碾新概念英语第一册课文详解及英语语法(全)

2021年1月24日发(作者：辛苦你了)
新概念第一册
1-2
课文详解及英语语法


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Excuse me
对不起。


这是常 用于表示道歉的客套话，
相当于汉语中的
“
劳驾
”
、
“对不起
”
。
当我们要引起别人的注意、
要打搅别人或打断别
人的 话时，
通常都可使用这一表达方式。
在课文中，
男士为
了吸引女士的注意而使 用了这句客套话。
它也可用在下列场
合：向陌生人问路，借用他人的电话，从别人身边挤过，在
宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。

2
．
Yes
？什么事？


课文中的

Y es
？应用升调朗读，
意为：
“
什么事？
”
Yes
？
以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，
也含有请对方说下去的
意思。

3
．
Pardon
？对不起，请再说一遍。


当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍
时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是 ：

I beg your pardon.
I beg your pardon?
Pardon me.

它们在汉语中的意思相当于
“
对不起，请再说一遍
”
或者
“
对不起，请再说一遍好吗？
”

4
．
Thank you very much
．非常感谢！


这是一句表示感谢的用语，意为
“
非常感谢（你）
”
。请
看下列类似的表达式，并注意其语气上的差异：

Thank you.
谢谢（你）。

Thanks!
谢谢！

5
．数字
1
～
10
的英文写法

1
—
one
2
—
two
3
—
three
4
—
four
5
—
five
6
—
six
7
—
seven
8
—
eight
9
—
nine
10
—
ten
语法

Grammar in use


一般疑问句


一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可
将带有
be
的陈述句变为一般疑问句。
即将
be
的适当形式移到主语之前，如：


陈述句：
This is your watch.
这是你的手表。


疑问句：
Is this your watch?
这是你的手表吗？


（可参见

Lessons 15
～
16
语法部分有关

be
的一般现在
时形式的说明。）

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
coat
n.
上衣，外套：

Is this your coat?
这是你的
外套吗？

coat and skirt<
英
>
（上衣、裙子匹配的）西式女套装

2
．
dress
n.

（
1
）连衣裙；套裙：

Is this your dress?
这是你的连衣
裙吗？

（

2
）
服装；
衣服：

casual dress
便服；

evening dress
晚
礼服


新概念第一册
3-4
课文详解及英语语法


1
课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
My coat and my umbrella please.
请把我的大衣和伞
拿给我。


这是一个省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子应为：

Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.

口语中，
在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾
语，如：

(Show me your) Ticket, please.
请出示你的票。

(Show me your)Passport, please.
请出示您的护照。

2
．
Here's your umbrella and your coat.
这是您的伞和大
衣。

Here's
是

Here is
的缩略形式。全句原为：
Here is your
umbrella
and
your
coat
．缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书
面 用语和口语中均有，但非缩略形式常用于比较正式的场
合。
Here
's…
是 一种习惯用法，句中采用了倒装句式，即系
动词提到了主语之前。
又如

Here is my ticket
这句话用正常
的语序时为

My ticket is here
。

3
．
Sorry = I'm sorry
。


这是口语 中的缩略形式，
通常在社交场合中用于表示对
他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。

Sorry
和

Excuse me
虽在汉语中都可作
“
对不起
”
讲，
但

sorry
常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉，
而

Excuse me
则多
为表示轻微歉意的客套语。

4
．
Sir
，先生。


这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。
例
如：在服务行业中，服务员对男顾客的称呼通常为

sir
：

What can I do for you, sir?
先生，您要买什么？

Thank you, sir.
谢谢您，先生。

sir
通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中：

Dear sir
亲爱的先生

Dear sirs
亲爱的先生们／诸位先生们

Sir
可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名之前（但不用于
姓氏之前）：

Sir Winston Churchill
温斯顿
·
丘吉尔爵士

Sir William Brown
威廉
·
布朗爵士

5
．数字
11
～
15
的英文写法

11
—
eleven 12
—
twelve 13
—
thirteen
14
—
fourt
een 15
—
fifteen

语法

Grammar in use


否定句


否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反，< br>它表示
“
否定
”
，
并且含
有一个如
not
之类的否定词。一个内含
be
的否定形式的陈
述句，应在其后加

not
，以构成否定句：


肯定句：

This is my umbrella.
这是我的伞。


否定句：

This is not my umbrella.
这不是我的伞。


请再看课文中的这两句话：


针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是

No
，
it's
not
／
it
isn't
。此处省略和非省略形式的关系为：
is not =isn't
；
it is =
it's
。全句应为：

No, it is not my umbrella.
不，它不是我的伞。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
suit
n.
（一套）衣服：

Is this your suit?
这是你的衣服吗？

a man's suit
一套男装；

a woman's suit
一套女装

2
．
please
：
interjection

（表示有礼貌地请求对方）请；烦劳：

My coat and my umbrella please.
请把我的大衣和伞拿
给我。

Please come in.
请进。


新概念第一册
5-6
课文详解及练习答案


新概念第一册
5-6
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Good morning
．早上好。


英语中常见的问候用句。
对此问候的回应一般也是
Good
morning
。
根
据
一
天
中
见
面
时
间
的
不
同
还
可
以
说
Good
afternoon
（下午好）和

Good evening
（ 晚上好）。有时英
美人见面时只简单地说一声
Hello
。

2
．
This is Miss Sophie Dupont
．
这位是索菲娅
·
杜邦小姐。

This is+
姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句式。
课文中
的例子还有：

Sophie, this is Hans.
索菲娅，这位是汉斯。

And this is Naoko.
这位是直子。

3
．
Mr
．

Blake
／
Miss
Sophie Dupont
，布莱克先生／索
菲娅
·
杜邦

小姐。


英语国家中人的姓名通常由
3
部分组成，即：名
+
中间
名
+
姓。


在一般情况下，不用 中间名。在熟悉的人中间，以名相
称，
而在正式的场合中常用

Mr
．
（先生）
，
Mrs
．
（太太）
，
Miss
（小姐）或
Ms
．（女士）这些称呼再加上姓。

Mr
．用于男士的姓之前，不能单独使用，如课文中的

Mr
．
Blake
；而
sir
一般单独使用，是对长者、上司或男顾
客的尊称，如：

Sorry, sir.
对不起，先生。

Miss
一般用于指未婚女子，
不过有时在不知道对方是否
已婚时也可使用。

4
．
Nice to meet you
．很高兴见到你。


用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方的回应一般应
为
Nice to meet you
，
too
（我也很高兴见到你）。


人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用：
How do you do
？相
应的回答也是：
How
do
you
do
？这是一句问候语，并非问
话。

5
．国籍与国家名称有别


请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的

French
，
German
，
Japanese
，
Korean
以及
Ch inese
都是表示
国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为

Chinese
而不是

China
。


语法

Grammar in use

1
．特殊疑问句


以疑问词

who
，
what
，
when
，
which
，
why
，
where
，
whose
，
how
等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句，也叫疑问词疑问句，
有时还被称为

wh-
问句（
wh-question
）。结构一般为：疑问
词+
助动词
+
主语
+
主动词等。作为疑问词的
what< br>可以用来
询问名字、
国籍、
工作、
颜色、
型号等。
例 如以下几个问句：

What make is this car?
这辆小汽车是什么牌子的？

What nationality are you?
你是哪国人？

What is your job?
你的工作是干什么？

What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的？

What size is this skirt?
这条裙子是多大号的？

2
．
a
和

an
Sophie is a new student.
索菲娅是一名新学生。

This is an umbrella.
这是一把雨伞。


这两个句子中出现的
a
／
an
在英语中被称为不定冠词。
a
和
an
在意义上没有区别。用
a
／
an
时，我们必须记住两条
基本原则：


（
1
）
a
／
an
有不确定的意义（即所说的人、动物或东西< br>对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的）。


（
2
）
a
／
an
只能用于单数可数名词之前。


此外还需注意a
和
an
的发音：
a
（在平时讲话中发／
+
／ 音）用于辅音（不是辅音字母）之前；
an
（／
+(
／）用于
元音（ 不仅仅是以元音字母
a
，
e
，
i
，
o
，< br>u
开头的词）之前。
当我们把
a
或
an
用来说明字母 表中的字母时，便会一目了
然：

This
is
a
B
／
C
／
D
／
G
／
J
／
K
／
P
／
Q
／
R
／
T
／
U
／
V
／
W
／
Y
／
Z
．


这是一个

B
／
C
／
D
／G
／
J
／
K
／
P
／
Q
／R
／
T
／
U
／
V
／
W
／Y
／
Z
字母。

This is an A
／
E
／
F
／
H
／
I
／
L
／
M
／
N
／
O
／
S
／
X
．


这是一个
A
／
E
／
F
／
H
／
I
／
L
／
M
／
N
／
O
／
S
／
X
字母。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
make
n.
（产品的）牌子；类型，型号；式样：

What make is your watch?
你的手表是什么牌子的？

Her dress is of Italian make.
她的连衣裙是意大利式的。

2
．
English
adj.
英国（人）的；英格兰（人）的；英
国化的：


2
Is it an American car or an English car?
它是美国车还是
英国车？

John is very English.
约翰生活行事非常英国化。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 6
A
Alice is a student. She isn't German. She is French.
This is her car. It is a French car.
Hans is a student. He isn't French.
He is German. This is his car. It is a German car.
B
1
Is
she
a
German
student
or
a
Japanese
student?
She
isn't a German student. She's a Japanese student.
2
Is
this
a
German
car
or
a
French
car?
It
isn't
a
German car. It's a French car.
3
Is he
an
Italian
student
or
a German
student?
He
isn't an Italian student. He's a German student.
4
Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student?
She
isn't an Italian student. She is a Chinese student.
5
Is this an American car or an English car?
It isn't an
American car. It's an English car.
6
Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student?
He isn't a
Japanese student. He's a Korean student.
7
Is this
an
English
car
or
an
Italian
car?
It
isn't
an
English car. It's an Italian car.
8
Is he an English student or a Chinese student?
He
isn't an English student. He's a Chinese student.
9
Is
this
a
French
car
or
a
German
car?
It
isn't
a
French car. It's a German car.
10
Is
this
a
Chinese
car
or
a
Japanese
car? It
isn't
a
Chinese car. It's a Japanese car.
11
Is this an English car or an American car?
It isn't an
English car. It's an American car.
12
Is
this
a
Japanese
car
or
a
Korean
car?
It
isn't
a
Japanese car. It's a Korean car.

新概念第一册
7-8
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
My name's = My name is
。


这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型：
My name is…
（后面
加上自己的姓名）。有时也可用
I'm…
这一句型。

2
．
Are you French
，
too
？你也是法国人吗？


在英语中，
too
和
either
两个词都表示
“
也
”
的意思，然
而
too
仅用于肯定句中，
either
则限于用在 否定句中。
too
和
either
一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗号隔开。 例如：

Is Sophie Italian, too?
索菲娅也是意大利人吗？


3
Is Robert
a
keyboard
operator,
too?
罗伯特也是电脑录
入员吗？

3
．
What nationality are you
？你是哪国人？


此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问

Where are you
from
？或

Where do you come from
？

4
．
What's your job
？你是做什么工作的？

What's =What is
。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说：
What do you do
？

5
．
I'm an engineer
．我是工程师。

I'm
／
aim
／
=I
am
。口语中经常使用这种缩略形 式。英
语不定冠词有两个：
a
，
an
。在发音以元音音素开头的词前
面用
an
，在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用
a
。
engi neer
／
?enDNi'ni+
／的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以前面要用
an
。（可参见
Lessons 5
～
6
中的有关说明。）

6
．数字
16
～
20
的英文写法

16
—
sixteen 17
—
seventeen 18
—
eighteen
19
—
nineteen 20
—
twenty

语法

Grammar in use


以疑问词
what
所引导的特殊疑问句


（可参见

Lessons
5
～
6
中 的有关说明。）
What…
？这
一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等：

What nationality are you?
你是哪国人？

What's your job?
你是干什么的？


对于以上两个问句可如下回答：

I'm Swedish.
我是瑞典人。

I'm an air hostess.
我是一名空中小姐。


现在不妨改用第
3
人称单数来进行类似的问答：


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
job
n.

（
1
）职业：

What's your job?
你是做什么工作的？


（
2
）
（一件）工作，活计：

The whole job takes about
40 minutes.
整个工作大约需要四十分钟。


（
3
）职责：

It's your job to be on time.
准时是你应该
做到的事。

2
．
nurse

（
1
）
n
．护士；照料者：

Is
she
a
nurse
or
a
housewife?
她是护士还是家庭主
妇？


（
2
）
v
．照料；照看：

All her time goes into nursing her child.
她把全部时间
都花于照看自己的孩子上了。


（
3
）
v
．养护；培养：

nurse a young tree
养护树苗

nurse an author of promise
培养有前途的作家


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 8
A
1
My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.
2
Sophie is not Italian. She is French.
3
Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.
B
1
What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.
2
What's her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.
3
What's his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.
4
What's her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.
5
What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.
6
What's her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.
7
What's his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.
8
What's his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.
9
What's her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.
10
What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.
新概念第一册
9-10
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
How are you today
？你今天好吗？


这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情况的寒暄
话，一般回答语为：

Fine, thank you.
很好，谢谢。

I'm fine, thank you.
很好，谢谢。

I'm very well, thank you.
很好，谢谢。


如问及对方的先生或太太的情况，可以说

How
is
Tony
？或
How's Emma
？等。


相应的回答可为

He's fine
，
thanks
或

She's very well
，
thankyou
等。

2
．
And you
？你好吗？


是
And how are you
？的简略说法。
在回答对方问候健康
的话之后反问时用。

3
．数字
21
与
22
的英文写法

21
—
twenty-one 22
—
twenty-two
语法

Grammar in use

1
．
How…
？的一些社交上的用法


how
是一个表示
“
如何
”
的疑问词，
可以用来引导一些
用于社交场合的套话：

（
1
）用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况：


How are you?
你好吗？


How is Helen today?
海伦今天好吗？


How have you been?
你一向可好？

（
2
）
How do you do
？
（你好吗？）
是正式介绍中的一句
套话，从不用来询问健康：


（
3
）
how
经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里，
如：
How's
life?
生活如何？

How
are
things?
情况怎样？

How's
work?
工作怎么样？

2
．形容词的意义与作用


4
（
1
）形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形容词
说明人、
物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。
例如，
形容词
可以表示质量、大小、新旧 、温度、外形、颜色、产地。


（
2
）
许多形容词可用以回答

What…like
？这样的问题，
并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。


（
3
）英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，如：

a young nurse
一位年轻的护士
;
an old mechanic
一位
老机械师

a
lazy
housewife
一个懒惰的家庭主妇
;
a
thin
woman
一个瘦瘦的女人


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
look v.
（
1
）看，瞧，观，望：

Look at that man. Is he thin?
瞧那个男人。他瘦吗？

Look carefully before you cross the street.
过马路前要仔
细看清来往车辆。

（
2
）面向，朝向：


The room looks on the sea.
房间面向大海。


Two windows look to the south.
两扇窗子朝南。


2
．
fine adj.
（
1
）健康的；舒适的：

How is Steven today?
史蒂文今
天怎么样？

（
2
）
极好的，
优秀的：

a fine view
美好的景色

a fine
teacher
一位优秀教师

（

3
）
优雅的，
雅致的：

He is a man with fine manners.
他
是一个举止优雅的男人。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 10
A
1 Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's a teacher.
2 This isn't my umbrella. It's your umbrella.
3 Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a keyboard operator.
4 Steven isn't cold. He's hot.
5 Naoko isn't Chinese. She's Japanese.
6 This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish car.
B
1 Look at that man. He's very fat.
2 Look at that woman. She's very thin.
3 Look at that policeman. He's very tall.
4 Look at that policewoman. She's very short.
5 Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty.
6 Look at that nurse. She's very clean.
7 Look at Steven. He's very hot.
8 Look at Emma. She's very cold.
9 Look at that milkman. He's very old.
10 Look at that air hostess. She's very young.
11 Look at that hairdresser. He's very busy.
12 Look at that housewife. She's very lazy.

