


3
．
cheese, bread, soap, chocolate, milk, sugar,
coffee, tea, tobacco


这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能
加
a
或
an
，也没有 复数形式。如果想表示
“
一些
”
之
意，可用
some
，
any
等词。
some
用于肯定句，
any
用于否定句 和疑问句。（可参见
Lessons 27
～
28
语
法部分。）

如果要表示
“
一块
”
、
“
一张
”
、
“
一条
”< br>等，需加如
a piece of
这表示数量的短语。
本课表示数量的短语
还有：

a loaf of
一个

a bar of
一条

a bottle of
一瓶

a pound of
一磅

half a
pound of
半磅

a quarter of
四分之一

a tin of
一听


4
．
a loaf of bread
，一个面包。


指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。


5
．
a bar of chocolate
，一块巧克力。


指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也
可称为一块巧克力。


语法

Grammar in use


there
＋
be
结构（
3
）

当
there
＋
be
后跟单数名词或不可数名词时，动
词
be
的一般现在时形式为
is
；当后面跟复数名词
时，动词用
are
。 如果后跟几个并列名词，而第一
个名词是单数，动词仍用
is
。
there< br>＋
be
后面的名词
是句子的主语。如：

There is a hammer on the bookcase.
书箱上有个
鎯头。（单数名词）

There is some tea in the cup.
杯子里有些茶水。
（不可数名词）

There are three bottles of milk on the table.
桌子
上有
3
瓶牛奶。（不可数名词，用复数量词修饰）

There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk.
课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。（第一个
并列名词是单数）


也请参见
Lessons
19
～
20
以及
Lessons
27
～
28
语法部分。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
bar
n.

（
1
）条；块：

He has just had a
chocolate bar.
他刚刚吃了一
块巧克力。


（
2
）（门、窗的）闩；杆：

He
is
now
behind
bars.
他现在被关在监狱里。
（
bar
指窗上装有铁栅栏，
behind bars
是一种非正式
固定用语，意为
in prison
，关在监狱里。）


（
3
）酒吧（间）：

The bar is very crowded.
酒吧里人很拥挤。


2
．
pound
n.

（
1
）磅；常衡磅（分成
16
盎司，等于< br>0.4536
千克，
略作
1b.
）
；
金衡磅
（分成
12
盎司，
等于
0.3732
千克，略作
1b. t.
）：

It weighs 15 pounds.
它的重量为
15
磅。

Give
me
a
pound
of
sugar,
please.
请给我
1
磅
糖。


（
2
）英镑（英国货币单位，简写为￡，全称为
pound sterling
）：

The
shirt
costs
me
￡

20.
买这件衬衣花了我
20
镑。

Half a pound of coffee costs one pound.
半磅咖
啡的价格是一英镑。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 42
A
1
Is there any bread in the kitchen?
2
There's a
loaf on the table.
3
There's some coffee on the table, too.
4
There isn't any chocolate on the table.
5
There's a spoon on that dish.
6
Is there any soap on the dressing table?
B
1
Is
there
a
spoon
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
one on the plate.
2
Is there a tie here?
Yes, there is. There's one
on the chair.
3
Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's
some on the table.
21

英语学习

4
Is there a hammer here?
Yes, there is. There's
one on the bookcase.
5
Is
there
any
tea
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some on the table.
6
Is
there
a
vase
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
one on the radio.
7
Is there a suit here?
Yes, there is. There's one
in the wardrobe.
8
Is
there
any
tobacco
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some in the tin.
9
Is
there
any
chocolate
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some on the desk.
10
Is
there
any
cheese
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some on the plate.


新概念第一册
43-44
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．

Can you make the tea, Sam?
你会沏茶吗，
萨姆？

make
the
tea,沏茶。句中
can
是英语中最常见的
几个情态助动词之一，请参见本课语法部分。


2
．
behind
，在
……
的后面。


与
in front of
（在
……
前面）互为反义词。


3
．
The
kettle's
boiling!
水开了
! = The water in
the kettle is boiling!


这里的
kettle =water in the kettle
。用容器来指代
容器内的东西是一种修辞格，叫借代
（
metonymy
）
。


语法

Grammar in use


can(1)

can
是英语中最常用的几个情态助动词之一，它
本 身不表示动作，只表示体力或脑力方面的能力或
客观可能等。它必须与其他动词连用，本身没有性
和数的变化。如：


I can see some coffee on the table.
我能看到桌
子上的一些咖啡。


Can
Sam
read
this
book?
萨姆看得懂这本书
吗？


can
的否定形式为
can
not, cannot
或
can't
（
省
略式）：


I
can't
see
any
coffee.
我
看
不
见
什
么
咖
啡。

He can't find the cups.
他找不到杯子。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
find
v.

（
1
）找到；寻得：


It
is
most
important
to
find
a
suitable
person
for
the
job.
找到一位适合做这项工作的人是至关
重要的。


Where are the cups? I can't find them.
杯子放
在哪儿


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 44
A
1
I
can
see
some
spoons,
but
I
can't
see
any
knives.
2
I
can
see
some
hammers,
but
I
can't
see
any
boxes.
3
I can see some coffee, but I can't see any loaves
of bread.
4
I
can
see
some
cupboards,
but
I
can't
see
any
shelves.
5
I can see Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown, but I can't
see their wives.
6
I can see some cups, but I can't see any dishes.
7
I can see some cars, but I can't see any buses.
B
1
Is
there
any
milk
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some in front of the door.
2
Is
there
any
soap
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some on the cupboard.
3
Are there any newspapers here?
Yes, there are.
There are some behind that vase.
4
Is there any water here?
Yes, there is. There's
some in those glasses.
5
Is
there
any
tea
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some in those cups.
6
Are there any cups here?
Yes, there are. There
are some in front of that kettle.
7
Is
there
any
chocolate
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some behind that book.
8
Are
there
any
teapots
here?
Yes,
there
are.
There are some in that cupboard.
9
Are there any cars here?
Yes, there are. There
are some in front of that building.
10
Is
there
any
coffee
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some on the table.

新概念第一册
45-46
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Can you come here a minute please, Bob?
请
你来一下好吗，鲍勃？

22

英语学习


句中的

a minute
是时间状语，表示
“
一会儿
”
、
“
片刻
”
。
又如：
Wait a minute, please.
请稍等一会儿。


2
．
She's next door.
她在隔壁。

这里

next door
起副词作用，作表语。


语法

Grammar in use


can(2)

can
是情态助动词，表示
“
能力
”
。情态助动词的
否定式由情态助动词加
not
构成；疑问句中将情态
助动词置于句首，后接句子的主语和主要谓语动
词。又如：

Can Penny
and
Jane
wash the
dishes?
彭尼和简
会洗盘子吗？

Yes, they can.
是的，她们会。

can
本身没有人称或数方面的变化。它还可以与
疑问词一起用在特殊疑问句中。如：

What
can
Penny
and
Jane
do?
彭尼和简会干什
么？

They can wash the dishes.
她们会洗盘子。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
lift
v.

（
1
）提；抬；举：

Can you lift this heavy suitcase?
你能提起这个
沉重的衣箱吗？

The
elderly
lady
lifted
her
eyes
from
the
book.
那位年长的女士从书本上抬起眼睛。


（
2
）提高；搞高
……
地位：

This
polity
lifted
Chinese
exports
of
silk.
这项
政策提高了中国丝绸的出口量。


2
．
make
v.

（
1
）制作；创造：

She
is
going
to
make
a
very
big
birthday
cake.
她准备做一个非常大的生日蛋糕。

Hollywood
can
make
the
most
famous
film
stars
in
the
world.
好莱坞可以造就世界上最著名的影
星。


（
2
）产生，引起，导致：

You
have
made
a
serious
mistake.
你犯了一个
严重的错误。

Don't
make
so
much
noise,
please!
请别这么大
肆喧闹！


（
3
）整理；料理；准备：

She is now making the bed for a guest.
她现在正
为客人铺床。

The coffee is made.
咖啡煮好了。


3
．
terrible
adj.