新概念第一册
11-12
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Whose shirt is that
？那是谁的衬衫？


这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。

2
．
Yes
，
sir
？什么事，先生？

请参见

Lessons 1
～
2
课文详注以及

Lessons 3
～
4
课文详注。

3
．
Here you are
．给你。


是给对方东西 时的习惯用语。
递给对方东西或对方在找
某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，
往往用这种 表达方式。
也
可以说：
Here it is
（指单数的物）或

Here they are
（指复数
的物）。句中的
are
和is
一般应重读。

4
．非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系：

it is not = it
isn't = it's not
。

5
．数字
30
的英文写法：

30
—
thirty
语法

Grammar in use

1
．以疑问词

whose
引导的特殊疑问句

（
1
）用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望
得到的回答是某人的名字加< br>-'s
形式（如

Tim's
蒂姆的），
或者是一个所有格代词（如

mine
我的）。


（
2
）这时

whose
也可在句子中作表语，如：

（
3
）当所有关 系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时，
whose
后面的名词可以省略：

2
．所有格形容词和所有格代词

（
1
）所有格形容词与所 有格代词都表示所有，即某人
或某物属于某一个人，
回答以
whose
引导的 问句。
所有格形
容词
my
，
your
等是限定词，必须始终 放在名词之前，只能
作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者，而不是被拥有的东西。
所有格代词mine
，
yours
等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时
要加重语气。< br>它们指人或物，
单数或复数都一样。
请见下表：

This is my car.
这是我的汽车。（定语）

That is her coat.
这是她的上衣。（定语）

Your car is red
，
mine is blue.
你的车是红色的，
我的是
蓝色的。（主语）

This book is his
，
not yours.
这本书是他的，不是你的。
（表语）

I have my way, and she has hers.
我有我的处事方式，
她
有她的。（宾语）


（
2
）
名词所有格是在词尾加
-'s
构成的，
不仅可作定语，
还 可作表语：

Is this Dave's shirt?
这是戴夫的衬衫吗？（作定语）

Whose is that shirt? Is it your daughter's?
那条裙子是谁
的？是你女儿的吗？（作表语）


练习答案

Key to written exercises


5

Lesson 12
A
1 Stella is here. That is her car.
2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?
3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.
4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.
B
1 Whose is this handbag? It's Stella 's. It's her handbag.
2 Whose is this car? It's Paul's. It's his car.
3 Whose is this coat? It's Sophie 's. It's her coat.
4 Whose is this umbrella? It's Steven's. It's his umbrella.
5 Whose is this pen? It's my daughter's. It's her pen.
6 Whose is this dress? It's my son's. It's his dress.
7 Whose is this suit? It's my father's. It's his suit.
8 Whose is this skirt? It's my mother's. It's her skirt.
9 Whose is this blouse? It's my sister's. It's her blouse.
10 Whose is this tie? It's my brother's. It's his tie.
11 Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's her pen.
12 Whose is this pencil? It's Hans'. It's his pencil.

词汇学习

Word study
1
．
perhaps adv.
或许，
大概，
可能：

Perhaps it is, sir.
也
许是，先生。

Perhaps it will rain.
也许要下雨了。

Perhaps
it's
Sophie's
handbag.
也许这是索菲娅的手提
包。

2
．
catch v.
（
1
）接住，拦住：

Catch!
接着！


（
2
）逮住，捕捉：

catch a thief
捉住一个贼

（
3
）染上（疾病）：
catch a cold
伤风

I have caught
a bad cold.
我得了重感冒。

新概念第一册
13-14
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
It's the same colour
．一样的颜色。

same
通常与定冠词
the连用，
表示
“
同一的
”
、
“
相同的
”
：

two boys of the same age
两个同龄的男孩子

We live in the same city.
我们住在同一个城市里。

2
．
That is a lovely hat
！真是一顶可爱的帽子！

句末用的是赞叹号，
表现出较强的感情色彩。
句中的

is
用斜体，是为了强调，应重读。

3
．数字

40
，
50
，
60
，
70
，
80
，
90
，
100
，
101
的英文
写法：

40
—
forty
50
—
fifty
60
—
sixty
70
—
seventy
80
—
ei
ghty
90
—
ninety
100
—
a hundred 101
—
a hundred and one

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
what colour
（
s
）
引导的非凡疑问句

（可参见

Lessons
5
～
6
语法中有关非凡疑问句的说明。）


以
疑
问
词

what
引
导
的

What
colour…
？
和

What
colours…
？


类型的非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如：

What
colour
is
Anna's
hat?
安娜的帽子是什么颜色
的？

What colour's Helen's dog?
海伦的豿是什么颜色的？

What colour's your shirt?
你的衬衣是什么颜色的？

What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的？

2
．祈使句


（
1
）祈使句的主语通常不直接表示出来， 其谓语动词
用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如：


Follow me.
跟我来。


Shut the door, please.
请关门。


Look out!
当心！


Keep off the grass!
请勿践踏草地！


Help yourself.
请自己动手。


（
2
）某些祈使动词可以后跟
and
和另一个祈使动词，
而不是后跟人们预料的带
to
的动词不定式结构：

Come
and
see
this
goldfish.
来看这条金鱼。（不用

Come to see
）

Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.
去给自己买双
新鞋吧。（不用

Go to buy
）

Wait and see.
等着瞧吧。（不用

Wait to see
）


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
nice adj.
（
1
）美好的，好看的：

It's a nice day today, isn't it?
今天天气真好，不是吗？

That's a nice dress.
那件连衣裙真好看。


（
2
）和蔼的，友好的：

He is very nice to his neighbours.
他对邻居很友善。

（
3
）使人兴奋的，令人愉快的：

It is so nice to have you here.
你能在这儿真是太好了。

Have a nice time!
祝你玩得愉快点！

2
．
smart adj.
（
1
）漂亮的，时髦的，巧妙的：

Anna's hat is smart.
安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。

You look smart in that new dress.
你穿那件新连衣裙看
上去时髦而潇洒。


（
2
）聪明的，伶俐的，精明的：

She is a smart student.
她是一名聪颖的学生。

He is a smart businessman.
他是一位精明的商人。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 14
A
1 This is Paul's car.
2 This is Sophie's coat.

6

3 This is Helen's dog.
4 This is my father's suit.
5 This is my daughter's dress.
B
1 What colour's Steven's car? His car's blue.
2 What colour's Tim's shirt? His shirt's white.
3 What colour's Sophie s coat? Her coat's grey.
4 What colour's Mrs. White's carpet? Her carpet's red.
5 What colour's Dave's tie? His tie's orange.
6 What colour's Steven's hat? His hat is grey and black.
7 What colour's Helen's dog? Her dog's brown and white.
8 What colour's Hans' pen? His pen's green.
9 What colour's Luming's suit? His suit's grey.
10 What colour's Stella's pencil? Her pencil's blue.
11
What
colour's
Xiaohui's
handbag?
Her
handbag's
brown.
12 What colour's Sophie 's skirt? Her skirt's yellow.
新概念第一册
15-16
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Your passports
，
please
．请出示你们的护照。

请参
见

Lessons 3
～
4
课文详注。

2
．
Here they are
．给您。

本句中的

they
指

passports
。
请参见

Lessons 11
～
12
课
文详注。

3
．名词的复数形式

英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，
指一 个以上的
事物时用复数形式。
可数名词的复数形式一般是在单数名词
后
面加
上
-s
，
如
课
文
中
的
fr iend
—
friends
／
frendz
／
，
t ourist
—
tourists
／
'tu+rists
／，
case
—
cases
／
'keisiz
／。
请注重-s
的不同发音。
假如名词是以
-s
结尾的，
变成复数时则要加
-es
，如
dress
—
dresses
／
'dr esiz
／，
blouse
—
blouses
／
'blau ziz
／。


语法

Grammar in use

1
．表示复数的
-s
或
-es
一般遵循的发音规则

（

1
）
假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音
（如

／
f
／，

／
k
／，

／
p
／，／
t
／，／
I
／；但／
s
／，／
M
／，／
tM
／除
外），
-s
发

／s
／的音，如：
books
／
buks
／

suits
／
su:ts
／


（
2）
假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音
（如／
b
／，
／
d
／，／
g
／，／
l
／，／
m
／，／
n／，／
R
／；但／
z
／，／
N
／，／
DN／除外）或元音，
-s
发

／
z
／的音，如：
ties
／
taiz
／

dogs
／
dogz
／


（
3
）假如名词词尾的 发音是／
s
／，／
z
／，／
M
／，
／
N< br>／，／
tM
／或／
DN
／，
-s
发／
iz< br>／的音，如：
dresses
／
'dresz
／

blouses
／
'bluziz
／


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
blue adj.
（
1
）蓝色的，蔚蓝的：


The sea is deep blue.
大海呈深蓝色。


He wears a blue tie.
他打一条蓝色的领带。


（
2
）沮丧的，忧郁的：


He looks a bit blue.
他看上去有点儿忧郁。


His mood is blue.
他的情绪低落。

2
．
grey adj.
（
1
）灰色的，偏灰的：


His hat is grey.
他的帽子是灰色的。


（
2
）头发灰白的：


Her hair is grey.
她的头发灰白。


（
3
）面色苍白的：


Tony looks grey and tired.
托尼面色苍白，显得疲
惫。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 16
A
1 It is an English car.
2 It is a Japanese car.
3 It is an Italian car.
4 It is a French car.
5 It is an American car.
6 Robert is not a teacher.
B
1 What colour are your shirts? Our shirts are white.
2 What colour are your coats? Our coats are grey.
3 What colour are your tickets? Our tickets are yellow.
4 What colour are your suits? Our suits are blue.
5 What colour are your hats? Our hats are black and grey.
6
What
colour
are
your
passports?
Our
passports
are
green.
7
What
colour
are
your
umbrellas?
Our
umbrellas
are
black.
8
What
colour
are
your
handbags?
Our
handbags
are
white.
9 What colour are your ties? Our ties are orange.
10
What
colour
are
your
dogs?
Our
dogs
are
brown
and
white.
11 What colour are your pens? Our pens are blue.
12 What colour are your cars? Our cars are red.

新概念第一册
17-18
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
How do you do
？您好。

这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。
一般用同样的话
往返答。请参见

Lessons 5
～
6
课文详注。

2
．
Come
and
meet
our
employees…
来见见我们的雇
员
……

这里的
and
表示目的。
请参见

Lessons 13
～
14
中语法部
分的解释。

3
．
This is Nicola Grey
，
and this is Claire Taylor
．
这位是
尼古拉
·
格雷，这位是克莱尔
·
泰勒。

这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见

Lessons
5
～
6
课文详注。

4
．名词的复数形式（
2
）

假如名词单数词尾为
-f或
-fe
（读作／
f
／），则其复数
一律变为
-ves
（读作／
vz
／）
，
即将
-f
或
-fe< br>变成
-v
，
再加
-es
而成，如

housewife----housewives
。

英语中有一些名词的 复数形式是不规则的，如
man
与
woman
其复数形式分别为
me n
与
women
。
此外还可用
man
，
woman
等来区别阳性与阴性：以
-man
结尾的一些复合名词
指男性，如
m ilkman---- milkmen
，
policeman ---- policeme n
；
一
些
以
-woman
结
尾
的
名
词
指
女
性
，
如
postwoman----
postwomen
，
policewoman ---- policewomen
。

5
．数字
200
，
1
，
000
，
1
，
001
的英文写法

200
----
two
hundred
1
，
000
----
a
（
或

one
）

thousand
1
，
001 ---- a thousand and one

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
who
引导的非凡疑问句


Who
is…
？或

Who
are…
？这类以疑问词

who
引导的
疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。
Who…
？仅指 人，
可
以用来询问男性、女性、单数或复数的人。如：


注重这种句型与

What
is…
？或

What
are…
？这类句
型的区别：
What…
？句型 主要用来询问人的类别或职业，
如：


请参见

Lessons
5
～
6
与

Lessons
7
～
8
语法部分的解
释。

2
．所有格形容词与人称代词

（请参见
Lessons
11
～
12
语法部分。）


所有格形容词
their
意为
“
他们的
”
，其对 应的人称代词
是
they
。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格形容词形式：


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 18
A
1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.
2 Those girls are busy. They are keyboard operators.
3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.
4 Look at our office assistant. He is very hard-working.
5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.

7
6
Michael
Baker
and
Jeremy
Short
are
employees.
They
are sales reps.
B
1
Are
they
keyboard
operators
or
air
hostesses?
They
aren't keyboard operators. They're air hostesses.
2 Are they postmen or policemen?
They aren't postmen.
They're policemen.
3
Are
they
policewomen
or
nurses?
They
aren't
policewomen. They're nurses.
4 Are they customs officers or hairdressers?
They aren't
customs officers. They're hairdressers.
5
Are
they
hairdressers
or
teachers?
They
aren't
hairdressers. They're teachers.
6
Are
they
engineers
or
taxi
drivers?
They
aren't
engineers. They're taxi drivers.
7
Are
they
policewomen
or
keyboard
operators?
They
aren't policewomen. They're keyboard operators.
8
Are
they
milkmen
or
engineers?
They
aren't
milkmen. They're engineers.
9
Are
they
policemen
or
milkmen?
They
aren't
policemen. They're milkmen.
10 Are they nurses or housewives?
They
aren't nurses.
They're housewives.
词汇学习

Word study
1
．
custom n.
风俗；习惯；

When
visiting
a
foreign
country,
we
might
find
the
country's customs strange to us.
当我们去外国访问时，
我们也许会发现该国的某些风俗
习惯有些希奇。

It is his custom to go for a walk in the evenings.
他惯常
在晚上出去散步。

2
．
customs, Customs n.
[
复
]
海关；征收关税的程序：

The spy was stopped at the Customs and questioned.
那
个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。

How long will it usually take to pass the Customs?
通过
海关检查通常要花费多少时间？


新概念第一册
19-20
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
What's the matter
？怎么啦？

相当于

What's wrong
？或

Tell me what's wrong
。
这个句
型通常用来询问发生了什么事。
假如要非 凡提及某人，
可以
在后面加上介词
with
，如：

What's the matter with you?
你怎么啦？

What's the matter with Claire?
克莱尔怎么啦？

2
．
Mum
，儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。与此相似，
dad

8
是对父亲的儿语称呼。

3
．
There's = There is
。它表示
“
有
”
、
“
存在
”
，为

there +
be
结构的一般现在时缩略形式。

4
．
Two ice creams please
．请拿两份冰淇淋。

相当于

Give us two ice creams
，
please
。
请参见

Lessons
3
～
4
课文注释。
ice
cream
是物质名词。物质名词前加不定
冠词

a
或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一类、一阵等。

语法

Grammar in use

1
．
there +be
结构（
1
）

在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用
there
+be
结
构。
说
There's an ice cream man
比说
An ice cream man is there
更合乎习惯，
也更为自然。
there +be
结构可将重要的新 信息
置于句末，以示强调。此结构中的实际主语是
be
后面的名
词。因此，假 如该名词是单数就用
is
，如是复数则为
are
。

2
．人称代词与
be
英文中系动词
be
（是）
必 须根据不同的人称代词作相应
的变化。请参见
Lessons15
～
16语法部分中有关
be
的一般
现在时形式的内容，包括某些缩略形式，如：
they
are
not
=they aren't =they're not
，
we are not = we aren't =we're not
。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
thirsty adj.
（
1
）渴的，口干的：

We're
tired
and
thirsty.
我们又累
又渴。

（
2
）
（土地等）干旱的：

a dry and thirsty land
干旱的
土地


（
3
）
渴望的，
渴求的
（
for
，
after
）
：
The students there are
thirsty for knowledge.
那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。

2
．
matter n.
（
1
）事情，事件：

It's a private matter.
这是件私事。

He's
not
very
interested
in
financial
matters.
他对财政方
面的事情并不太感爱好。


（
2
）麻烦事，困难：

What's the matter, Anna?
怎么了，安娜？

What's the matter with Steven?
史蒂文是怎么回事？


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired, too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1
Are
the
children
tired
or
thirsty?
They're
not
tired.
They're thirsty.
2
Are
the
postmen
cold
or
hot?
They're
not
cold.
They're hot.
3
Are
the
hairdressers
thin
or
fat?
They're
not
thin.
They're fat.
4
Are
the
shoes
small
or
big?
They're
not
small.
They're big.
5
Are
the
shops
shut
or
open?
They're
not
shut.
They're open.
6
Are
his
cases
heavy
or
light?
They're
not
heavy.
They're light.
7
Are
grandmother
and
grandfather
young
or
old?
They're not young. They're old.
8
Are
their
hats
old
or
new?
They're
not
old.
They're new.
9
Are
the
policemen
short
or
tall?
They're
not
short.
They're tall.
10
Are
his
trousers
short
or
long?
They're
not
short.
They're long.

新概念第一册
21-22
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Give me a book please, Jane.
请拿本书给我，简。

这是一个祈使句。祈使句表示请求或命令。（请参见
Lessons 13
～
14
语法部分的说明。）表示客气的请求时，通
常加
please
。

2
．
Which book?
哪一本？


是
Which book do you want?
的省略形式。下文中的
This
one?
是
Do you want this one?
的省略形式。
No, not that one
是
No, I do not want that one
的省略形式。
口语中常用这样的
省略句。

3
．
This one?
是这本吗？


相当于：
Do you want this one? one
是不定代词，代替

a
book
，以避免重复。
o ne
的复数形式是
ones
。
one
和
ones
前
面都可用定冠词，也可有自己的定语。

4
．数字
1
，< br>010
，
1
，
011
，
1
，
016
的英文写法

1
，
010----a
thousand
and
ten;
1
，
011----a
thousand
and
eleven;
1
，
016----a thousand and sixteen

语法

Grammar in use
1
．人称代词


代词，顾名思义，就是用来代替名词或名词短语的词，
在已经知道所指的是谁或什么 的情况下使用，以免行文重
复。
人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
在陈述句中，
主 格代词差
不多总是位于动词之前。
宾格代词可代替处于宾语位置上的
名词，它们可以作 直接宾语和间接宾语。

Give
me/him/her/us/them
a
book.
给我
/
他
/
她
/我们
/
他
（她）们一本书。（宾格代词）

2
．
which
引导的非凡疑问句（请参见
Lessons 5
～
6
中语
法部分的说明。）


用
which +
名词可询问物体
（单数或复数）
或物质。
which
总是说明一种限定的、特指的选择。如：

Which
book/books
do
you
prefer?
你喜欢哪本／哪些
书？

Which car do you like best?
你最喜欢哪种汽车？


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
large
与
big

（
1
）
large
仅指物理量值的大，是
sma ll
的反义词。

large
主要指体积、面积、外形、数量方面的大，修饰
人时指个子大。如：

China is a large country.
中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。

Look
at
that
large
woman
in
white.
瞧那个身穿白色衣
服、个子高大的女人。


（
2
）
big
所表示的大，主要指不仅体积大而且很重。所
以
a large b ox
未必
big
。
big
在修饰人时，
主要指大人物，但
个子未必高大。如：

It is a big house.
这是一所大房子。（此句指不仅体积
大，而且给人深刻的或坚固的印象。）

She's
very
big
in
the
filmdom.
她在电影界中是个响当
当的人物。（此句指不仅成功，且具有很大的影响力。）

2
．
small
与
little

（
1
）
small
指物理量值的小或少，是
large
的反义词，不< br>带什么感情色彩。如：

It is a small factory.
这是一个小新概念。

I want the small one with the yellow handle.
我想要带新
概念把手的那个小的。


（
2
）
little
也表示小或少，但有小而可爱的感情 色彩，
是
big
的反义词。如：

There is a little garden behind our house.
我们的屋后有
个小花园。（此句表示花园虽小，但很可爱。）

She
has
the
sweetest
little
smiles.
她的微笑十分甜蜜可
爱。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 22
A
1 Is this Nicola's coat? No, it's not. Her coat is grey.
2 Are these your pens? No, they're not. My pens are blue.
3 Is this Mr. Jackson's hat? No, it's not. His hat is black.
4
Are
these
the
children's
books?
No,
they're
not.
Their
books are red.
5
Is
this
Helen's
dog?
No,
it's
not.
Her
dog
is
brown
and
white.

9
6 Is this your father's tie? No, it's not. His tie is orange.
B
1 Give me a cup please.
Which one? This dirty one?
No, not this dirty one. That clean one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
2 Give me a glass please.
Which one? This empty one?
No, not this empty one. That full one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
3 Give me a bottle please.
Which one? This large one?
No, not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
4 Give me a box please.
Which one? This big one?
No, not this big one. That little one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
5 Give me a tin please.
Which one? This new one?
No, not this new one. That old one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
6 Give me a knife please.
Which one? This sharp one?
No, not this sharp one. That blunt one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
7 Give me a spoon please.
Which one? This new one?
No, not this new one. That old one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
8 Give me a fork please.
Which one? This large one?
No, not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.

新概念第一册
23-24
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．动词的双宾语



在
Give me some glasses
中，
动词
give
后面有两个宾语，
即直 接宾语
some
glasses
和间接宾语
me
。人称代词作宾语
时要用人称代词的宾格。请参见
Lessons 21
～
22
语法部分。

2
．
The ones on the shelf.
是架子上的那几只。


本句是省略句，句首省略了
I
want
。句中的
ones
代表
glasses
。
on the shelf
是介词短语，作定语，修饰
ones
。

3
．
These?
这几只？


是
Do you want these?
的省略形式。

4
．
Yes, please.
是的，请拿给我。


当别人问你要不要某物而你同意要时， 就可用这句话。
假如你不同意要，则应说：
No, thank you.
不，谢谢。

5
．数字
1
，
117
，< br>1
，
420
，
1
，
925
，
2，
000
的英文写法

1
，
117----one thousand one hundred and seventeen;
1
，
420----one thousand four hundred and twenty
1
，
925----one thousand nine hundred and twenty-five;
2
，
000---- two thousand

语法

Grammar in use
on
引导的介词短语


（
1
）我们经常在名词 、名词短语、代词或动名词前面
用介词表示人物、
事件等与其他人物、
事件等之间的各 种关
系，如空间关系、时间关系、因果关系等。介词始终带有宾
语。
即使介词与宾语分 开时，
这种关系仍必定存在。
有许多
固定的介词短语常可见到。
许多介词短语 是由介词
+
名词
（
+
介词）
构成的，
如：
on time
（准时）
，
in the middle of
（
在
……
中间）。


（
2
）当我们从不同的角度看空间中的位置时，应根据
我们想要表达的意思来选择介词。
想表示在一 个表面
（即看
来是平面）上面时，就可用介词
on
：

the
pens
on
the
desk
桌上的钢笔

the
boxes
on
the
floor
地板上的盒子

the
bottles
on
the
dressing
table
梳妆台上的瓶子

the
magazines on the bed
床上的杂志


词汇学习

Word study

desk
与
table

在汉语中，这 两个词都被称为
“
桌子
”
，
而在英语中，
它
们仍是 有所区别的。


（
1
）
desk
通常指有抽屉的 桌子，用于办公、读书、写
字等，即
“
书桌
”
、
“
写字台
”
、
“
办公桌
”
：

He is working at his desk.
他正在自己的书桌前用功。

I put it on his desk.
我把它放在他的办公桌上了。

（
2
）
table
通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板，
没有抽屉，
即
“
餐桌
”
、
“
会议桌
”
、“
工作台
”
、
“
手术台
”
等：

I've
booked
a
table
for
two
at
7.00.
我预订了一张两人
桌，是在
7
点钟。

They sat round the table and made this big decision.
他
们围坐在会议桌旁，作出了这个重大的决定。

10

练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 24
A
1 Give Jane this watch. Give her this one, too.
2 Give the children these ice creams. Give them these, too.
3 Give Tom this book. Give him this one, too.
4 That is my passport. Give me my passport please.
5 That is my coat. Give me my coat please.
6 Those are our umbrellas. Give us our umbrellas please.
B
1 Give me some pens please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the desk.
2 Give me some ties please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the chair.
3 Give me some spoons please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the table.
4 Give me some plates please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the cupboard.
5 Give me some cigarettes please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the television.
6 Give me some boxes please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the floor.
7 Give me some bottles please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the dressing table.
8 Give me some books please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the shelf.
9 Give me some magazines please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the bed.
10 Give me some newspapers please.

Which ones? These?

No, not those. The ones on the stereo.

新概念第一册
25-26
课文详解及练习答案



1
．冠词


课文中
refrigerator
一词出现了两次，它前面分别用了
两种不同的冠词：
a
（不定冠词）和
the
（定冠词）。第
1
次
提到时用不定冠词
a
。（请参 见
Lessons5
～
6
语法部分。）

11
第
2
次时就不再是泛指任何一个，而是特指所指的那个了，
因此要用定冠词
th e
。（请参见本课语法部分的说明。）

2
．数字
3
，< br>000
，
5
，
000
，
10
，
00 0
的英文写法

3
，
000----three thousand;
5
，
000----five thousand;
10
，
000----ten thousand

语法

Grammar in use
1
．定冠词
the

（
1
）定冠词
the
不论指人还是指物、单数还是复数，
其形式都不 变。


（
2
）
the
的发音：
the< br>在辅音前读
/J+/
，如：
the floor, the
table, the bed, the desk; the
在元音（即一般前面用
an
的词的
首字母）之前发
/J!:;;;;:/,
如
the engineer, the ice cream, the old
man, the open window
。
当我们想使听话者非凡注重
the
后面
的名词时，< br>the
就读为
/J!:/
，
意思是
“
这一个而且只是 这一个
”
或
“
主要是这一个
”
。


（
3
）
the
的基本用法：

A the
通常有明确的所指（即以说话人或听话人已知的
人或物为前提）；

B
the
可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词及不可数名词
（总是单数形式）连用。< br>
2
．
where
引导的非凡疑问句

wher e
用来询问地点（或是确切的情况，或是一般的情
况）
。
对
wher e
疑问句的回答可以是整句、
短语或单个的词。
如：

Where
is
the
refrigerator?
冰箱在哪里？

On
the
right./It's on the right.
在右边。

词汇学习

Word study
1
．
cup n.
（
1
）杯子（一般带柄，用于盛热饮料，如茶或咖啡）：

I have a beautiful set of tea cups.
我有一套漂亮的茶杯。

I'd like a cup of tea.
我想喝一杯茶。


（
2
）一杯饮料；一杯咖啡：

Would you like another cup?
你要再来一杯吗？

You can get a good cup at Lucy' s Café
.
你能在露西咖
啡馆喝到一杯上好的咖啡。

2
．
glass n.
（
1
）玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯：

Give me a glass of water, please.
请给我一杯水。

There's a clean wine glass on the table.
桌上有一只干净
的酒杯。


（
2
）杯中物；酒：

He
has
had
a
glass
too
much.
他多喝了一杯（或喝醉
了）。

I'd like to enjoy a glass now and then.
我喜欢不时喝点
酒。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 26
A
1 Give me a glass. Which glass? The empty one.
2 Give me some cups. Which cups? The cups on the table.
3
Is
there
a
book
on
the
table?
Yes,
there
is.
Is
the
book
red?
4
Is
there
a
knife
in
that
box?
Yes,
there
is.
Is
the
knife
sharp?
B
1 There's a cup on the table.
The cup is clean.
2 There's a box on the floor.
The box is large.
3 There's a a glass in the cupboard.
The glass is empty.
4 There's a knife on the plate.
The knife is sharp.
5 There's a fork on the tin.
The fork is dirty.
6 There's a bottle in the refrigerator.
The bottle is full.
7 There's a pencil on the desk.
The pencil is blunt.