（
1
）可怕的；骇人的：


23
This is a picture of terrible new weapons.
这是一
张可怕的新式武器的图片。


（
2
）困难的；费劲的：

Who can accomplish this terrible task?
谁能完成
这项艰难的任务？


（
3
）极度的；非常严重的：

I've got a terrible headache.
我头疼得厉害。


（
4
）＜口＞糟透的；很蹩脚的：

She is terrible at maths.
她的数学很蹩脚。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 46
A
1
They can type these letters.
2
She can make the bed.
3
You can swim across the river.
4
We can come now.
5
We can run across the park.
6
He can sit on the grass.
7
I can give him some chocolate.
B
1
Can you type this letter?
Yes, I can.
What can you do?
I can type this letter.
2
Can Penny wait for the bus?
Yes, she can.
What can she do?
She can wait for the bus.
3
Can
Penny
and
Jane
wash
the
dishes?
Yes,
they can.
What can they do?
They can wash the dishes.
4
Can George take these flowers to her?
Yes, he
can.
What can he do?
He can take these flowers to her.
5
Can the cat drink its milk?
Yes, it can.
What can it do?
It can drink its milk.
6
Can you and Tom paint this bookcase?
Yes, we
can.
What
can
you
and
Tom
do?
We
can
paint
this
bookcase.
7
Can you see that aeroplane?
Yes, I can.
What can you do?
I can see that aeroplane.
8
Can Jane read this book?
Yes, she can.
What can she do?
She can read this book.

新概念第一册
47-48
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Yes, I do.
是的，我喜欢。


是一句肯定的简略回答。如果是否定的回答，
则应为
No, I don't. I like…
和

I don't like…
这两个句
英语学习

型是分别表示
“
我喜欢


／想要
……”
和
“
我不喜欢／想要
……”
的惯常用法。


2
．
black
coffee,
不加牛奶或咖啡伴侣的清咖
啡。


加牛奶的咖啡叫

white
coffee.
black
在有些搭
配中不译为黑色的，如：
black tea
红茶


3
．序数词

1st
～
12th

1st----first
2nd----second
3rd---
-third
4th----fourth
5th----fifth
6th----sixth
7th----seventh 8th----eighth 9th----ni
nth
10th----tenth
11th---- eleventh

12th----twelfth
英语中序数词必须与定冠词（
the
）连用。虽然
有时不在形式上表现出来，在朗 读的时候也必须加
上
the
。
如：
the 1st month
（第
1
个月）
，
the twelfth
century
（
12
世纪）。


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时（
1
）


一般现在时可用以陈述现在时段内发 生或存在
的事件、动作或行为。这些事件、动作或情景说不
定会无限地延续下去。但实际上，我 们的意思则是
在说
“
这是现在存在着的状况
”
。一般现在时还可以< br>表示普遍真理以及习惯性的动作。如：

I like black coffee.
我喜欢喝清咖啡。

I don't want any milk in my tea.
我想给我的茶
中加什么牛奶。

My father works in a bank.
我父亲在一家银行
工作。

I get up at 7.
我
7
点钟起床。

The earth goes round the sun.
地球围着太阳转。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
like
v.

（
1
）喜欢：

I like that sweet girl.
我喜欢那个可爱的姑娘。

John likes Chinese food.
约翰喜欢吃中国菜。


（
2
）想要；希望有：

Would
you
like
some
coffee?
你要不要来点咖
啡？

How does Ann like her coffee?
安想喝什么样的
咖啡？


2
．
want
v.

（
1
）想要；希望：

I want some sugar.
我想要些糖。

I want you to try.
我希望你试试。


（
2
）需要：


24
Those drooping flowers want water.
那些正在枯
萎的花朵需要水分。

My
leather
shoes
want
cleaning.
我的皮鞋需要
擦擦了。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 48
A
1
The aeroplane is flying over the village.
2
The ship is going under the bridge.
3
The children are swimming across the river.
4
Two cats are running along the wall.
5
The boy is jumping off the branch.
6
The girl is sitting between her mother and her
father.
7
The
teacher
is
standing
in
front
of
the
blackboard.
8
The blackboard is behind the teacher.
B
1
Yes, I do.
I like honey, but I don't want any.
2
Yes, I do.
I like bananas, but I don't want one.
3
Yes, I do.
I like jam, but I don't want any.
4
Yes, I do.
I like oranges, but I don't want one.
5
Yes,
I
do.
I
like
ice
cream,
but
I
don't
want
any.
6
Yes, I do.
I like whisky, but I don't want any.
7
Yes, I do.
I like apples, but I don't want one.
8
Yes, I do.
I like wine, but I don't want any.
9
Yes, I do.
I like biscuits, but I don't want one.
10 Yes, I do. I like beer, but I don't want any.


新概念第一册
49-50
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What about some steak?
来点牛排吗？


句中
What
可以换成
How< br>，用来征求对方看法
或意见。请参看
Lessons 31
～
32
课文详注。


2
．
to tell(you) the truth,
老实说，说实话。


它常用于句首，作句子的附加成分，表示说话
人对所说话语的态度：

To tell you the truth, I don't like his new car at all.

给你讲实话，
我一点儿也不喜欢他的那辆新车。


3
．序数词
13th
～
24th

13th ----thirteenth
14th----fourteenth

15th----fifteenth
16th ----sixteenth
17th--
--seventeenth
18th----eighteenth
19th---- nineteenth

20th---- twentieth
21st----twenty-first 22nd-
英语学习

---twenty-second 23rd---- twenty-third
24th----t
wenty-fourth

语法

Grammar in use


1
．选择疑问句


含有
or
的问句称为选择疑问 句。
or
之前的部分
读升调，之后的部分读降调。这种疑问句不能简单
地用< br>Yes
或
No
来回答。选择疑问句把选择的余地
缩小在数目有限的事 物、行动等上面，可以有无限
性的选择、
3
项选择以及两项选择。选择疑问句通
常可以采用缩略形式，如：

Beef or lamb?
牛肉还是羔羊肉？


选择疑问句的例句如：

What would you like to drink?
你喜欢喝什么？
（无限性选择）

Which/What
would
you
prefer,
tea
or
coffee?
茶和咖啡，你喜欢哪一种？（两项选择）

Would you like tea, coffee, or milk?
你喜欢茶、
咖啡、还是牛奶？（
3
项选择）

How shall we go, by bus or by train?
我们怎么
走？乘公共汽车还是坐火车？

Did you go there, or didn't you?
你去了那儿还
是没有去？

Did you or didn't you go there?
你是去了还是
没有去那儿？


2
．一般现在时的单数第
3
人称形式
（可参见

Lessons 47
～
48
语法部分。）


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
too
adv.

也，还（常用于肯定句，有时也 用于疑问句，
但不能用于否定句。常见于句末，而且
too
前常有
逗号；如果 不在句末，
too
前后都应当有逗号）：

I like lamb, too.
我也喜欢小羊肉。

Can I come, too?
我也来，行吗？

I, too, have been to Shanghai.
我也到过上海。


2
．
either
adv.

也，而且（一般用于否定句，位于句末，前面
通常有逗号）：

He
doesn't
like
the
house,
and
I
don't
like
it,
either.
他不喜欢这所房子，我也不喜欢。

If you do not go, I shall not go, either.
如果你不
去，那么我也不去。

I
haven't
seen
the
film
and
my
sister
hasn't
either.
我没有看过那部电影，我妹妹也没看过。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 50
A

25
1
He likes coffee, but I don't.
2
She likes tea, but he doesn't.
3
He is eating some bread, but she isn't.
4
She can type very well, but he can't.
5
They are working hard, but we aren't.
6
He is reading a magazine, but I am not.
B
1
Yes, he does.
He likes cabbage, but he doesn't want any.
2
Yes, he does.
He likes lettuce, but he doesn't want any.
3
Yes, I do.
I like peas, but I don't want any.
4
Yes, she does.
She likes beans, but she doesn't want any.
5
Yes, I do.
I like bananas, but I don't want any.
6
Yes, he does.
He likes oranges, but he doesn't want any.
7
Yes, he does.
He likes apples, but he doesn't want any.
8
Yes, she does.
She likes pears, but she doesn't want any.
9
Yes, I do.
I like grapes, but I don't want any.
10
Yes, she does.
She likes peaches, but she doesn't want any.