新概念第一册
27-28
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
Where are they?
它们在哪里？


句中
they
指图中的那些东西。
（可参见
Lessons 25
～
26
语法部分。）

2
．数字
9
，
999
与
10
，
001
的英文写法

9
，
999----nine

语法

Grammar in use
1
．
there
＋
be
结构（
2
）


（
1
）
there
＋
be
结构变成疑问 句时，只需将动词
be
和
there
互换位置，句子其余部分不变。如：
Is there a dirty
fork on the plate?
碟子上有一个脏的叉
子吗？

Is
there
a
full
bottle
in
the
cupboard?
橱柜里有一瓶酒
吗？

Are there any ties on the floor?
地上有一些领带吗？

Are there any newspapers on the shelf?
架子上有些报纸
吗？


（
2
）
there
＋
be
结构变成否定 句时，需在动词
be
后加
not
（
any
）或
no
。如：

No, there is not a fork on the plate.
没有，
碟子上没有叉
子。

No, there isn't one in the cupboard.
没有，
橱柜里一个也
没有。

No, there aren't any ties on the floor.
没有，
地板上没有
任何领带。

No, there are no newspapers on the shelf.
没有，架子上
没有任何报纸。


12
thousand
nine
hundred
and
ninety-nine;
10
，
001----ten thousand and one
2
．
some
和
any
的用法


在英语 中，
some
和
any
是两个最常用的数量词。
用
some
和
any
时，一般不必精确地说明数量到底有多么大或多么
小。它们的作用经 常像是
a/an
的复数。

（
1
）
some
（表示确定的数量）表示
“
某些但不是全部
”
的意思，
通常用于肯 定句中。
在疑问句中，
所希望的回答是
Yes
时也可使用
some< br>。如：

There is some water in the glass.
玻璃杯里有些水。

There are some cigarettes in the box.
盒子里有些雪茄。

Have you got some paper-clips in that box?
你那只盒子
里有一些回形针吧？（我知道或我认为你有一些，
故希望你
会说
“
有
”
。）

some
加可数名词或不可数名词时，在流畅的话语中一
般不重读，而念 为
/s+m/
。


（
2
）
any
（表示不确定的数量）通常用在含有
not
或
-n't
的否定句中，也用于 表示我们不能确定答案是肯定还是否
定，或者用于预料得到的回答是
No
的疑问句中。 如：

There are not any spoons in the cupboard.
橱柜中没有任
何汤匙。

There
aren't
any
plates
on
the
dressing
table.
梳妆台上
任何碟子都没有。


词汇学习

Word study
near adj.
（
1
）靠近的，接近的：

The television is near the window.
电视机在窗户旁边。

There
are
some
shoes
on
the
floor.
They're
near
the
bed.
地板上有些鞋子。它们在床四周。


（
2
）关系接近的，亲近的：

She is a near friend of mine.
她是我的一位密友。

My uncle is my nearest relative.
我叔叔是我血缘最近的
亲戚。


（
3
）近似的；几乎是的：


The picture may not be an exact replica but it's pretty
near.
这幅画也许不是一件一模一样的复制品，
但它已酷似
原作了。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 28
A
1 There are some pencils on the desk.
2 There are some knives near that tin.
3 There are some policemen in the kitchen.
4 There are some newspapers in the living room.
5 There are some keyboard operators in the office.
B
1 Are there any books in the room?
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some magazines.
Where are they?
They're on the television.
2 Are there any ties on the floor?
No, there aren't any ties on the floor.
There are some shoes.
Where are they?
They're near the bed.
3 Are there any glasses on the cupboard?
No, there aren't any glasses on the cupboard.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're near those tins.
4 Are there any newspapers on the shelf?
No, there aren't any newspapers on the shelf.
There are some tickets.
Where are they?
They're in that handbag.
5 Are there any forks on the table?
No, there aren't any forks on the table.
There are some knives.
Where are they?
They're in that box.
6 Are there any cups on the stereo?
No, there aren't any cups on the stereo.
There are some glasses.
Where are they?
They're near those bottles.
7 Are there any cups in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any cups in the kitchen.
There are some plates.
Where are they?
They're on the cooker.
8 Are there any glasses in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any glasses in the kitchen.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're in the refrigerator.
9 Are there any books in the room?
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some pictures.
Where are they?
They're on the wall.
10 Are there any chairs in the room?
No, there aren't any chairs in the room.
There are some armchairs.
Where are they?
They're near the table

新概念第一册
29-30
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
untidy
，乱，不整洁。

un-
是前缀，表示
“not”
这类
否定的意思。

2
．
air the room
，给房间通通风。

< br>这里的
air
作动词用。名词作动词用是英语构词法的一
种。又如：
d ust(n.)
灰尘；
(v.)
掸掉灰尘。


语法

Grammar in use
must(1)
mus t
是一个情态助动词，表示
“
必须
”
、
“
应当”
，与
have
to
相似，
表示不可逃避的义务。
在 说话人看来，
没有选择余
地。但是，
must
带有个人色彩，表示说话人的主 观意图。
表示个人感情时通常用
must
。
You
must…（你必须
……
）
表示说话人说
/
认为
……
是必 要的。如：

You must sweep the floor.
你必须扫地。（我说这有必
要）


词汇学习

Word study
1
．
air
（
1
）
n.
空气，新鲜空气：

Let's go out and breathe some fresh air.
咱们出去呼吸点
新鲜空气吧。


（
2
）
n.
空中，空间：

He likes to stay in the open air.
他喜欢在户外呆着。


（
3
）
v.
晾（衣服、被褥等）；使通风：

Open the windows and air the room.
打开窗户使房间通
风。

Leave
the
trousers
on
the
washing-line
to
air.
把裤子挂
到晾衣绳上去晾干。

2
．
empty
（
1
）
v.
使空；把
…
倒出（移出）：

Empty the bottle of milk.
倒光瓶里的牛奶。

They emptied the house.
他们把房屋搬空了。


（
2
）
v.
流出；走出：

The river emptied itself into the sea.
河水流入大海。

It was raining, and the streets began to empty.
天下起了
雨，街上的行人开始稀少了。


（
3
）
adj.
空的：

There are some empty bottles in the refrigerator.
冰箱里
有一些空瓶子。

Her purse is empty.
她的钱包是空的。


（
4
）
adj.
空虚的，无意义的：

It's an empty dream.
这是个不现实的梦想。


13
Officials
were
flattered
by
empty
complements.
官员们
被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美滋滋的。


（
5
）
adj.
呆板的，毫无表情的：

She looked at him with empty eyes.
她木然地看着他。

He said all this in an empty voice.
他用一种呆板的声调
说了这一切。


练习答案

Key to written exercises
Lesson 30
A
1 Clean it!
2 Shut it!
3 Open it!
B
1 Shut the door!
2 Open the window!
3 Put on your shirt!
4 Take off your shoes!
5 Turn on the stereo!
6 Turn off the tap!
7 Sweep the floor!
8 Clean the blackboard!
9 Dust the cupboard!
10 Empty the cup!
11 Read this magazine!
12 Sharpen these knives!

新概念第一册
31-32
课文详解及练习答案


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
climb v.
（
1
）攀登，攀爬：

The
children
are
always
climbing
trees.
孩子们总是在爬
树。

He likes climbing mountains.
他喜欢爬山。

（
2
）逐步上升（增长）：

The
temperature
is
climbing
steadily.
温度正在慢慢地平
稳上升。

The price of gold climbed back.
金价逐渐回升了。


（
3
）（在社会地位等方面）往上爬：

He
is
trying
hard
to
climb
to
the
top
of
the
social
ladder.
他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。

He has climbed to a very high position in his field.
他已在
自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。

2
．
run v.
（
1
）跑，奔跑：

He is running quickly.
他正飞快地跑着。

He runs a mile every morning to keep fit.
他天天早晨跑
一英里步以保持身体健康。


（
2
）流动；流出：

The current is running strong.
水流湍急。

Her eyes ran with tears.
她落泪了。

（
3
）追赶；追逐：

The dog is running after a cat.
那只豿正在追赶一只猫。

Many young men are running after that girl.
许多年轻人
在追求那个姑娘。

语法

Grammar in use


现在进行时（
1
）

（
1
）
在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或事件，
要
用动词的现在进行时 形式。现在进行时由
be
的现在时形式
（
am, is, are
）
+
现在分词组成。
如课文中的
Shes sitting under
the tree
和
Hes climbing the tree< br>等句子均为现在进行时。对
大多数动词来说，在动词后面直接加
-ing
即可构 成现在分
词，如
doing,
climbing
。以
-e
结尾的动词，要去掉
-e
，再加
-ing
，
如
making
。
假如动词只有一个元音字母而其后跟了一
个辅音字母时，
则需将与辅音字母 双写，
再加
-ing
，
如
running,
sitting
。


（
2
）
疑问式：< br>将用了现在进行时的句子变成一般疑问句
时只需将助动词提前。如：

Hes reading a magazine.
Is he reading a magazine?
他正
在看一本杂志吗？


（
3< br>）否定式：现在进行时的否定式是将否定词
not
放在
助动词之后。如：

The dog is drinking its milk.
The dog is not drinking its
milk.
豿没在喝它的那份牛奶。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 32
A
1 He is opening the window.
2 She is sharpening this pencil.
3 She is dusting the cupboard.
4 She is emptying the basket.
5 He is looking at the picture.
B
1 What is Mr. Richards doing?
Is he cleaning his teeth?
No, he isnt cleaning his teeth.
Hes opening the window.
2 What is my mother doing?
Is she shutting the door?
No, she isnt shutting the door.
Shes making the bed.
3 What is the dog doing?

14
Is it drinking its milk?
No, it isnt drinking its milk.
Its eating a bone.
4 What is my sister doing?
Is she reading a magazine?
No, she isnt reading a magazine.
Shes looking at a picture.
5 What is Emma doing?
Is she dusting the dressing table?
No, she isnt dusting the dressing table.
Shes cooking a meal.
6 What is Amy doing?
Is she making the bed?
No, she isnt making the bed.
Shes sweeping the floor.
7 What is Tim doing?
Is he reading a magazine?
No, he isnt reading a magazine.
Hes sharpening a pencil.
8 What is the girl doing?
Is she turning on the light?
No, she isnt turning on the light.
Shes turning off the tap.
9 What is the boy doing?
Is he cleaning his teeth?
No, he isnt cleaning his teeth.
Hes putting on his shirt.
10 What is Miss Jones doing?
Is she putting on her coat?
No, she isnt putting on her coat.
Shes taking off her coat.

新概念第一册
33-34
课文详解及练习答案



课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
It is a fine day today.
今天天气好。


句中的
it
是指天气。又如：
Is it cold today?
今天冷吗？
No, it isn't.
不，不冷。

2
．
some clouds
，几朵云。

some
既可修饰可数名词，
也可修饰不可数名词。
如：
some
tables
一些椅子（可数名词），
some milk
一些牛奶（不可数
名词）。

3
．
There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.
天空中飘着几朵云，但阳光灿烂。


这句是并列句，由两 个分句构成，连词
but
表明分句之
间存在着对比及转折关系。
两分句之间大 多要用逗号，
有时
可不用逗号。


15
4
．
Mr. Jones is with his family.
琼斯先生同他的家人在一
起。


句中
wi th
是介词，
表示
“
和
……
一起
”
。family
是指
“
家里
的人
”
或
“
家庭成员
”
。

5
．
They are walking over the bridge.
他们正在过桥。


句中的
ov er
有
“
穿过
”
的意思。又如：

The
aeroplane
is
flying over the river.
飞机正在河上飞过。

The birds are flying over the house.
鸟儿在屋上飞过。

over
还可表不
“
在
……
上方
”
（不接触表面），如：

The
sky is over our heads.
天空在我们头顶上。

6
．
There are some boats on the river.
河上有几艘船。


句中
on
意为
“
在< br>……
上面
”
（接触表面）
。
又如：

There
is a book on the table.
桌上有一本书。

7
．
The ship is going under the bridge.
那船正从桥下驶过。


句中
under
意为
“
在
……
下面
（或下方）
”。
如：
There is a
dog under the tree.
树下有只豿。

ship
一般指海洋中行驶的大船。
boat一词指河中行驶的
小船。
另外：
aeroplane
（英国英语）
，
airplane
（美国英语）
，
飞机（正式用语）；

plane
，飞机（非正式用语）。

语法

Grammar in use

现在进行时（
2
）（请参见

Lessons 31
～
32
语法部分。）


现在进行时的形式是由
be
的现在时形式
+
现在分词形式
构成。
当句中主语名词为复数或 者人称代词为第
2
人称或第
3
人称复数时，
be
的现在时形 式应为
are
。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
jump v.
（
1
）跳跃；跃过：

They are jumping a ditch.
他们正跃过一个深沟。

They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他们从墙上跳下去
跑掉了。


（
2
）略去；跳过：

He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳过大学一年级
（指跳级直接升入二年级）。


（
3
）忽然上升；猛增：

They
jumped
the
registration
fees
from
￡
20
to
￡
50.
他
们把注册费从
20
英镑涨到
50
英镑。

His company's profits jumped surprisingly last
year.
他所
在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。

2
．
sleep
（
1
）
v.
睡觉：

He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只睡
4
个
小时。

I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
我兴奋得无法
入睡。


（
2
）
n.
睡眠；睡觉：

He had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得很酣畅。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 34
A
1 She is typing a letter.
2 She is making the bed.
3 He is
coming.
4
The
sun
is
shining.
5
He
is
giving
me
some
magazines.
B
1 What are the men doing?
They're cooking a meal.
2 What are they doing?
They're sleeping.
3 What are the men doing?
They're shaving.
4 What are the children doing?
They're crying.
5 What are the dogs doing?
They're eating bones.
6 What are the women doing?
They're typing letters.
7
What
are
the
children
doing?
They're
doing
their
home-work.
8 What are the women doing?
They're washing dishes.
9
What
are
the
birds
doing?
They're
flying
over
the
river.
10
What
are
they
doing?
They're
walking
over
the
bridge.
11
What
are
the
man
and
the
woman
doing?
They're
waiting for a bus.
12 What are the children doing?
They're jumping off the
wall.

新概念第一册
35-36
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
This is
a photograph
of our village.
这是我们村庄的
一张照片。

句中
of
是 介词，表示
“……
的
”
。又如：

the windows of
a room
房间的窗户

2
．
It is between two hills.
我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之
中。

句中
It
指
village
。
between
是介词，表 示
“
在
……
（两
者）之间
”
。又如：

The man is standing between two policemen.
这个男人
正站在两名警察之间。

3
．
along the banks of the river,
沿着河岸。

along
为
介词，表示
“
沿着
”
。

4
．
He is swimming across the river.
他正横渡小河。

across
为介词，表示
“
通过
”
某个平面。

5
．
beside a park
，位于公园旁边。

be side
为介词，表示
“
在
……
旁边
”
。

语法

Grammar in use

短语动词
< br>短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动
词，
即动词
+
介词 或副词小品词。
英语
（特别是在非正式的、
惯用的英语）
中存在着一种用动词 短语代替与其同义的单个
动词的强烈趋势。
如听到敲门声，
我们会说
Come in
而不会
用
Enter
来表达。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最< br>简单的动词构成的，这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组
合，如
along, down, in, off, on, out, over, under
等。例如：

The cats are running along the wall.
猫正沿着墙跑。

The children are jumping off the branch.
孩子们正从树
枝上跳下来。

不仅一个单个 动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品词一
起构成短语动词，
而且一个短语动词本身也可能有几种不 同
的意义。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
go into

（
1
）走进；进入：

He is going into a shop.
他正走进一家商店。

（
2
）进入；介入：

They're
going
into
the
business
world.
他们正步入商
界。

2
．
sit on

（
1
）坐在
……
上：

The children are sitting on the grass.
孩子们正坐在草地
上。

（
2
）
<
口
>
拖延；压下：

They
are
trying
to
sit
on
the
bad
news
as
long
as
possible.
他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲
出去。

3
．
run along

（
1
）沿着
……
跑：

The
dogs
are
running
along
the
river
banks.
豿正沿着
河岸奔跑。

（
2
）离开；走开：

It's getting dark, we must
run along.
天黑了，
我们得走
了。

练习答案

Key to written exercises



Lesson 36

A
1
He is swimming across the river.

2
She is sitting on the grass.

3
The cat is running along the wall.

B

1
Where is the man going?
He's going
into the shop.

2
Where
is
the
woman
going?
She's
going
out
of
the
shop.


16
3
Where is he sitting?
He's sitting beside his mother.

4
Where
are
they
walking?
They're
walking
across
the street.

5
Where
are
the
cats
running?
They're
running
along
the wall.

6
Where
are
the
children
jumping?
They're
jumping
off the branch.

7
Where
is
the
man
standing?
He's
standing
between
two policemen.

8
Where is she sitting?
She's sitting near the tree.

9
Where is it
flying?
It's flying under the bridge.

10
Where
is
the
aeroplane
flying?
It's
flying
over
the
bridge.

11
Where
are
they
sitting?
They're
sitting
on
the
grass.

12

新概念第一册
37-38
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．
What are you going to do now, George?
你现在准备干
什么，乔治？

be going to
，是打算、准备、按计划在最近做某事，表
示将来。请参见本课语法部分。

2
．
Pink's
＝
Pink is
。

3
．
It's for my daughter, Susan.
是为我的女儿苏珊做的。


Susan
作
my daughter
的同位语。

语法

Grammar in use

将来时

be
going
to

（
1
）
将来时
be going to
的形式由
am/is/are going to +
动
词原形构成。

（
2
）将来时
be going to
的用法

A
表示
“
打算
”
、
“
准备
”
在最近做某事。（在非正式语体
中，一般多用
be going to
，而不用
will
。）

I am going to put it on the floor.
我打算把它放在地板
上。

He
is
going
to paint
the
bookcase
tomorrow.
他准备明
天给书架刷漆。

B
表示按计划、安排要发生的事：

The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将在
9
点开
始。

Where
are
you
going
to
build
the
road?
你们将在什么
地方筑路？

C
表示预言一件事即将发生：

The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将在
9
点开
始。


17
Where
are
the
man
and
the
woman
reading?
They're reading in the living room.

It's going to rain!
天要下雨了！

She's going to faint!
她要晕倒了！

（
3
）
be going to
的疑问式与否定式

将助动词
be
提至句首可将陈述句变为一般疑问句。
如：

George is going to paint it pink.
乔治打算把它刷成粉
红色。


Is George going to paint it pink?
乔治打算把它刷成粉
红色吗？

在助动词后面加上
not
可以得到否定句。
如上句可变为：

George is not going to point it pink.
乔治不打算把它刷
成粉红色。

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
paint

（
1
）
v.
上漆，涂：


What colour is George going to paint it?
乔治准备把它
漆成什么颜色的？

（
2
）
v.
（用颜料）画：

Who painted this picture?
这幅画是谁画的？

（
3
）
v.
描写；描绘：

His novel
paints
a
peaceful
picture
of
the
country
life
in
Europe.
他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活的宁静画面。

（
4
）
n.
油漆；涂料；颜料：

Wet Paint!
油漆未干！

I bought a box of paints.
我买了一盒颜料。

2
．
work

（
1
）
v.
工作；劳动：

He works 45 hours per week.
他每周工作
45
个小时。



（
2
）
v.
从事职业：

He works as a bank clerk.
他是一名银行职员。

（
3
）
v.
学习；做作业：

If you work hard, you'll pass your exams.
如果你用功的

话，你就会考试通过。

（
4
）
n.
工作；劳动；作业；职业：

He wants to have a good sleep after a day's work.
在一天
的工作之后，他想好好睡上一觉。

The students finished all their work in class.
学生们当堂
把全部作业都完成了。

He is without work.
他失业了。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 38

A

1
What are you doing? We are reading.

2
What are they doing? They are doing their homework.

3
What is he doing? He is working hard.

4
What are you doing? I am washing the dishes.

B
1
What are you going to do?
I'm going to shave.

What are you doing now?
I'm shaving.
2
What are you going to do? I'm going to wait for a bus.
What are you doing now?
I'm waiting for a bus.

3
What
are
you
going
to
do?
I'm
going
to
do
my
homework.

What are you doing now? I'm doing my homework.

4
What
are
you
going
to
do?
I'm
going
to
listen
to
the
stereo.
What are you doing now? I'm listening to the stereo.

5
What are you going to do? I'm going to wash the dishes.

What are you doing now?
I'm washing the dishes.


新概念第一册
39-40
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text

1
．

Don't do that.
不要放在那儿。
< br>在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、
建议等多种
意图。
而祈使句的否定式 则由
Don't
（或
Do not
）
+
动词原形
构成，
又如课文中的
Don't drop it!
（别摔了！
）
等句子。
（请
参见本课语法部分。）

2
．
Give it to me.
把它给我。

在第
21
课有
give me a book
这样的句型，在本课中又出
现了
give it to me
的句型。

在动词
give
后面可以有两个宾语：即直接宾语（指物，
如
a book, it
）和间接宾语（指人，如
me
）。如果直接宾语
置于动词< br>give
之后，间接宾语之前则带
to
。再比较一下下
列句式：


Show her the magazine.
给她那本杂志。

Show it to her.
把它给她。

Give me that knife.
给我那把小刀。

Give it to me.
把它给我。

3
．
in front of
，
在
……
前面。

有别于
in the front of
，
在
……
的前部。

4
．
There
we
are!
就放在那里
!

在这里表示说话人的满意心情，
可 理解为
“
好了
”
、
“
行了
”
等。

语法

Grammar in use

祈使句的否定缩略式

形式为
Don't
（或
Do not
）
+
动词原形，如：

Don't wait!
别等了！

Don't speak to me like that!
别那样跟我讲话！

使用祈使句时，重音、语调、手势和面部表情，尤其是
情 境和上下文，
都说明这种形式用于表示是否友好、
不客气、
愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等 。一般而言，祈使句的否定式通
常用
Don't
来表示，完整形式
Do not
主要用于正式文告中。


18

词汇学习

Word study

1
．
drop
v.


（
1
）（失手）落下；掉下；放下：

Be careful! Don't drop it.
小心！别摔了。

She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the
phone.
她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。


（
2
）（使）滴下；滴水：

Tears dropped from her face.
泪珠从她的脸上滑落。


（
3
）（使）下降；降低：

He dropped his voice.
他把声音放低了些。

Yesterday
the
temperature
dropped
to
8
℃

below
zero.
昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下
8
度。


2
．
send
v.


（
1
）送给；寄：

She is going to send a
letter to her sister.
她准备给她
的姐姐寄封信。

I'll send him a present.
我将给他送去一件礼物。


（
2
）差遣；命（或请）
……
去：

He
sent
his
secretary
for
a
doctor.
他派他的秘书去请
医生了。

Her
mother
often
sends
her
to
the
store
for
some
groceries.
她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。

练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 40

A

1
Send that letter to George.

2
Take those flowers to her.

3
Show that picture to me.

4
Give these books to Mrs. Jones.

5
Give these ice creams to the children.

B

1
I'm going to put it on.

2
I'm going to take them off.

3
I'm going to turn them on.

4
I'm going to turn it off.

5
I'm going to put it on.

6
I'm going to take it off.

7
I'm going to turn them on.

8
I'm going to turn it off.

9
I'm going to turn them off.

10
I'm going to turn it on.

新概念第一册
41-42
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Not
very.
不太重。

是
It is not very heavy
的省略形式。口语中回答问题时，常把主语、
动词和宾语都省略，
只剩一个副词、
一个副词词
组或一个动词 不定式短语等
.

2
．
Put it on this chair.
把它放在这把椅子上。

it
指
bag
。在 没有扶手的椅子上用
on
，在有扶手的椅子
上用
in
。如：

sit on a chair
坐在椅子上

sit in an armchair
坐在扶手椅里


3
．
cheese,
bread,
soap,
chocolate,
milk,
sugar,
coffee,
tea, tobacco

< br>这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能加
a
或
an
，也没有复数 形式。如果想表示
“
一些
”
之意，可用
some
，
any
等词。
some
用于肯定句，
any
用于否定句和疑问句。< br>（可
参见
Lessons 27
～
28
语法部分。）

如果要表示
“
一块
”
、
“
一张
”
、
“
一条
”
等，
需加如
a piece of
这表示数量的短语。本课表示数量的短语还有：

a loaf of
一个

a bar of
一条

a bottle of
一瓶

a pound of
一磅

half a
pound of
半磅

a quarter of
四分之一

a tin of
一听


4
．
a loaf of bread
，一个面包。


指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。


5
．
a bar of chocolate
，一块巧克力。


指一长条巧克力糖。
这种形状的巧克力有时也可称为一
块巧克力。


语法

Grammar in use


there
＋
be
结构（
3
）

当
there
＋
be
后跟单数名词或不可数名词时，动词
be
的一般现在时形式为
is
；当后面跟复数名词时，动词用
are
。
如果后跟几个并列名词，
而第一个名词是单数，
动词仍用
is
。
th ere
＋
be
后面的名词是句子的主语。如：

There
is
a
hammer
on
the
bookcase.
书箱上有个鎯头。
（单数名词）

There is some tea in the cup.
杯子里有些茶水。
（不可数
名词）

There
are
three
bottles
of
milk
on
the
table.
桌子上有
3
瓶牛奶。（不可数名词，用复数量词修饰）

There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk.
课桌上
有一枝钢笔、
两本书和一把小刀。
（第一个并列名词是单数）


也请参见
Lessons
19
～
20
以及
Lessons
27
～
28
语法部
分。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
bar
n.


19
（
1
）条；块：

He
has
just
had
a
chocolate
bar.
他刚刚吃了一块巧克
力。


（
2
）（门、窗的）闩；杆：

He is now behind bars.
他现在被关在监狱里。
（
bar
指窗
上装有铁栅栏，< br>behind bars
是一种非正式固定用语，
意为
in
prison
，关在监狱里。）


（
3
）酒吧（间）：

The bar is very crowded.
酒吧里人很拥挤。


2
．
pound
n.

（
1
）磅；常衡磅（分成
16
盎司，等于< br>0.4536
千克，略
作
1b.
）；金衡磅（分成
12
盎司，等于
0.3732
千克，略作
1b. t.
）：

It weighs 15 pounds.
它的重量为
15
磅。

Give me a pound of sugar, please.
请给我
1
磅糖。


（
2
）英镑（英国货币单位，简写为￡，全称为
pound
sterling
）：

The shirt costs
me
￡

20.
买这件衬衣花了我
20
镑。

Half a pound of coffee
costs one pound.
半磅咖啡的价
格是一英镑。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 42
A
1
Is there any bread in the kitchen?
2
There's a
loaf on the table.
3
There's some coffee on the table, too.
4
There isn't any chocolate on the table.
5
There's a spoon on that dish.
6
Is there any soap on the dressing table?
B
1
Is there a spoon here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the
plate.
2
Is
there
a
tie here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
one
on the
chair.
3
Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's some on
the table.
4
Is there a hammer here?
Yes, there is. There's one on
the bookcase.
5
Is
there
any
tea
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some
on
the table.
6
Is there a vase here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the
radio.
7
Is
there
a
suit here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
one
in
the
wardrobe.
8
Is there any tobacco here?
Yes, there is. There's some
in the tin.
9
Is
there
any
chocolate
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some on the desk.
10
Is there any cheese here?
Yes, there is. There's some
on the plate.


新概念第一册
43-44
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．

Can you make the tea, Sam?
你会沏茶吗，萨姆？

make the tea,
沏茶。句中
can
是英语中最常见的几个情态
助动词之一，请参见本课语法部分。


2
．
behind
，在
……
的后面。


与
in front of
（在
……
前面）互为反义词。


3
．
The
kettle's
boiling!
水开了
!
=
The
water
in
the
kettle is boiling!