新概念第一册
51-52
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Where do you come from?
你是哪国人？


问对方是什么地方人。
come from
表示来源或籍
贯。也可说：
Where are you from?
在第
7
课中出现
过类似的句子。


2
．
What's the climate like in your country?
你
们国家的气候怎么样？


句中
like
是介词，
不是动词，
它的宾语是

What
。
又如：
What's the weather like in spring? climate
指某
一地区数年间的天气情况；
weather是指某个特定的
时间内晴、雨、风、雪变化。对于这类问题的回答
可
以
是

It's
very
pleasant
（
很
好
）
或

It
rains
sometimes
（有时下雨）。这里的
it
均指天气。


3
．
It's often windy in March. 3
月里常常刮风。


表示在某个月份里通常用介词
in
。
类似用
in
的
时间短语课文中还有

in
April
（在
4
月），
in
June
（在

6
月），
in September
（在

9
月）等等。

英语学习

often
（经常）
，
always
（ 总是，
老是）
，
sometimes
（有时）都是课文中出现的表示非确定频 度的副
词。这些副词一般用来回答用
how
often
提问的问
题。


语法

Grammar in use


What…(be. look, etc.) like?
我们把
What…like?
这一句型用于询问事物的状况，
例如天气、
气候等：

What's
the
weather
like
today?
今天天气怎么
样？

What's it like today?
今天怎么样？

What's
the
climate
like
in
your
country?
你们国
家气候怎么样？


或询问人物或事物的外观或特征：

What's
your
brother
like?
你兄弟是个什么样
子？

What's your house like?
你的房子是什么样的？


许多形容词可用以回答
What…like?
这样的问
题，并可 根据上下文给以笼统的或确切的信息。例
如课文中表示天气或气候的形容词有
pleasant
（宜
人的），
windy
（有风的），
hot
（热的），< br>cold
（冷
的），
warm
（温暖的）等等。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
sometimes
adv.

有时，间或：

It
is
sometimes
hot
and
sometimes
cold.
天气时
冷时热。

Sometimes he visits his aunt who lives nearby.
他
有时会去看望他那住在附近的婶婶。


2
．
pleasant
adj.

（
1
）令人愉快的；舒适合意的：

The
climate
in
my
hometown
is
always
pleasant.
我家乡的气候总是宜人而舒爽。

This study is pleasant to work in.
在这个书房里
工作令人感到舒适。


（
2
）（人或其外表、
举止等）
讨人喜欢的；
（性
情等）和蔼可亲的：

She's such a pleasant girl.
她真是个可爱的姑娘。

Andrew seemed very pleasant on the phone.
安德
鲁在电话里显得很和蔼可亲。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 52
A
1
We
come
from
Germany,
but
Dimitri
comes
from Greece.
2
I like cold weather, but he likes warm weather.

26
3
He comes from the U. S., but she comes from
England.
4
She
doesn't
like
the
winter,
but
she
likes
the
summer.
5
I
come
from
Norway,
but
you
come
from
Spain.
6
Stella
comes
from
Spain,
but
Hans
and
Karl
come from Germany.
7
We
don't
come
from
Spain.
We
come
from
Brazil.
B
1
Where does she come from?
Does she come from England?
No,
she
doesn't
come
from
England.
She
comes
from the U. S.
What nationality is she?
She's American.
2
Where do they come from?
Do they come from France?
No,
they
don't
come
from
France.
They
come
from England.
What nationality are they?
They're English.
3
Where does he come from?
Does he come from France?
No, he doesn't come from France. He comes from
Germany.
What nationality is he?
He's German.
4
Where does he come from?
Does he come from Italy?
No,
he
doesn't
come
from
Italy.
He
comes
from
Greece.
What nationality is he?
He's Greek.
5
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Greece?
No,
they
don't
come
from
Greece.
They
come
from Italy.
What nationality are they?
They're Italian.
6
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Brazil?
No, they don't come from Brazil. They come from
Norway.
What nationality are they?
英语学习

They're Norwegian.
7
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Norway?
No,
they
don't
come
from
Norway.
They
come
from Greece.
What nationality are they?
They're Greek.
8
Where does she come from?
Does she come from Italy?
No, she doesn't come from Italy. She comes from
Spain.
What nationality is she?
She's Spanish.
9
Where does she come from?
Does she come from Norway?
No,
she
doesn't
come
from
Norway.
She
comes
from France.
What nationality is she?
She's French.
10
Where does he come from?
Does he come from the U. S.?
No,
he
doesn't
come
from
the
U.
S.
He
comes
from Brazil.
What nationality is he?
He's Brazilian.


新概念第一册
53-54
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
in the North=in the north of England.

North
的首字母大写，
是因为它单独使用，
特指
英国的北部。表示一个国家或地区的方位词一般要
大写。本 课中的方位词均表示国家的一部分：

in the East
在东部

in the West
在西方

in the South
在南方

但是，仅仅表示方位意义的方位词不需大写。
如：

a north wind
北风

a south window
南窗


2
．
Which seasons do you like best?
你最喜欢
哪些季节？


句中的
b est
是副词
well
的最高级，作状语，修
饰
like
。


3
．
The sun rises early and sets late.
太阳升得
早而落得晚
。


27

句中的
early
和
late
都是副词，分别修饰动词< br>rises
和
sets
，
作状语。
注意
the su n
中定冠词的用法。
在英语中，表示世界上独一无二的东西（如太阳、
月亮、世界、地 球、天空、宇宙）的名词之前通常
需加定冠词。


4
．
favourite subject of conversation,
最喜欢谈
论的话题。


英国人见面时谈话通常是从天气开始的。一 方
面这与英国的自然地理情况有关，另一方面则与英
国人的民族性格有关。谈论天气是任何人都 可接受
的话题，而且这可避免介入令人尴尬的或侵入私人
领域的话题。


语法

Grammar in use
like (v.)
与
like (prep.)
like(v.)
表示
“< br>喜欢
”
、
“
想要
”
（请参见

Lessons
47
～
48
词汇部分），而
like(prep.)
表示
“
像
……
一
样
”
：

His
car
is
like
mine.
他的汽车跟我的那辆一
样。

She
is
very
like
her
sister.
她和她姐姐相像极
了。

The new building looks like a big bird.
那座新
建筑看上去像是一只大鸟。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
mild
adj.

（
1
）（天气等）温暖的；暖和的：

They had an exceptionally mild winter last year.
他们那儿去年冬天出奇地暖和。

The
climate
in
the
South
is
always
mild
and
pleasant.
南方的气候总是温和宜人。


（
2
）（性情等）温和的：

John
is
a
mild
man
who
never
raises
his
voice.
约翰是一个温和的人，他从不抬高嗓门说话。


I
like
his
gentle
and mild
voice.
我喜欢他
那温和而轻柔的声音。


（
3
）（食物等）味淡的：

Try this mild curry.
试试这种淡味咖喱。

He
likes
to
smoke
mild
cigars.
他喜欢抽淡味
雪茄烟。


2
．
rise
v.

（
1
）（日、月等）升起；上升：

The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。

The curtain rises at 8.00 p. m.
剧在晚上
8
点钟
开演。


（
2
）（河水、物价、温度等）上涨；升高；增
加：

英语学习

The level of the river is still rising.
河水水位仍
在上涨。


（
3
）起身；起床：

My mother always rises early.
我母亲总是很早
起床。

The house rose to the singers.
全场起立向歌唱
演员们致意。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 54
A
1
Does
the
sun
set
late?
The
sun
doesn't
set
late.
2
Does
he
like
ice
cream?
He
doesn't
like
ice
cream.
3
Does Mrs. Jones want a biscuit?
She doesn't
want a biscuit.
4
Does
Jim
come
from
England?
He
doesn't
come from England.
B
1
Where does he come from? Is he Australian?
Yes. He's Australian. He comes from Australia.
2
Where does he come from? Is he Austrian?
Yes. He's Austrian. He comes from Austria.
3
Where does he come from? Is he Canadian?
Yes. He's Canadian. He comes from Canada.
4
Where do they come from? Are they Chinese?
Yes. They're Chinese. They come from China.
5
Where does he come from? Is he Finnish?
Yes. He's Finnish. He comes from Finland.
6
Where does she come from? Is she Indian?
Yes. She's Indian. She comes from India.
7
Where do they come from? Are they Japanese?
Yes. They are Japanese. They come from Japan.
8
Where do they come from? Are they Nigerian?
Yes. They're Nigerian. They come from Nigeria.
9
Where does she come from? Is she Turkish?
Yes. She's Turkish. She comes from Turkey.
10
Where does she come from? Is she Korean?
Yes. She's Korean. She comes from Korea.