这里的
kettle =water in the kettle
。
用容器 来指代容器内的
东西是一种修辞格，叫借代（
metonymy
）。


语法

Grammar in use


can(1)

can
是英语中最常用的几个情态助动词之一，
它本 身不表
示动作，
只表示体力或脑力方面的能力或客观可能等。
它必
须与其他动 词连用，本身没有性和数的变化。如：


I can see some coffee on the table.
我能看到桌子上的
一些咖啡。


Can Sam read this book?
萨姆看得懂这本书吗？


can
的否定形式为
can
not, cannot
或
can't
（省略式）
：


I can't see any coffee.
我看不见什么咖啡。

He can't
find the cups.
他找不到杯子。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
find
v.

（
1
）找到；寻得：


It
is
most
important
to
find
a
suitable
person
for
the
job.
找到一位适合做这项工作的人是至关重要的。


Where are the cups? I can't find them.
杯子放在哪儿


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 44
A
1
I can see some spoons, but I can't see any knives.
2
I can see some hammers, but I can't see any boxes.
3
I can see some coffee, but I can't see any loaves of bread.
4
I can see some cupboards, but I can't see any shelves.
5
I can see Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown, but I can't see their
wives.
6
I can see some cups, but I can't see any dishes.
7
I can see some cars, but I can't see any buses.
B

1
Is
there
any
milk
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's some
in
front of the door.
2
Is there any soap here?
Yes, there is. There's some on
the cupboard.
3
Are
there
any
newspapers
here?
Yes,
there
are.
There
are some behind that vase.
4
Is there any water here?
Yes, there is. There's some in
those glasses.
5
Is
there
any
tea
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some
in
those cups.
6
Are
there
any
cups
here?
Yes,
there
are.
There
are
some in front of that kettle.
7
Is
there
any
chocolate
here?
Yes,
there
is.
There's
some behind that book.
8
Are
there
any
teapots
here?
Yes,
there
are.
There
are
some in that cupboard.
9
Are
there
any
cars
here?
Yes,
there
are.
There
are
some in front of that building.
10
Is there any coffee here?
Yes, there is. There's some
on the table.
新概念第一册
45-46
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Can you come here a minute please, Bob?
请你来一
下好吗，鲍勃？


句中的

a minute
是时间状语，
表示
“
一 会儿
”
、
“
片刻
”
。
又如：
Wait a minute, please.
请稍等一会儿。


2
．
She's next door.
她在隔壁。

这里

next door
起副词
作用，作表语。


语法

Grammar in use


can(2)

can
是情态助动词，
表示
“
能力
”
。
情态助动词的否定式由
情态助动词加
not
构成；疑问 句中将情态助动词置于句首，
后接句子的主语和主要谓语动词。又如：

Can Penny and Jane wash the dishes?
彭尼和简会洗盘子
吗？

Yes, they can.
是的，她们会。

can
本身没有人称或数方面的变化。
它还可以与 疑问词一
起用在特殊疑问句中。如：

What can Penny and Jane do?
彭尼和简会干什么？

They can wash the dishes.
她们会洗盘子。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
lift
v.

（
1
）提；抬；举：

Can
you
lift
this
heavy
suitcase?
你能提起这个沉重的
衣箱吗？


20
The elderly lady lifted her eyes from the book.
那位年长
的女士从书本上抬起眼睛。


（
2
）提高；搞高
……
地位：

This polity lifted Chinese exports of silk.
这项政策提高
了中国丝绸的出口量。


2
．
make
v.

（
1
）制作；创造：

She is going to make a very big birthday cake.
她准备做
一个非常大的生日蛋糕。

Hollywood
can
make
the
most
famous
film
stars
in
the
world.
好莱坞可以造就世界上最著名的影星。


（
2
）产生，引起，导致：

You have made a serious mistake.
你犯了一个严重的错
误。

Don't make so much noise, please!
请别这么大肆喧闹！


（
3
）整理；料理；准备：

She is now making the bed for a guest.
她现在正为客人
铺床。

The coffee is made.
咖啡煮好了。


3
．
terrible
adj.

（
1
）可怕的；骇人的：

This is a picture of terrible new
weapons.
这是一张可怕
的新式武器的图片。


（
2
）困难的；费劲的：

Who can accomplish this terrible task?
谁能完成这项艰
难的任务？


（
3
）极度的；非常严重的：

I've got a terrible headache.
我头疼得厉害。


（
4
）＜口＞糟透的；很蹩脚的：

She is terrible at maths.
她的数学很蹩脚。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 46
A
1
They can type these letters.
2
She can make the bed.
3
You can swim across the river.
4
We can come now.
5
We can run across the park.
6
He can sit on the grass.
7
I can give him some chocolate.
B
1
Can you type this letter?
Yes, I can.
What can you do?
I can type this letter.
2
Can Penny wait for the bus?
Yes, she can.
What can she do?
She can wait for the bus.
3
Can Penny and Jane wash the dishes?
Yes, they can.

21

What can they do?
They can wash the dishes.
4
Can George take these flowers to her?
Yes, he can.
What can he do?
He can take these flowers to her.
5
Can the cat drink its milk?
Yes, it can.
What can it do?
It can drink its milk.
6
Can you and Tom paint this bookcase?
Yes, we can.
What can you and Tom do?
We can paint this bookcase.
7
Can you see that aeroplane?
Yes, I can.
What can you do?
I can see that aeroplane.
8
Can Jane read this book?
Yes, she can.
What can she do?
She can read this book.
新概念第一册
47-48
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Yes, I do.
是的，我喜欢。


是一句肯定的简略回答。如果是否定的回答，则应为
No,
I
don't.
I
like…
和

I
don't
like…
这两个句型是分别表示
“
我喜欢


／想要
……”
和
“
我不喜欢／想要
……”
的惯常用法。


2
．
black coffee,
不加牛奶或咖啡伴侣的清咖啡。


加牛奶的咖啡叫

white coffee. black
在有些搭配中不译
为黑色的，如：
black tea
红茶


3
．序数词

1st
～
12th

1st----first
2nd----second
3rd----third

4th----fourth
5th ----fifth 6th----sixth
7th ----seventh 8th----eighth 9th----ninth

10th----tenth
11th----eleventh
12th----twelfth

英语中序数词必须与定冠词（
the
）连用。虽然有时不
在形式上 表现出来，在朗读的时候也必须加上
the
。如：
the
1st month
（第
1
个月），
the twelfth century
（
12
世纪）。


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时（
1
）


一般现在时可用以陈述现在时段内发 生或存在的事件、
动作或行为。
这些事件、
动作或情景说不定会无限地延续下
去。但实际上，我们的意思则是在说
“
这是现在存在着的状
况
”
。一 般现在时还可以表示普遍真理以及习惯性的动作。
如：

I like black coffee.
我喜欢喝清咖啡。

I don't want any milk in my tea.
我想给我的茶中加什么
牛奶。

My father works in a bank.
我父亲在一家银行工作。

I get up at 7.
我
7
点钟起床。

The earth goes round the sun.
地球围着太阳转。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
like
v.

（
1
）喜欢：

I like that sweet girl.
我喜欢那个可爱的姑娘。

John likes Chinese food.
约翰喜欢吃中国菜。


（
2
）想要；希望有：

Would you like some coffee?
你要不要来点咖啡？

How does Ann like her coffee?
安想喝什么样的咖啡？


2
．
want
v.

（
1
）想要；希望：

I want some sugar.
我想要些糖。

I want you to try.
我希望你试试。


（
2
）需要：

Those
drooping
flowers
want
water.
那些正在枯萎的花
朵需要水分。

My leather shoes want cleaning.
我的皮鞋需要擦擦了。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 48
A
1
The aeroplane is flying over the village.
2
The ship is going under the bridge.
3
The children are swimming across the river.
4
Two cats are running along the wall.
5
The boy is jumping off the branch.
6
The girl is sitting between her mother and her father.
7
The teacher is standing in front of the blackboard.
8
The blackboard is behind the teacher.
B
1
Yes, I do.
I like honey, but I don't want any.
2
Yes, I do.
I like bananas, but I don't want one.
3
Yes, I do.
I like jam, but I don't want any.
4
Yes, I do.
I like oranges, but I don't want one.
5
Yes, I do.
I like ice cream, but I don't want any.
6
Yes, I do.
I like whisky, but I don't want any.
7
Yes, I do.
I like apples, but I don't want one.
8
Yes, I do.
I like wine, but I don't want any.
9
Yes, I do.
I like biscuits, but I don't want one.
10 Yes, I do. I like beer, but I don't want any.


新概念第一册
49-50
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What about some steak?
来点牛排吗？


句中
What
可以换成
How< br>，用来征求对方看法或意见。
请参看
Lessons 31
～
32
课文详注。


2
．
to tell(you) the truth,
老实说，说实话。


它常用于句首，
作句子的附加成分，
表示说话人对所说
话语的态度：

To tell you the truth, I don't like his new car at all.

给你讲实话，我一点儿也不喜欢他的那辆新车。


22

3
．序数词
13th
～
24th

13th ----thirteenth
14th----fourteenth
15th----f
ifteenth
16th ----sixteenth
17th----seventeenth
18th----eighteenth
19th---- nineteenth
20th-
---twentieth
21st---- twenty-first 22nd----twenty-second
23rd----twenty-third
24th----twenty- fourth

语法

Grammar in use


1
．选择疑问句


含有
or
的问句称 为选择疑问句。
or
之前的部分读升调，
之后的部分读降调。
这种疑问句不能 简单地用
Yes
或
No
来
回答。
选择疑问句把选择的余地 缩小在数目有限的事物、
行
动等上面，可以有无限性的选择、
3
项选择以及两 项选择。
选择疑问句通常可以采用缩略形式，如：

Beef or lamb?
牛肉还是羔羊肉？


选择疑问句的例句如：

What would you like to drink?
你喜欢喝什么？
（无限性
选择）

Which/What
would
you
prefer,
tea
or
coffee?
茶和咖
啡，你喜欢哪一种？（两项选择）

Would you like tea, coffee, or milk?
你喜欢茶、咖啡、
还是牛奶？（
3
项选择）

How shall we go, by bus or by train?
我们怎么走？乘
公共汽车还是坐火车？

Did
you
go
there,
or
didn't
you?
你去了那儿还是没有
去？

Did you or didn't you go there?
你是去了还是没有去那
儿？


2
．一般现在时的单数第
3
人称形式
（可参见

Lessons
47
～
48
语法部分。）


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
too
adv.

也，还（常用于肯定句，有时也 用于疑问句，但不能用
于否定句。常见于句末，而且
too
前常有逗号；如果不在句< br>末，
too
前后都应当有逗号）：

I like lamb, too.
我也喜欢小羊肉。

Can I come, too?
我也来，行吗？

I, too, have been to Shanghai.
我也到过上海。


2
．
either
adv.

也，而且（一般用于否定句，位于句末，前面通常有逗
号）：

He doesn't like the house, and I don't like it, either.
他不
喜欢这所房子，我也不喜欢。

If you do not go, I shall not go, either.
如果你不去，
那么
我也不去。

I haven't seen the film and my sister hasn't either.
我没有
看过那部电影，我妹妹也没看过。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 50
A
1
He likes coffee, but I don't.
2
She likes tea, but he doesn't.
3
He is eating some bread, but she isn't.
4
She can type very well, but he can't.
5
They are working hard, but we aren't.
6
He is reading a magazine, but I am not.
B
1
Yes, he does.
He likes cabbage, but he doesn't want any.
2
Yes, he does.
He likes lettuce, but he doesn't want any.
3
Yes, I do.
I like peas, but I don't want any.
4
Yes, she does.
She likes beans, but she doesn't want any.
5
Yes, I do.
I like bananas, but I don't want any.
6
Yes, he does.
He likes oranges, but he doesn't want any.
7
Yes, he does.
He likes apples, but he doesn't want any.
8
Yes, she does.
She likes pears, but she doesn't want any.
9
Yes, I do.
I like grapes, but I don't want any.
10
Yes, she does.
She likes peaches, but she doesn't want any.

新概念第一册
51-52
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Where do you come from?
你是哪国人？


问对方是什么地方人。
come from
表示来源或籍贯。也
可说：
Where are you from?
在第
7
课中出现过类似的句子。


2
．
What's the climate like in your country?
你们国家
的气候怎么样？


句中
like
是介词，
不是动词，
它的宾语是

What
。
又如：
What's the weather like in spring? climate
指某一地区数年间
的天气情况；
weather是指某个特定的时间内晴、雨、风、
雪变化。对于这类问题的回答可以是

It's
very
pleasant
（很
好）
或

It rains sometimes
（有时下雨）
。
这里的
it
均指天气。


3
．
It's often windy in March. 3
月里常常刮风。


表示在某个月份里通常用介词
in
。 类似用
in
的时间短
语课文中还有

in April
（在
4
月），
in June
（在

6
月），
in
September
（在

9
月）等等。

often
（经常），
always
（总是，老是），
sometimes
（有
时）
都是课文中出现的表示非确 定频度的副词。
这些副词一
般用来回答用
how often
提问的问题。


语法

Grammar in use


What…(be. look, etc.) like?
我们把
What…like?
这一句
型用于询问事物的状况，例如天气、气候等：

What's the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样？

What's it like today?
今天怎么样？

What's the climate like in your country?
你们国家气候怎
么样？


或询问人物或事物的外观或特征：

What's your brother like?
你兄弟是个什么样子？

What's your house like?
你的房子是什么样的？


许多形容词可用以回答
What…like?
这样的问题，
并可
根 据上下文给以笼统的或确切的信息。
例如课文中表示天气
或气候的形容词有
pleas ant
（宜人的），
windy
（有风的），
hot
（热的），cold
（冷的），
warm
（温暖的）等等。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
sometimes
adv.

有时，间或：

It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold.
天气时冷时热。

Sometimes he visits his aunt who lives nearby.
他有时会
去看望他那住在附近的婶婶。


2
．
pleasant
adj.

（
1
）令人愉快的；舒适合意的：

The climate in my hometown is
always pleasant.
我家乡
的气候总是宜人而舒爽。

This study is pleasant to work in.
在这个书房里工作令人
感到舒适。


（
2
）
（人或其外表、举止等）讨人喜欢的；
（性情等）
和蔼可亲的：

She's such a pleasant girl.
她真是个可爱的姑娘。

Andrew seemed very pleasant on the phone.
安德鲁在电
话里显得很和蔼可亲。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 52
A
1
We
come
from
Germany,
but
Dimitri
comes
from
Greece.
2
I like cold weather, but he likes warm weather.
3
He comes from the U. S., but she comes from England.
4
She doesn't like the winter, but she likes the summer.
5
I come from Norway, but you come from Spain.

23
6
Stella comes from Spain, but Hans and Karl come from
Germany.
7
We don't come from Spain. We come from Brazil.
B
1
Where does she come from?
Does she come from England?
No, she doesn't come from England. She comes from the U.
S.
What nationality is she?
She's American.
2
Where do they come from?
Do they come from France?
No,
they
don't
come
from
France.
They
come
from
England.
What nationality are they?
They're English.
3
Where does he come from?
Does he come from France?
No,
he
doesn't
come
from
France.
He
comes
from
Germany.
What nationality is he?
He's German.
4
Where does he come from?
Does he come from Italy?
No, he doesn't come from Italy. He comes from Greece.
What nationality is he?
He's Greek.
5
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Greece?
No, they don't come from Greece. They come from Italy.
What nationality are they?
They're Italian.
6
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Brazil?
No,
they
don't
come
from
Brazil.
They
come
from
Norway.
What nationality are they?
They're Norwegian.
7
Where do they come from?
Do they come from Norway?
No,
they
don't
come
from
Norway.
They
come
from
Greece.
What nationality are they?
They're Greek.
8
Where does she come from?
Does she come from Italy?

24

No, she doesn't come from Italy. She comes from Spain.
What nationality is she?
She's Spanish.
9
Where does she come from?
Does she come from Norway?
No,
she
doesn't
come
from
Norway.
She
comes
from
France.
What nationality is she?
She's French.
10
Where does he come from?
Does he come from the U. S.?
No, he doesn't come from the U. S. He comes from Brazil.
What nationality is he?
He's Brazilian.

新概念第一册
53-54
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
in the North=in the north of England.

North
的首字母大写，是因为它单独使用，特指英国的北部。
表示一个国家或地区的方位词一般要大写。
本课中的
方位词均表示国家的一 部分：

in the East
在东部

in the West
在西方

in the South
在南方

但是，仅仅表示方位意义的方位词不需大写。如：

a north wind
北风

a south window
南窗


2
．
Which
seasons
do
you
like
best?
你最喜欢哪些季
节？


句中的
best
是副词
well
的最高级，作状语，修饰
like< br>。


3
．
The sun rises early and sets late.
太阳升得早而落得
晚
。


句中的
early
和
late
都是副词，分别修饰动词
rises
和
sets
，作状语。注意
the sun
中定冠词的用法。在英语 中，表
示世界上独一无二的东西（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天
空、宇宙）的名词之前通常需 加定冠词。


4
．
favourite subject of conversation,
最喜欢谈论的话
题。


英国人见面 时谈话通常是从天气开始的。
一方面这与英
国的自然地理情况有关，
另一方面则与英国 人的民族性格有
关。
谈论天气是任何人都可接受的话题，
而且这可避免介入
令 人尴尬的或侵入私人领域的话题。


语法

Grammar in use
like (v.)
与
like (prep.)
lik e(v.)
表示
“
喜欢
”
、
“
想要
”（请参见

Lessons 47
～
48
词
汇部分），而
like(prep.)
表示
“
像
……
一样
”
：

His car is like mine.
他的汽车跟我的那辆一样。

She is very like her sister.
她和她姐姐相像极了。

The new building looks like a big bird.
那座新建筑看上
去像是一只大鸟。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
mild
adj.

（
1
）（天气等）温暖的；暖和的：

They had an exceptionally mild winter last year.
他们那
儿去年冬天出奇地暖和。

The climate in the South is always mild and pleasant.
南
方的气候总是温和宜人。


（
2
）（性情等）温和的：

John is a mild man who never raises his voice.
约翰是一
个温和的人，他从不抬高嗓门说话。


I like his gentle and mild voice.
我喜欢他那温和而
轻柔的声音。


（
3
）（食物等）味淡的：

Try this mild curry.
试试这种淡味咖喱。

He likes to smoke mild cigars.
他喜欢抽淡味雪茄烟。


2
．
rise
v.

（
1
）（日、月等）升起；上升：

The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。

The curtain rises at 8.00 p. m.
剧在晚上
8
点钟开演。


（
2
）（河水、物价、温度等）上涨；升高；增加：

The level of the river is still rising.
河水水位仍在上涨。


（
3
）起身；起床：

My mother always rises early.
我母亲总是很早起床。

The
house
rose
to
the
singers.
全场起立向歌唱演员们
致意。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 54
A
1
Does the sun set late?
The sun doesn't set late.
2
Does he like ice cream?
He doesn't like ice cream.
3
Does
Mrs.
Jones
want
a
biscuit?
She
doesn't
want
a
biscuit.
4
Does Jim come from England?
He doesn't come from
England.
B
1
Where does he come from? Is he Australian?
Yes. He's Australian. He comes from Australia.
2
Where does he come from? Is he Austrian?
Yes. He's Austrian. He comes from Austria.
3
Where does he come from? Is he Canadian?
Yes. He's Canadian. He comes from Canada.
4
Where do they come from? Are they Chinese?

25

Yes. They're Chinese. They come from China.
5
Where does he come from? Is he Finnish?
Yes. He's Finnish. He comes from Finland.
6
Where does she come from? Is she Indian?
Yes. She's Indian. She comes from India.
7
Where do they come from? Are they Japanese?
Yes. They are Japanese. They come from Japan.
8
Where do they come from? Are they Nigerian?
Yes. They're Nigerian. They come from Nigeria.
9
Where does she come from? Is she Turkish?
Yes. She's Turkish. She comes from Turkey.
10
Where does she come from? Is she Korean?
Yes. She's Korean. She comes from Korea.
新概念第一册
55-56
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
go to work,
上班。

由动词

go
引导的短语课文中还有：
go to school
（上学）
，

go to bed
（上床睡觉）。请注意

work, school
以及

bed
之前
不带任何冠词。


2
．
stay at home,
呆在家里
。


与

stay home
在意思上相差无几。
前者中的

home
是名
词，后者中的
home
是副词。


3
．
do the housework,
料理家务。

housework
是不可数名词。
请比较：
do the homework
（做
作业）。


4
．
at night,
在夜里。


如果说某日夜里，则用介词

on:
on the night of June 2
在
6
月
2
日的夜里


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时
（
2
）
（请参见

Lessons 47
～
48
语法部分。
）


一般现在时用于表示 一个习惯动作、
有规律的行为以及
永恒的现象。
一般与时间频度副词和时间短语连用。
这些时
间短语有：

every day/week/month/year
每日／周／月／年

in the morning/afternoon/evening
在上午／下午／晚上

at noon/night
在正午／夜里


第
3
人称单数的谓语动词需加以变化，
这可分为几种情
况：


（
1
）
一
般
情
况
在
动
词
后
面
直
接
加

-s
，
如
：
want----wants
come ----comes
arrive----arrives

（
2
）以
-s,
-x, -ch,
-sh,
-o
结尾的动词加

-es
，如：
fix---- fixes
wash----washes
go----goes
watch----watches

do----does
（

3
）
以辅音加

-y
结尾的动词，
把

-y
改成

-i
，
再加

-es
；
而元音加

-y
结尾的动词，只加

-s
即可：

hurry ----hurries
carry----carries
play ----plays
stay--
--stays

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
arrive
v.


（
1
）到达；到来：

We arrived home early.
我们很早就到家了。

The
train
is
expected
to
arrive
in
London
at
8.
20
p.
m.
火车预计在晚上
8
点
20
分抵达伦敦。

（
2
）（时间等）来临；（婴儿）出生：

At last the day of graduation arrived.
毕业的那一天终于
来临。

Elizabeth's baby arrived at midnight.
伊丽莎白的婴儿是
在午夜时分降生的。

2
．
live
v.

（
1
）居住；生活：

Frank lives in Paris.
弗兰克居住在巴黎。

Where do you live?
你住在哪儿？

（
2
）活；生存：


Fish can't live long out of water.
鱼离开水活不了多久。


My grandmother lived until she was 94.
我祖母活到了
94
岁。

（
3
）过生活；享受生活乐趣：


At 40 he was just beginning to live.
他到
40
岁才刚刚开
始过上富有意义的生活。

You
haven't
lived
till
you've
been
to Paris.
你没到过巴
黎就算不上享受过生活。

（
4
）靠
……
生活（
by/on
）：

He lives by playing the violin.
他靠拉小提琴为生。

He lives on the fortune left to him by his father.
他靠他
父亲给他留下的财产生活。


3
．
stay
v.

（
1
）呆在，停留：

Mrs. White stays at home every
day.
怀特太太每天都呆
在家中。

（
2
）逗留；暂住：

We
were
staying
at
the
same
hotel.
我们住在同一家饭
店。

（
3
）持续；保留：

The house has to stay exactly as it was.
这所房子必须完
全保持原来的样子。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 56
A
1
The children go to school in the morning.
2
Their father takes them to school.
3
Mrs. Sawyer stays at home.

26

4
She does the housework.
5
She always eats her lunch at noon.
B
1
What does she do in the morning?
She always makes
the bed in the morning.
2
What does he do in the morning?
He always shaves
in the morning.
3
What
do
they
do
in
the
evening?
They
sometimes
listen to the stereo in the evening.
4
What
does
he
do
every
day?
He
always
cleans
the blackboard every day.
5
What do they do at night?
They always go to
bed early at night.
6
What does she do every day?
She usually washes
the dishes every day.
7
What do they do in the afternoon?
They usually type
some letters in the afternoon.
8
What
does
it
do
every
day?
It
usually
drinks
some milk every day.
9
What
do
they
do
in
the
evening?
They
sometimes
watch television in the evening.
10
What does she do at noon?
She always eats her
lunch at noon.
11
What does he do in the evening?
He often reads his
newspaper in the evening.
新概念第一册
57-58
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
by car,
乘汽车。

by
（乘坐）表示
“
乘坐（某种交通工具）< br>”
，但它必须与
动词连用。表交通工具的名词前不加冠词：

by boat
乘船

by bus
乘公共汽车

by plane
乘飞机

by sea
乘船


2
．
on foot,
步行。


语法

Grammar in use


一般现在时与现在进行时


一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的动作；
现
在进行时表示说话时 正在发生的动作，动作还没有完成。

一般现在时表示永久的情况；进行时表示暂时的情况。

进行时只用于表示动作或偶尔发生的事件（
We
are
eating,
it
is
raining
等等）。有些动词（如

like,
want,
know
等）不是动作动词，因此不能用进行时态，如不能说

I
am
knowing
或
We are liking
，而只能说

I know
或

We like
。

一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作，
通常与时间频度副词
连用，
如

usually, always, often, sometimes, never
等；
现在进
行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，一般与

now,
at
the
moment, today, this afternoon, this evening, tonight
等连用。

We usually watch television at night. But we are listening
to the stereo tonight.

我们通常晚上看电视。但是今晚我们正在听立体声节
目。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
play

（
1
）
v.
玩，做游戏：

The children are playing in the garden.
孩子们正在花园
里玩耍。

（
2
）
v.
参加（体育活动、比赛等）：

Let's play chess!
咱们来下棋吧！

He likes playing basketball.
他喜欢打篮球。

（
3
）
n.
玩耍；娱乐：

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工作而不
娱乐会使人变呆的。


2
．
cook

（
1
）
v.
烹调；煮，烧：

She
cooked
a
lovely
meal
for
her
husband.
她为丈夫做
了一顿美餐。

The beef is not cooked enough.
牛肉煮得不够熟。

（
2
）
n.
厨子，炊事员：

Tom works as a cook in a local restaurant.
汤姆在当地的
一家餐馆当厨子。

My dad is really a good cook.
我爸爸烹调手艺特棒。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 58
A
1
She usually drinks tea in the morning, but this morning,
she is drinking coffee.
2
They
usually
play
in
the
garden
in
the
afternoon,
but
this afternoon, they are playing in the park.
3
He usually washes the dishes at night, but tonight he is
washing clothes.
B
1
What does she usually do in the morning?
She usually
drinks tea in the morning.

What is she doing this morning?
She is drinking coffee.
2
What
do
they
usually
do
in
the
afternoon?
They
usually play in the garden in the afternoon.
What are they doing this afternoon?
They are swimming
in the river.

3
What
do
you
usually
do
in
the
evening?
I
usually
cook a meal in the evening.
What
are
you
doing
this
evening?
I
am
reading
a
book
this evening.
4
What do you usually do at night?
We usually watch
television at night.
What
are
you
doing
tonight?
We
are
listening
to
the
stereo tonight.
新概念第一册
59-60
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
writing paper,
信纸。

pape r
意为
“
纸
”
、
“
纸张
”
时是不 可数名词，
一张纸应是

a
sheet of paper
或

a piece of paper
。类似的名词还有：
glue(a
bottle of glue
一瓶胶水）；
chalk(a box/piece of chalk
一盒／
枝粉笔）；
ink (a bottle of ink
一瓶墨水）。


2
．
I only have small boxes.
我只有小盒的。


boxes
后省略了

of chalk
。


3
．
Do you want one?
您要一盒吗？


one
代替

one small box of chalk
。


4
．
What else do you want?
您还要什么吗？

What else…?
可以看成是表示疑 问的一个句式，
意思是
“
还有什么
……
吗？
”else常接在疑问代词、不定代词及疑问
副词后面，表示
“
此外
”
、< br>“
别的
”
、
“
其他的
”
。又如：

Who else is from New York?
还有谁是从纽约来的？

When
else
shall
we
meet
again?
什么其他的时间我们
再见面？

What else did he say?
他还说了些什么？


语法

Grammar in use

完全动词

have
（
1
）


完全动词
have< br>的意思相当于
“
拥有
”
、
“
具有
”
，
have
当
“
拥
有
”
讲时，
可用于所有 的一般时态，
却不能用于进行时态
（
is
having, are having
等）。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
change
n.

（
1
）找头；零钱：

Here is your change.
这是你的零头。

I have no change about me.
我身边没有零钱。

（
2
）变化；转换：

Roast
beef
is
a
welcome
change
from
the
usual
tasteless
food.
烤牛肉与平素无味的饭菜比起来实在是一种让人欣喜
的变化。

Let's go to a French restaurant for a change.
咱们去家法
国餐馆吧，换换口味。


2
．
size
n.