新概念第一册
55-56
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
go to work,
上班。

由动词

go
引导的短语课文中还有：
go
to
school
（上学）
，

go to bed
（
上床睡觉）
。
请注意

work,
school
以及

bed
之前不带任何冠词。


28

2
．
stay at home,
呆在家里
。


与

stay
home
在意思上相差无几。前者中的

home
是名词，后者中的
home
是副词。


3
．
do the housework,
料理家务。

housework
是不可数名词。请比较：
do
the
homework
（做作业）。


4
．
at night,
在夜里。


如果说某日夜里，
则用介词

on:
on the night of
June 2
在
6
月
2
日的夜里


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时（
2
）
（请参见

Lessons
47
～
48
语
法部分。）


一般现在时 用于表示一个习惯动作、有规律的
行为以及永恒的现象。一般与时间频度副词和时间
短语连用。 这些时间短语有：

every day/week/month/year
每日／周／月／年

in the morning/afternoon/evening
在上午／下午
／晚上

at noon/night
在正午／夜里


第
3
人称单数的谓语动词需加以变化，这可分
为几种情况：


（
1
）一般情况在动词后面直接加

-s
，如：
want----wants
come----comes
arrive----arrives

（
2
）以
-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o
结尾的动词加

-es
，
如
：
fix----fixes
wash ----washes
go----goes
watch----
watches
do----does

（
3
）以辅音加

-y
结尾的动词，把

-y
改成

-i
，
再加

-es
；
而元音加

-y
结尾的动词，
只加

-s
即可：

hurry----hurries
carry----carries
play----play
s
stay----stays

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
arrive
v.


（
1
）到达；到来：

We arrived home early.
我们很早就到家了。

The train is expected to arrive in London at 8. 20
p. m.
火车预计在晚上
8
点
20
分抵达伦敦。

（
2
）（时间等）来临；（婴儿）出生：

At
last
the
day
of
graduation
arrived.
毕业的那
一天终于来临。

Elizabeth's
baby
arrived
at
midnight.
伊丽莎白
的婴儿是在午夜时分降生的。

2
．
live
v.

（
1
）居住；生活：

Frank lives in Paris.
弗兰克居住在巴黎。

Where do you live?
你住在哪儿？

英语学习

（
2
）活；生存：


Fish can't live long out of water.
鱼离开水活不
了多久。


My grandmother lived until she was 94.
我祖母
活到了
94
岁。

（
3
）过生活；享受生活乐趣：


At 40 he was just beginning to live.
他到
40
岁
才刚刚开始过上富有意义的生活。

You haven't lived till you've been to Paris.
你没
到过巴黎就算不上享受过生活。

（
4
）靠
……
生活（
by/on
）：

He lives by playing the violin.
他靠拉小提琴为
生。

He
lives
on
the
fortune
left
to
him
by
his
father.
他靠他父亲给他留下的财产生活。


3
．
stay
v.

（
1
）呆在，停留：

Mrs. White stays at home every day.
怀特太太每
天都呆在家中。

（
2
）逗留；暂住：

We were staying at the same hotel.
我们住在同
一家饭店。

（
3
）持续；保留：

The house has to stay exactly as it was.
这所房子
必须完全保持原来的样子。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 56
A
1
The children go to school in the morning.
2
Their father takes them to school.
3
Mrs. Sawyer stays at home.
4
She does the housework.
5
She always eats her lunch at noon.
B
1
What
does
she
do
in
the
morning?
She
always makes the bed in the morning.
2
What does he do in the morning?
He always
shaves in the morning.
3
What
do
they
do
in
the
evening?
They
sometimes listen to the stereo in the evening.
4
What does he do every day?
He always
cleans the blackboard every day.
5
What
do
they
do
at
night?
They
always go to bed early at night.
6
What does she do every day?
She usually
washes the dishes every day.

29
7
What
do
they
do
in
the
afternoon?
They
usually type some letters in the afternoon.
8
What does it do every day?
It usually
drinks some milk every day.
9
What
do
they
do
in
the
evening?
They
sometimes watch television in the evening.
10
What does she do at noon?
She always
eats her lunch at noon.
11
What
does
he
do
in
the
evening?
He
often
reads his newspaper in the evening.

新概念第一册
57-58
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
by car,
乘汽车。

by
（乘坐）表示
“
乘坐（某种交通工具）
”
，但
它必须与动词连用。 表交通工具的名词前不加冠
词：

by boat
乘船

by bus
乘公共汽车

by plane
乘飞机

by sea
乘船


2
．
on foot,
步行。


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时与现在进行时


一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的
动作；现在进行时表示说话时正在发生 的动作，动
作还没有完成。

一般现在时表示永久的情况；进行时表示暂时
的情况。

进行时只用于表示动作或偶尔发生的事件（
We
are eating, it is raining
等等）。有些动词（如

like,
want, know
等）不是动作动词，因此不能用进行时
态，如不能说

I am knowing
或
We are liking
，而只
能说

I know
或

We like
。

一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作，通常与时间
频度副词连用，
如

usually, always, often, sometimes,
never
等；现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动
作，
一般与

now, at the moment, today, this afternoon,
this evening, tonight
等连用。

We usually watch television at night. But we are
listening to the stereo tonight.

我们通常晚上看电视。但是今晚我们正在听立
体声节目。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
play

（
1
）
v.
玩，做游戏：

英语学习

The
children
are
playing
in
the
garden.
孩子们
正在花园里玩耍。

（
2
）
v.
参加（体育活动、比赛等）：

Let's play chess!
咱们来下棋吧！

He likes playing basketball.
他喜欢打篮球。

（
3
）
n.
玩耍；娱乐：

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工
作而不娱乐会使人变呆的。


2
．
cook

（
1
）
v.
烹调；煮，烧：

She cooked a lovely meal for her husband.
她为
丈夫做了一顿美餐。

The
beef
is
not
cooked
enough.
牛肉煮得不够
熟。

（
2
）
n.
厨子，炊事员：

Tom works as a cook in a local restaurant.
汤姆
在当地的一家餐馆当厨子。

My dad is really a good cook.
我爸爸烹调手艺
特棒。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 58
A
1
She usually drinks tea in the morning, but this
morning, she is drinking coffee.
2
They
usually
play
in
the
garden
in
the
afternoon,
but
this
afternoon,
they
are
playing
in
the
park.
3
He
usually
washes
the
dishes
at
night,
but
tonight he is washing clothes.
B
1
What
does
she
usually
do
in
the
morning?
She usually drinks tea in the morning.

What is she doing this morning?
She is drinking
coffee.
2
What
do
they
usually
do
in
the
afternoon?
They
usually
play
in
the
garden
in
the
afternoon.
What
are
they
doing
this
afternoon?
They
are
swimming in the river.
3
What
do
you
usually
do
in
the
evening?
I
usually cook a meal in the evening.
What are you doing this evening?
I am reading
a book this evening.
4
What do you usually do at night?
We usually
watch television at night.

30
What are you doing tonight?
We are listening
to the stereo tonight.

新概念第一册
59-60
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
writing paper,
信纸。

pape r
意为
“
纸
”
、
“
纸张
”
时是不 可数名词，一张
纸应是

a sheet of paper
或

a piece of paper
。类似的
名词还有：
glue(a bottle of glue
一瓶胶水）；
chalk(a
box/piece of chalk
一盒／枝粉笔）；
ink (a bottle of
ink
一瓶墨水）。


2
．
I only have small boxes.
我只有小盒的。


boxes
后省略了

of chalk
。


3
．
Do you want one?
您要一盒吗？


one
代替

one small box of chalk
。


4
．
What else do you want?
您还要什么吗？

What
else…?
可以看成 是表示疑问的一个句
式，意思是
“
还有什么
……
吗？
”el se
常接在疑问代
词、
不定代词及疑问副词后面，
表示
“
此 外
”
、
“
别的
”
、
“
其他的
”< br>。又如：

Who
else
is
from
New
York?
还有谁是从纽约
来的？

When else shall we meet again?
什么其他的时
间我们再见面？

What else did he say?
他还说了些什么？


语法

Grammar in use

完全动词

have
（
1
）


完全动词
have< br>的意思相当于
“
拥有
”
、
“
具有
”
，
have
当
“
拥有
”
讲时，可用于所有的一般时态，却不
能用于进行时态（
is having, are having
等）。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
change
n.

（
1
）找头；零钱：

Here is your change.
这是你的零头。

I have no change about me.
我身边没有零钱。

（
2
）变化；转换：

Roast
beef
is
a
welcome
change
from
the
usual
tasteless
food.
烤牛肉与平素无味的饭菜比起来实
在是一种让人欣喜的变化。

Let's go to a French restaurant for a change.
咱们
去家法国餐馆吧，换换口味。


2
．
size
n.

（
1
）（衣服、鞋、帽等的）尺码，号：

What size does she want?
她想要几号的？

This
blouse
is
your
size.
这件衬衣是你这号尺
码的。

英语学习

（
2
）（尺寸、体积、规模、身材等的）大小；
（数量）多少：

There are houses of all sizes in that town.
那个镇
上有着大大小小各式房子。

We
have
chosen
some
boys
all
of
the
same
size.
我们选出了一些个头一般高的男孩子。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 60
A
1
I
don't
have
any
grapes,
but
I
have
some
peaches.
2
I
don't
have
any
tomatoes,
but
I
have
some
potatoes.
3
I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.
4
I don't have any glue, but I have some ink.
5
I
don't
have
any
envelopes,
but
I
have
some
writing paper.
B
1
I don't have any honey, but I have some jam.
2
Penny and I don't have any beans, but we have
some potatoes.
3
Penny and Sam don't have any wine, but they
have some beer.
4
Sam
and
I
don't
have
any
bread,
but
we
have
some biscuits.
5
Sam and Penny don't have any grapes, but they
have some bananas.
6
I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.
7
The
children
don't
have
any
butter,
but
they
have some eggs.
8
I
don't
have
any
lettuces,
but
I
have
some
cabbages.
9
Penny and I don't have any beans, but we have
some peas.


新概念第一册
61-62
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
fell ill,
感觉病了；
look ill,
看起来有病
。


前者指自我感觉，后者指外表形象。
il l
是表语，
look
和
feel
都是系动词，
可像
am/is/are
那样，
后面
跟形容词。


2
．
…so he must stay in bed for a week.……
因此
他必须卧床休息一周。

so
表示
“
因此
”
、
“
所以
”
。
for
可以 引出一段时间，
表示某个动作持续多少时间。又如：

for two hours
each day
每天两小时


31

3
．
That's good news for Jimmy.
对吉米来说，
这可是个好消息。


句中的
news
是不可数名词，不是复数形式。在
英语中，
有些以
-s
结尾的名词可作单 数使用，
又如：
mumps
（腮腺炎），
measles
（麻疹）。


4
．
She has a headache.
她头疼。


根据现代英语习惯，
heada che
前常用不定冠词
a
。
其他
ache
型的复合词也多用 不定冠词，如：
an
earache
（耳疼），
a toothache
（牙疼），
a stomach
ache
（胃疼）。


5
．
take/have an aspirin,
服／吃一片阿司匹林。


6
．
have

a

temperature
,
发烧。
= have a fever.


She has a high fever.
她在发高烧。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．完全动词

have
（
2
）

have
（和

have got
）
常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词
连用。
关于与这种名 词连用的不定冠词
a/an
的用法
可有几种情况：


（
1
）必须用不定冠词，如

a
cold
（感冒），
a
headache
（头疼），
a sore throat
（嗓子疼）：

I have a headache/cold.
我头疼／感冒了。


（
2
）不定冠词可用可不用，如

catch(a)cold
（患
感冒）
，
have(a)backache/stomach ache/toothache
（患
背痛／胃痛／牙疼等）：

I've
had(a)
toothache
all
night.
我牙疼了一整
夜。


（
3
）复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠词。如

measles（麻疹）
，
mumps
（流行性腮腺炎）
，
shingles< br>（带状疱疹）：

Most children are in bed with mumps.
大多数孩
子们都得了流行性腮腺炎，躺在床上。


（
4
）被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词，
如
flu
（流行性 感冒），
gout
（痛风），
hepatitis
（肝
炎）等：
I was in bed with flu for ten days.
我因患流感，
卧床
10
天。

the
也可以与

flu
，
measles
和

mumps
等词连用，
如：

He's got the flu/the measles/the mumps.
他得了
流感／麻疹／腮腺炎。


2
．
must(2)

must
是情态助动词（如can
一样），它本身没
有时态、
性或数的变化，
也不能单独作谓语动词
（简
短回答除外）。
must
表示
“
必要性
”，即某人必须做
某事。（请参见

Lessons 29
～
30
语法部分。）


词汇学习

Word study

英语学习


1
．
feel
v.

（
1
）觉得；感到；意识到：

I could feel rain on my face.
她感觉到雨点打在
我的脸上。

He's
feeling
a
little
better
today.
他今天感觉好
点了。

（
2
）摸，触；（客体）给人某种感觉：


He
felt
his
pockets
and
then
took
out
a
small
box.
他摸摸他的口袋，然后取出一个小盒子。

The
silk
feels
very
smooth.
丝绸摸上去很滑
爽。


（
3
）认为；以为；相信：


I feel that he has made a mistake.
我认为他犯
了一个错误。


I feel it unnecessary to do so.
我认为这样做没
必要。


2
．
remember
v.

（
1
）记得；回忆：

Can
Mrs.
Williams
remember
the
doctor's
telephone
number?
威廉斯太太记得起医生的电话
号码吗？

I remember he used to dress in a blue suit.
我记
得他从前常穿一套蓝色衣服。


（
2
）记住；牢记；不忘记：

I
tried
hard
to
remember
the
long
passage
of
Shakespeare.
我努力记住莎士比亚的大段说白。

Remember your appointment with the dentist.
别
忘了你和牙医的预约。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 62

A
1
He has a cold.
2
He can't go to work.
3
He is not well.
4
He feels ill.
5
He must see a doctor.
6
He does not like doctors.
B
1
What's the matter with Elizabeth?
Does she have an earache?
No, she doesn't have an earache.
She has a headache.
So she must take an aspirin.
2
What's the matter with George?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.

32
He has an earache.
So he must see a doctor.
3
What's the matter with Jim?
Does he have a stomach ache?
No, he doesn't have a stomach ache.
He has a toothache.
So he must see a dentist.
4
What's the matter with Jane?
Does she have a toothache?
No, she doesn't have a toothache.
She has a stomach ache.
So she must take some medicine.
5
What's the matter with Sam?
Does he have a stomach ache?
No, he doesn't have a stomach ache.
He has a temperature.
So he must go to bed.
6
What's the matter with Dave?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.
He has flu.
So he must stay in bed.
7
What's the matter with Jimmy?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.
He has measles.
So we must call the doctor.
8
What's the matter with Susan?
Does she have an earache?
No, she doesn't have an earache.
She has mumps.
So we must call the doctor.


新概念第一册
63-64
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
play with,
玩
……
（东西）。

The
children
are
playing
with
a
toy
car
in
the
garden.
孩子们正在花园玩一辆玩具汽车。


2
．
make a noise,
搞出声响。

noise
是抽象名词。抽象名词是不可数的，前面
加不定冠词
a
并不意味
1
、
2
、
3
、
4
等数目，只是< br>赋予那个名词具体的含义，如一次、一种、一例、
一番等。又如：

have
a
rest
休息一下

take
a
look
at…

看一
眼
……


3
．
lean out of the window,
把身子探出窗外。

英语学习

out of
是介词短语，
与

in
或

into
相对，
表示
“
离
开
”
、
“
脱离
”
。


语法

Grammar in use


禁令

don't
与
mustn't
都可用 来表示禁令。用
mustn't
表示
“
禁止
”
或
“
不许可
”
，语气比较强烈。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
keep
v.

（
1
）使保持某状态；保持：

Keep the room warm.
使房间保持温暖。

Keep the fire burning.
不要让火熄灭了。


（
2
）保存；保留：

He would not be able to keep his job.
他恐怕保
不住他那份工作了。

If you like it, just keep it.
你如果喜欢的话，那
把它留下来吧。


（
3
）保守；储藏：

Please keep this secret.
请保守这一秘密。

Would
you
keep
my
things
for
me
while
I'm
away?
在我离开的这段时间里，
你能为我保管一下
东西吗？


2
．
remain
v.

（
1
）留下；停留：

You'd better remain at home.
你最好留在家里。

We're
going
to
remain
in
Rome
for
another
two
days.
我们准备再在罗马逗留两天。


（
2
）保持不变：

It will remain cold for a couple of days.
天气还
将持续冷几天。

Most
people
remained
silent
at
the
meeting.
多
数人在会上保持沉默。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 64

A
1
Jimmy is better now but he mustn't get up yet.
2
Jimmy has a cold and he must stay in bed.
3
Jimmy can get up for two hours each day.
4
Jimmy often reads in bed.
5
Jimmy listens to the stereo, too.
6
Jimmy doesn't feel ill now.
B
1
Don't
take
any
aspirins!
You
mustn't
take
any aspirins!
2
Don't
take
this
medicine!
You
mustn't
take
this medicine!
3
Don't call the doctor!
You mustn't call the
doctor!

33
4
Don't
play
with
matches!
You
mustn't
play
with matches!
5
Don't talk in the library!
You mustn't talk in
the library!
6
Don't make a noise!
You mustn't make a
noise!
7
Don't
drive
so
quickly!
You
mustn't
drive
so quickly!
8
Don't
lean
out
of
the
window!
You
mustn't
lean out of the window!
9
Don't
break
that
vase!
You
mustn't
break
that vase!


新概念第一册
65-66
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What are you going to do this evening, Jill?
今晚你打算干什么，吉尔？

由
every, this, next
等词开头的时间状语前面通
常不加介词。


2
．
I'm going to meet some friends, Dad.
我打
算去看几个朋友，爸爸。

dad
和
mum
前如没有所有格代词或名词所有格
作修饰语，就特指自己的父母亲，要大写。
father和
mather
也是如此。


3
．
Jill's eighteen years old, Tom.
吉尔都
18
岁
了，汤姆。


表示
“
几岁
”
，一般由基数词
+ year(s) old
构成。
在口语中，
year(s)old
往往可以省去，
而只用数字 表
示年龄。如：

She is eighteen.
她
18
岁。


4
．
That's all right.
不用谢。


当别人表示感谢时，可以作出如是回答。还可
以说
You're welcome/Not at all/Don't mention it.

5
．
Bye-bye.
再见。


非正式的告别语，语气较随便。非正式的告别
语还有

So long,See you
或

I'll be seeing you
等。正
式的告别语是

Goodbye
，而夜里向人告别时用

Good night
。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．反身代词

（
1
）当宾语和主语是同一个人时，一般需要用
反身代词：

He cut himself when he was shaving this morning.
今天早晨刮胡子时，他把脸刮破了。

The old lady is talking to herself.
那位老妇人正
在自言自语。

英语学习


（2
）反身代词也可与名词连用，表达
“
就是那
个人而不是别人
”
的意思：

We went there ourselves.
我们自己去那儿了。

They wanted to finish the work themselves.
他们
想靠自己来完成这项工作。


2
．时间与日期


（
1
）钟点表达法


在某个钟点的
1
到
30
分钟内，我们常用
past
表示，
如
8
点
20
分时我们可以说
t wenty past eight
；
如果时间是在某个钟点的
31
分到下一 个整点，我
们则常用介词
to
，但要注意钟点及分钟的变换。如
6
点
47
分我们通常会将之换算为
7
点差
13
分，即

thirteen to seven
。

以上两种情况也可以用直接读出钟点和分钟的
方式来表达：

eight
twenty
8
点
20
分

six
forty-seven
6
点
47
分


表示在什么时间通常都需用介词

at
：

He goes to school at 7. 30.
他
7
点半上学。


（
2
）通常使用介词

on
表示星期几（如

on
Monday
在星期一）、一天中的某段时间（如

on
Monday morning
在星期一早上）
、
日期
（如

on April
1st
在
4
月
1
日）
、
星期几
+
日期
（如

on Monday,April
1st
在
4
月
1
日，
星期一）
、
具体时间
（如

on that day
在那一天）
、
周年纪念日
（如

on your birthday
在你
的生日）
以及节日
（如

on Christmas Day
在圣诞节）
等。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
enjoy
v.

（
1
）过得快活：

She
enjoyed
herself
in
the
vacation.
她假期过
得愉快。


（
2
）乐于；喜爱：

I enjoy your company.
我乐意与你呆在一起。


（
3
）享有，享受：

We
all
enjoy
our
legal
rights.
我们都享有自己
的合法权利。


2
．
hear
v.

（
1
）听见：

He listened but could hear nothing.
他留神地听，
但什么也没有听到。

Do you hear?
你听见了吗？


（
2
）倾听，认真听：

Please hear her.
请听她讲。

We'd better hear what he has to say.
我们最好还
是听听他要说些什么。


34

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 66
A
1
I am going to see him at ten o'clock.
2
It often rains in November.
3
Where do you come from? I come from France.
4
I always go to work in the morning.
5
What's the climate like in your country?
6
It's cold in winter and hot in summer.
B
1
She must go to the library at 1. 15.
2
Sam and I must see the dentist at 3. 45.
3
I must type this letter at 2. 00.
4
Sam and Penny must see the boss at 1. 30.
5
George must take his medicine at 3. 15.
6
Sophie must arrive in London at 2. 30.
7
You must catch the bus at 3. 30.
8
I must arrive there at 3. 00.
9
They must come home at 2. 15.
10
I must meet Sam at 1. 45.
11
He must telephone me at 2. 45.


新概念第一册
67-70
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
hundreds of,
数以百计的。


这是用来表示不定数量的复数形式。类似的结
构还有
thousands
of
（数以千计的），

millions
of
（数以万计的）
。
但必须注意：
说

five hundred
（五
百，
500
）
，
six thousand
（六千，

6
，
000
）
，
two million
（两百万，
200
万）
等时，
hundred, thousand, million
这些词因为之前有具体数字而本身不加
-s
。


2
．
at the race,
观看比赛。


这里的
at
是
“
出席
”
、
“
在某场合”
的意思。


3
．
Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too.
我们的朋友朱莉和杰克也去了。


Julie and Jack
是

Our friends
的同位语。


4
．
car number fifteen,
第

15
号车。


在表示编了号的东西时，可以用基数词表示
顺序：

Lesson
67
第

67
课

Page
2
第

2
页

Bus
No.
332
第

332
路公共汽车

Question
10
第

10
个问题

语法

Grammar in use


用介词
at, on
和
in
的时间短语


（
1
）用介词


at
的时间短语通常可表示：
确切的时间
（如

at 10 o'
英语学习

clock 10
点钟时）
，
用餐时间
（如

at lunchtime
午餐
时）
，
其他时刻
（如

at noon
中午时）
，
节日
（如

at
Christmas
圣诞节时），年龄（如

at the age of 27 27
岁时）等。


介词
at
可表示地点，
通常用于某个小地点之前：


at the bus
－
stop
在公共汽车站


at the railway station
在火车站


at the butcher's
在肉店


at school
在学校


at the office
在办公室


at home
在家


（
2
）
介词
on
用于周和月份中的任何一天之前。
请参见
Lessons 65
～
66
语法部分。


（
3
）用介词
in
的时间短语通常可表示：

一天中的某段时间
（如

in the evening
在晚上）
，
月份（如

in
March
在

3
月），年份（如

in
1997
在

1997
年），季节（如

in spring
在春天），


世纪（如

in the 20th century
在
20
世纪），节
日（如
in Easter week
在复活节那一周），
时期
（如

in the holidays
在假期里）等。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．

stand
v.

（
1
）站立，起立：

We
were
standing
on
the
right.
我们当时站在
右边。

They stood because there were no seats.
没有座
位，所以他们只好站着。


（
2
）（建筑物）直立，耸立；（植物）直立生
长：

The white house stands on a hill.
那幢白色的房
子耸立在小山上。

Look
at
the
corn
standing
in
the
fields!
瞧那长
在地里的玉米！


2
．
finish
n.

（
1
）结束；最后阶段（或部分）：

The finish of the race was very exciting.
比赛的
最后一个阶段十分激动人心。

At
eleven
the
dinner
finally
dragged
to
a
finish.
宴会拖到
11
点才结束。


（
2
）完美，完善；（举止等）优雅：

His
dancing
lacks
finish.
他的舞跳得并不完
美。

We
hoped
that
four
years
of
college
would
give
him
some
finish.
我们希望
4
年的大学教育会使他
有些教养。

练习答案

Key to written exercises


35
Lesson 70
A
1
We were at the stationer's on Monday.
2
We were there
at
four o'clock.
3
They were in Australia in September.
4
They were there in spring.
5
On November 25th, they were in Canada.
6
They were there in 1990.
B
1
Where were you and Susan on March 23rd?

We were at the office on March 23rd.
2
Where were Sam and Penny in 1986?

They were in India in 1986.
3
Where were you and Penny on Saturday?

We were at the baker's on Saturday.
4
Where were Sam and Penny in 1993?

They were in Canada in 1993.
5
Where were you and Penny in August?

We were in Austria in August.
6
Where were Sam and Penny on May 25th?

They were at home on May 25th.
7
Where were you and Penny in December?

We were in Finland in December.
8
Where were you and Sam on February 22nd?

We were at school on February 22nd.


新概念第一册
71-72
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What's Ron Marston like, Pauline?
波琳，
朗
·
马斯顿是怎样一个人？

What
is
sb.
like?
这一句式可用来询问某人的
外貌或品行 。就本课的具体情况而言，波琳的回答
更多地是指马斯顿的品行如何。


2
．
He telephoned me four times yesterday…
他
昨天给我打了
4
次电话
……

four
times,
4
次。

time
在 英语中作不可数名词
时表示
“
时间
”
；作可数名词时表示
“
次数
”
。请注意
英语中次数的表示法：

once 1
次

twice
两次

three times 3
次

3
次或

3
次以上通常都用基数词

times
表
示：

five times 5
次

thirty times 30
次


3
．

the day before yesterday,
前天。


4
．
answer the telephone,
接电话。


口语中也常用

answer
the
phone
。类似的短语
如：
answer the door
／
doorbell
应声开门

answer a
letter
回信

英语学习


5
．
She can't speak to you now!
她现在不能同
你讲话！

speak to sb.
意为
“
与某人说话
”
。例如打电话时
可以说：

May
I
speak
to
Pauline,
please?
请让波琳接电
话好吗？

I' d like to speak to Pauline, please.
我想请波琳
听电话。


6
．
This is Pauline's mother.
我是波琳的母亲。

This
is …
是英美人打电话时表示
“
我是
……”
的
句式，而不说
I'm…
。相关的电话用语如：

This is Mary speaking.
我是玛丽。

This
is
Edward
calling
from
London.
我是爱德
华，现正在伦敦给你打电话。


语法

Grammar in use


一般过去时（
2
）

（请参见

Lessons 67
～
68
语
法部分。）

be
动词以外的动词 在一般过去时中一般有两种
形
式
。
规
则
动
词
一
般
是
在
动
词
后
面
加
-ed< br>，
如

answered
；
以
-e
结尾的规 则动词加
-d
，
如

telephoned,
arriv ed
。另一部分动词的过去式拼写不规则，因此
称为不规则动词，如：
say---- said, do----did
。


用一般过去时的句子中常常有表示过去某一时
刻的时间状语，
如本课中的

yesterday
（昨天）
，
the
day before yesterday
（前天）
，
yesterday morning
（昨
天上午）
，
yesterday afternoon
（昨天下午）
，
yesterday
evening
（昨天晚上），
last night
（昨夜）。


词汇学习

Word study


answer
（
1
）
v.
对
……
作出反应；响应：

Who answered the telephone?
谁接的电话？

Mary took a few minutes to answer the door.
玛
丽拖了几分钟时间才去开门。


（
2
）
v.
回答；答复：

I
don't
think
you've
answered
my
question.
我
认为你没有回答我的问题。

I
wrote
him
several
letters
but
couldn't
get
an
answer.
我给他写了好几封信，可都没有回音。


（
3
）
n.
答案；解决办法：

Do you know the answer to Question 10?
你知
道第
10
题的答案吗？

This
is
one
of
the
possible
answers
to
today's
environmental
problems.
这是有可能解决当今环
境问题的办法之一。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 72

36
A
1 It is raining now. It rained yesterday.

2 It is snowing now. It snowed yesterday.

3
He
is
boiling
some
eggs.
He
boiled
some
yesterday.

4
We
are
enjoying
our
lunch.
We
enjoyed
it
yesterday, too.

B
1
What
did
they
do
yesterday?
They
cleaned
their shoes yesterday.

2
What
did
he
do
last
night?
He
opened
the
box last night.

3
What
did
they
do
this
morning?
They
sharpened their pencils this morning.

4
What
did
she
do
this
evening?
She
turned
on the television this evening.

5
What
did
she
do
last
night?
She
listened
to the radio last night.

6
What
did
she
do
yesterday
morning?
She
boiled an egg yesterday morning.

7
What
did
they
do
yesterday
afternoon?
They
played a game yesterday afternoon.

8
What
did
he
do
in
the
morning
the
day
before
yesterday?
He stayed in bed in the morning the day
before yesterday.

9
What
did
she
do
yesterday
evening?
She
telephoned her husband yesterday evening.

10 What did she do the night before last?
She
called the doctor the night before last.


新概念第一册
73-74
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
She does not know London very well.
她对
伦敦不很熟悉。

k now…well
这一短语意为
“
对
……
了解
”
。 又
如：

I don't know him very well.
我不太了解他。


2
．
…,

and she lost her way. ……
因此她迷路
了。

句中的

and
当
“
所以
”
讲，表示结果。

lose one's
way,
迷路。


3
．
ask(sb.) the way,
（向某人）问路。


4
．
say to oneself,
心中暗想。

注意：
talk to oneself
意为
“
自言自语地说
”
。


5
．
Can
you
tell
me
the
way
to
King
Street,
please?
您能告诉我到国王街怎么走吗？

tell sb. the way(to),
告诉某人（去
……
的）路。

英语学习


6
．
cut himself
＝

cut his face
。

以整体代替部分是英语中的一种修辞格，叫提
喻（
synecdoche
）。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．副词

副词
（
adverb
）这个词的本意是补充动词的意义。
这就是许多副词的作用。它们可以通过修饰动词告
诉我们 有关句中某个动作的情况，也就是告诉我们
某事是如何、何时、何地等发生或进行的。


副词可以是单个的词（如

slowly
）或词组（如

very well
）
。
单一副词既有以
-ly
结尾的也有 不以
-ly
结尾的（如

quickly,
fast
）。

形容词向副词的转换一般遵循
3
个规则：


（
1
）在形容词后面直接加
-ly
，如：

quick----quickly
hurried---- hurriedly
ple
asant----pleasantly
warm----warmly

（
2
）以
-y
结尾的形容词，则把
-y
改成
-i
，再加
-ly
，如：
thirsty----thirstily
happy---- happily
（
3
）
形
容
词
与
副词
形
式
相
同
：
如
：

late----late
fast----fast
hard----hard
well-
---well
2
．部分不规则动词的过去式形式

go----went
see----saw
understand---- un
derstood
take----took
read ----read
／
red
／

drink---- drank
run----ran
know----knew
say----said
p
ut----put
cut----cut

eat----ate
meet----me
t
come----came
lose ----lost
tell----told
speak ----spoke

find----found
give----gave
swim----swam
have----had

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
lose
v.

（
1
）迷失；（使）迷路：

She did not know London very well, and she lost
her way.
她对伦敦不很熟悉，因此迷了路。

It's
very
easy
to
lose
your
way
in
a
strange
city.
在一个陌生的城市里，你很容易迷路。


（
2
）失去；丧失：

He
lost
his
sight
in
a
car
accident.
他在一起汽
车交通事故中失明了。

She
has
just
lost
her
job
because
of
carelessness.
她刚刚因疏忽大意而丢了工作。


（
3
）遗失；丢失：

I can't enter my house because I've lost my key on
my way home.


37
我进不了自己的房子，因为在回家的路上我把
钥匙丢了。

We lost her in the crowd.
我们在人群中找不见
她了。


2
．
understand

v.


（
1
）理解；懂：

He
doesn't
understand
English
and
you
can
try
French.
他不懂英语，你可以试试法语。

I
don't
understand
what
you
mean.
我不明白你
的意思。


（
2
）明了；了解；得知：

How
the
machine
works
is
still
not
fully
understood.
这台机器到底是如何运转的仍未被完
全弄清楚。

Only
today
have
I
begun
to
understand
the
political situation in Northern Ireland.
直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 74
A
1
He
read
the
phrase
slowly.
2
He
worked
lazily.
3
He
cut
himself
badly.
4
He
worked
carefully.
5
The door opened suddenly.
B
(sample sentences)
1
He does not know me very well.
2
She worked very hard.
3
She smiled pleasantly.
4
The bus went hurriedly.
5
He shaved slowly.
6
She drank a glass of water thirstily.
7
He greeted me warmly.
8
We enjoyed ourselves very much.

新概念第一册
75-76
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Do you have any shoes like these?
像这样的
鞋你们有吗？


这个句子里的

like these
是介词短语作定语，
修
饰

shoes
，意思是
“
像这样的鞋子
”
。


2
．

What size?
什么尺码的？


这是一个省略句，
后面省略了

do you want
。
下
文中的

What
colour?
同样也是省略句。

what
size
英语学习

通常用来询问服装、鞋子、手套等的尺寸，即什么
号码：

What size do you wear?
你穿几码的？


3
．
They
are
very
uncomfortable.
的确很不舒
适。


这个句 子中的
are
用斜体表示强调，应重读。
这里的强调表明了售货员对女士所说的话的反 感
和愤怒。


语法

Grammar in use


一般过去时与时间短语


一般过去时通常与表示确切的过去时间的短语
连用。这些短语一般是

last+
表示时间的名词、一
段时间
+ago
等。

（
1
）

last
week
／
mont h
／
year
／
night
（上星期
／上个月／去年／昨夜 ）：

Did you watch the television last night?
你昨晚
看电视了吗？


（
2
）

two
minutes
／
ho urs
／
days
／
weeks
／
months
／
years
ago
（两分钟／小时／天／周／月／
年前）：

She bought the shoes two months ago.
她两个月
之前买的鞋。


（
3
）
in+
过去某一年：

We
first
met
him
in
1980.
我们

1980
年初次见
到他。


（
4
）
yesterday
（昨天）
, yesterday evening
（昨
天晚上）
,
the
week
before
last
（前一个星期）
,
the
month
before
last
（前一个月）
,
the
year
before
last
（前年）
, the day before yesterday
（前天）
, the night
before last
（前天夜里）
:
She
dusted
the
cupboard
the
day
before
yesterday.
她前天清扫了橱柜。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
wear
v.

（
1
）穿着；戴着；佩带着：

But
women
always
wear
uncomfortable
shoes!
可是女人们总是穿不舒适的鞋子！

Look at the beautiful silk scarf she's wearing!
瞧
她围着的那条漂亮的丝绸围巾！

She never wears perfume.
她从不用香水。

（
2
）面带；呈现；保持：

He's
wearing
a
cheerful
smile.
他面带着快活的
微笑。

He wears his dignity even in great adversity.
他
即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。


2
．
uncomfortable
adj.


38
（
1
）不舒服的：

She feels uncomfortable in tight boots.
她穿着紧
的长统靴感到不舒服。

（
2
）不安的；不自在的：

You'll
have
an
uncomfortable
feeling
if
you
sit
there alone.
如果你独自一人坐在那儿，
你会有种不
安的感觉。

He
often
feels
uncomfortable
with
strangers.
与
陌生人在一起他通常感到不自在。


（
3
）令人不舒服的，不舒适的：

This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable.
这双
鞋看上去很不舒适。

It's
really
an
uncomfortable
day!
这真是令人难
受的一天！


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 76
A
1
She met her friends yesterday.
2
They drank some milk yesterday.
3
He swam in the river yesterday.
4
She took him to school yesterday.
5
He cut himself yesterday(morning).
B
1
When
did
you
walk
across
the
park?
I
walked across the park last week.
2
When
did
you
wash
your
hands?
I
washed my hands a minute ago.
3
When
did
you
work
in
an
office?
I
worked in an office the year before last.
4
When did you ask a question?
I asked
a question five minutes ago.
5
When did you type those letters?
I typed
those letters a month ago.
6
When
did
you
watch
television?
I
watched television every day this week.
7
When did you talk to the shop assistant?
I
talked to the shop assistant last month.
8
When did you thank your father?
I
thanked my father an hour ago.
9
When
did
you
dust
the
cupboard? I
dusted the cupboard three days ago.
10
When
did
you
paint
that
bookcase?
I
painted that bookcase the year before last.
11
When did you want a car like that one? I
wanted a car like that one a year ago.
英语学习

12
When
did
you
greet
her?
I
greeted her a minute ago.

新概念第一册
77-78
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
I want to see the dentist, please.
我想见牙科
医生。

I want to see sb., please
这一句式是表示想见某
人时常用的句式之一。


2
．
have an appointment(with sb.)
，（与某人）
有约会。

I have an appointment with my dentist at 3 p.m.
我已约定下午
3
点去看牙医。


3
．
Is it urgent?
急吗？

这里的
it
指
“
要见牙医
”
这件事。


4
．
Can you come at 10 a. m. on Monday, April
24th?
您在

4
月
24
日星期一上午
10
点钟来可以
吗？

Can
you come at…
?
这一句式通常用来约定见
面时间。注意英语中的时间次序一般是由小到大，
与汉语正好相反。
又如：
on July 2nd, 1988
（在
1988
年
7
月
2
日）
, at seven on June 3rd, 1989
（在

1989
年

6
月

3
日

7
点）
。

a. m. (=
ante

meridiem
)
上午，
有时写成
A.
M.
或
AM
；下午则是
p.
m.
(=
post

meridiem
)
，有时写成

P. M.
或

PM
。


5
．
I must see…
我必须见
……

比

I want to see…
语气上要更强些，表达说话
人某种强烈的愿望或需求。


6
．
at the moment,
正在说话的这会儿，此时。


7
．
Can't you wait till this afternoon?
您就不能
等到今天下午了吗？

这是情态助动词的否定疑问句形式，表示请求。


语法

Grammar in use


否定疑问句


否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难
的口吻或赞叹；
也可表示说话者的某种建议、< br>邀请、
请求或看法等。请看下列疑问句的简略否定式：

(
be
:)
Aren't you a student?
难道你不是学生
吗？

Isn't it hot here?
这里难道不热吗？

(
can
:)
Can't you wait a moment?
你不能等一
会儿吗？

(
have
:)
Haven't I asked you?
难道我没问过你
吗？

(
do
:)
Don't you want to stay with us?
你难道
不愿意与我们呆在一起吗？


39
(
did
:)
Didn't
you
see
him
yesterday?
难道你
昨天没看见他吗？


回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定
的，就用

Yes< br>；如果答语是否定的，就用
No
。不
过，这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。
一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分，它们
的词序是不同的。


完全式：

Is she not a nurse?
她不是一位护士
吗？


简略式：

Isn't
she
a
nurse?
她不是一位护士
吗？


词汇学习

Word study


1
．

urgent
adj.

（
1
）紧迫的；急迫的：

There's
an
urgent
message
for
you.
这里有你的
一个要紧的口信儿。

The
children
in
that
area
are
in
urgent
need
of
medical attention.
那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗
方面的关注。


（
2
）催促的；坚持要求的：

The
cries
and
shouts
became
louder
and
more
urgent.
哭喊声越来越响，更加急迫。


2
．
appointment
n.
约会；约定：

I have made an appointment with Doctor Smith on
next Tuesday.
我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。

When is your lunch appointment?
你与别人共进
午餐的约会定在什么时候？

Once you've made an appointment, you should try
to keep it.
一旦你定好约会的事情，那么你应努力守约。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 78
A
1
She
buys
a
new
car
every
year.
She
bought
a
new car last year.
2
She
airs
the
room
every
day.
She
aired
it
this
morning.
3
He
often
loses
his
pen.
He
lost
his
pen
this
morning.
4
She always listens to the news. She listened to
the news yesterday.
5
She empties this basket every day. She emptied
it yesterday.
B
1
I painted the room in 1996.