（
1
）（衣服、鞋、帽等的）尺码，号：


27
What size does she want?
她想要几号的？

This blouse is your size.
这件衬衣是你这号尺码的。

（
2
）（尺寸、体积、规模、身材等的）大小；（数量）
多少：

There are houses of all sizes in that town.
那个镇上有着
大大小小各式房子。

We have chosen some boys all of the same size.
我们选
出了一些个头一般高的男孩子。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 60
A
1
I don't have any grapes, but I have some peaches.
2
I don't have any tomatoes, but I have some potatoes.
3
I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.
4
I don't have any glue, but I have some ink.
5
I
don't
have
any
envelopes,
but
I
have
some
writing
paper.
B
1
I don't have any honey, but I have some jam.
2
Penny
and
I
don't
have
any
beans,
but
we
have
some
potatoes.
3
Penny
and
Sam
don't
have
any
wine,
but
they
have
some beer.
4
Sam
and
I
don't
have
any
bread,
but
we
have
some
biscuits.
5
Sam
and
Penny
don't
have
any
grapes,
but
they
have
some bananas.
6
I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.
7
The children don't have any butter, but they have some
eggs.
8
I don't have any lettuces, but I have some cabbages.
9
Penny
and
I
don't
have
any
beans,
but
we
have
some
peas.


新概念第一册
61-62
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
fell ill,
感觉病了；
look ill,
看起来有病
。


前者指自我感觉，后者指外表形象。
ill
是表语，
look
和
f eel
都是系动词，可像
am/is/are
那样，后面跟形容词。


2
．
…so he must stay in bed for a week.……
因此他必须
卧床休息一周。

so
表示
“
因此
”
、
“
所以
”
。
for
可以 引出一段时间，表示某
个动作持续多少时间。又如：

for two hours each day
每天
两小时


3
．
That's good news for Jimmy.
对吉米来说，
这可是个
好消息。


28
句中的
news
是不可数名词，不是复数形式。在英语中，
有些以
-s
结尾的名词可作单数使用，又如：
mumps
（腮腺
炎），
meas les
（麻疹）。


4
．
She has a headache.
她头疼。


根据现代英语习惯，
heada che
前常用不定冠词
a
。其他
ache
型的复合词也多用不定冠词 ，如：
an earache
（耳疼），
a toothache
（牙疼），
a stomach ache
（胃疼）。


5
．
take/have an aspirin,
服／吃一片阿司匹林。


6
．
have

a

temperature
,
发烧。
= have a fever.


She has a high fever.
她在发高烧。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．完全动词

have
（
2
）

have
（和

have
got
）常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词连用。
关于与这种名词连用的 不定冠词
a/an
的用法可有几种情况：


（
1
）必须用不定冠词，如

a cold
（感冒），
a headache
（头疼），
a sore throat
（嗓子疼）：

I have a headache/cold.
我头疼／感冒了。


（
2
）不定冠词可用可不用，如

catch(a)cold
（患感冒），
have(a)backache/stomach ache/toothache
（患背痛／胃痛／牙
疼等）：

I've had(a) toothache all night.
我牙疼了一整夜。

（

3
）
复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠词。
如

measles
（
麻
疹），
mumps
（流行性腮腺炎），
shingles
（带状疱疹）：

Most
children
are
in
bed
with mumps.
大多数孩子们都
得了流行性腮腺炎，躺在床上。


（
4
）
被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词，
如
flu
（流
行性感冒），
gout
（痛风），
hepatitis
（肝炎） 等：

I was in bed with flu for ten days.
我因患流感，卧床
10
天。

the
也可以与

flu
，
measles
和

mumps
等词连用，如：

He's
got
the
flu/the
measles/the
mumps.
他得了流感／
麻疹／腮腺炎。


2
．
must(2)

must
是情态助动词（如can
一样），它本身没有时态、
性或数的变化，也不能单独作谓语动词（简短回答除外） 。
must
表示
“
必要性
”
，即某人必须做某事。
（请参见

Lessons
29
～
30
语法部分。）


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
feel
v.

（
1
）觉得；感到；意识到：

I
could
feel
rain
on
my
face.
她感觉到雨点打在我的脸
上。

He's feeling a little better today.
他今天感觉好点了。

（
2
）摸，触；（客体）给人某种感觉：


He felt his pockets and then took out a small box.
他摸摸
他的口袋，然后取出一个小盒子。

The silk feels very smooth.
丝绸摸上去很滑爽。


（
3
）认为；以为；相信：


I feel that he has made a mistake.
我认为他犯了一个错
误。


I feel it unnecessary to do so.
我认为这样做没必要。


2
．
remember
v.

（
1
）记得；回忆：

Can
Mrs.
Williams
remember
the
doctor's
telephone
number?
威廉斯太太记得起医生的电话号码吗？

I remember he used to dress in a blue suit.
我记得他从前
常穿一套蓝色衣服。


（
2
）记住；牢记；不忘记：

I
tried
hard
to
remember
the
long
passage
of
Shakespeare.
我努力记住莎士比亚的大段说白。

Remember
your
appointment
with
the dentist.
别忘了你
和牙医的预约。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 62

A
1
He has a cold.
2
He can't go to work.
3
He is not well.
4
He feels ill.
5
He must see a doctor.
6
He does not like doctors.
B
1
What's the matter with Elizabeth?
Does she have an earache?
No, she doesn't have an earache.
She has a headache.
So she must take an aspirin.
2
What's the matter with George?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.
He has an earache.
So he must see a doctor.
3
What's the matter with Jim?
Does he have a stomach ache?
No, he doesn't have a stomach ache.
He has a toothache.
So he must see a dentist.
4
What's the matter with Jane?
Does she have a toothache?
No, she doesn't have a toothache.
She has a stomach ache.
So she must take some medicine.

29

5
What's the matter with Sam?
Does he have a stomach ache?
No, he doesn't have a stomach ache.
He has a temperature.
So he must go to bed.
6
What's the matter with Dave?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.
He has flu.
So he must stay in bed.
7
What's the matter with Jimmy?
Does he have a headache?
No, he doesn't have a headache.
He has measles.
So we must call the doctor.
8
What's the matter with Susan?
Does she have an earache?
No, she doesn't have an earache.
She has mumps.
So we must call the doctor.

新概念第一册
63-64
课文详解及练习答案


课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
play with,
玩
……
（东西）。

The children are playing with a toy car in the garden.
孩
子们正在花园玩一辆玩具汽车。


2
．
make a noise,
搞出声响。

noi se
是抽象名词。抽象名词是不可数的，前面加不定
冠词
a
并不意味
1
、
2
、
3
、
4
等数目，只是赋予那个名词具体的含义，如一次、一种、一例、一番等。又如：

have a rest
休息一下

take a look at…

看一眼
……


3
．
lean out of the window,
把身子探出窗外。

out of
是介词短语，
与

in
或

into
相对，
表示
“
离开
”
、
“
脱
离
”
。


语法

Grammar in use


禁令

don't
与
mustn't
都可用 来表示禁令。用
mustn't
表示
“
禁止
”
或
“
不许可
”
，语气比较强烈。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
keep
v.

（
1
）使保持某状态；保持：

Keep the room warm.
使房间保持温暖。

Keep the fire burning.
不要让火熄灭了。


（
2
）保存；保留：

He would not be able to keep his job.
他恐怕保不住他
那份工作了。

If you like it, just keep it.
你如果喜欢的话，那把它留下
来吧。


（
3
）保守；储藏：

Please keep this secret.
请保守这一秘密。

Would you keep my things for me while I'm away?
在我
离开的这段时间里，你能为我保管一下东西吗？


2
．
remain
v.

（
1
）留下；停留：

You'd better remain at home.
你最好留在家里。

We're going to remain in Rome for another two days.
我
们准备再在罗马逗留两天。


（
2
）保持不变：

It will remain cold for a couple of days.
天气还将持续冷
几天。

Most people remained silent at the meeting.
多数人在会
上保持沉默。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 64

A
1
Jimmy is better now but he mustn't get up yet.
2
Jimmy has a cold and he must stay in bed.
3
Jimmy can get up for two hours each day.
4
Jimmy often reads in bed.
5
Jimmy listens to the stereo, too.
6
Jimmy doesn't feel ill now.
B
1
Don't
take
any
aspirins!
You
mustn't
take
any
aspirins!
2
Don't
take
this
medicine!
You
mustn't
take
this
medicine!
3
Don't call the doctor!
You mustn't call the doctor!
4
Don't
play
with
matches!
You
mustn't
play
with
matches!
5
Don't
talk
in
the
library!
You
mustn't
talk
in
the
library!
6
Don't make a noise!
You mustn't make a noise!
7
Don't
drive
so
quickly!
You
mustn't
drive
so
quickly!
8
Don't
lean
out of
the
window!
You
mustn't
lean
out
of the window!
9
Don't break that vase!
You mustn't break that vase!


新概念第一册
65-66
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What are you going to do this evening, Jill?
今晚你
打算干什么，吉尔？


30
由
every,
this,
next
等词开头的时间状语前面通常不加
介词。


2
．
I'm going to meet some friends, Dad.
我打算去看几
个朋友，爸爸。

dad
和
mum
前如没有所有格代词或名词所有格作修饰
语，就特指自己的父母亲，要大写。
father和
mather
也是如
此。


3
．
Jill's eighteen years old, Tom.
吉尔都
18
岁了，汤
姆。


表示
“
几岁
”
，一般由基数词
+
year(s)
old
构成。在口语
中，
year(s)old
往往可以省去，而只 用数字表示年龄。如：

She is eighteen.
她
18
岁。


4
．
That's all right.
不用谢。


当别人表示感谢时，可以作出如是回答。还可以说
You're welcome/Not at all/Don't mention it.

5
．
Bye- bye.
再见。


非正式的告别语，语气较随便。非正式的告别语还有

So
long,See
you
或

I'll
be
seeing
you
等。正式的告别语是

Goodbye
，而夜里向人告别时用

Good night
。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．反身代词

（
1
）当宾语和主语是同一个人时，一般需要用反身代
词：

He cut himself when he was shaving this morning.
今天
早晨刮胡子时，他把脸刮破了。

The
old
lady
is
talking
to
herself.
那位老妇人正在自言
自语。


（2
）
反身代词也可与名词连用，
表达
“
就是那个人而不
是别人
”
的意思：

We went there ourselves.
我们自己去那儿了。

They wanted to finish the work themselves.
他们想靠自
己来完成这项工作。


2
．时间与日期


（
1
）钟点表达法


在某个钟点的
1
到
30
分钟内，
我们常用

past
表示，
如
8
点
20
分时我们可以说
tw enty
past
eight
；如果时间是在某
个钟点的
31< br>分到下一个整点，我们则常用介词
to
，但要注
意钟点及分钟的变换。如
6
点
47
分我们通常会将之换算为
7
点差
13
分 ，即

thirteen to seven
。

以上两种情况也可以用直接读出钟点和分钟的方式来
表达：

eight twenty
8
点
20
分

six forty-seven
6
点
47
分


表示在什么时间通常都需用介词

at
：

He goes to school at 7. 30.
他
7
点半上学。


（
2
）通常使用介词

on
表示星期几（如

on Monday
在
星期一）
、
一天中的某段时间
（如

on Monday morning
在星
期一早上）、日期（如

on April 1st
在
4
月
1
日）、星期几
+
日期（如

on Monday,April 1st
在
4
月
1
日，星 期一）、具
体时间
（如

on that day
在那一天）
、
周年纪念日
（如

on your
birthday
在你的生日）以及节日（如

on Christmas Day
在圣
诞节）等。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
enjoy
v.

（
1
）过得快活：

She enjoyed herself in the vacation.
她假期过得愉快。


（
2
）乐于；喜爱：

I enjoy your company.
我乐意与你呆在一起。


（
3
）享有，享受：

We all enjoy our legal rights.
我们都享有自己的合法权
利。


2
．
hear
v.

（
1
）听见：

He listened but could hear nothing.
他留神地听，但什么
也没有听到。

Do you hear?
你听见了吗？


（
2
）倾听，认真听：

Please hear her.
请听她讲。

We'd better hear what he has to say.
我们最好还是听听
他要说些什么。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 66
A
1
I am going to see him at ten o'clock.
2
It often rains in November.
3
Where do you come from? I come from France.
4
I always go to work in the morning.
5
What's the climate like in your country?
6
It's cold in winter and hot in summer.
B
1
She must go to the library at 1. 15.
2
Sam and I must see the dentist at 3. 45.
3
I must type this letter at 2. 00.
4
Sam and Penny must see the boss at 1. 30.
5
George must take his medicine at 3. 15.
6
Sophie must arrive in London at 2. 30.
7
You must catch the bus at 3. 30.
8
I must arrive there at 3. 00.
9
They must come home at 2. 15.
10
I must meet Sam at 1. 45.
11
He must telephone me at 2. 45.


新概念第一册
67-70
课文详解及练习答案


31
课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
hundreds of,
数以百计的。


这是用来表示不定数量的复数形式。类似的结构还有
thousands of
（数以千计的），

millions of
（数以万计的）。
但必须注意：说

five
hundred
（五百，
500
），
six
thousand
（六千，

6
，
000
），
two million
（两百万，
200
万）等时，
hundred,
thousand,
million
这些词因为之前有具体数字而本
身不加
-s
。


2
．
at the race,
观看比赛。


这里的
at
是
“
出席
”
、
“
在某场合”
的意思。


3
．
Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too.
我们的朋
友朱莉和杰克也去了。


Julie and Jack
是

Our friends
的同位语。


4
．
car number fifteen,
第

15
号车。


在表示编了号的东西时，可以用基数词表示顺序：

Lesson
67
第

67
课

Page
2
第

2
页

Bus
No.
332
第

332
路公共汽车

Question 10
第

10
个问题

语法

Grammar in use


用介词
at, on
和
in
的时间短语


（
1
）用介词


at
的时间短语通常可表示：
确切的时间
（如

at 10 o' clock 10
点钟时），用餐时间（如

at lunchtime
午餐时），其他时刻
（如

at noon
中午时），节日（如

at Christmas
圣诞节时），
年龄（如

at the age of 27 27
岁时）等。


介词
at
可表示地点，通常用于某个小地点之前：


at the bus
－
stop
在公共汽车站


at the railway station
在火车站


at the butcher's
在肉店


at school
在学校


at the office
在办公室


at home
在家


（
2
）
介词
on
用于周和月份中的任何一天之前。
请参见
Lessons 65
～
66
语法部分。


（
3
）用介词
in
的时间短语通常可表示：

一天中的某段时间（如

in the evening
在晚上），月份
（如

in March
在

3
月），年份（如

in 1997
在

1997
年），
季节（如

in spring
在春天），


世纪（如

in the 20th century
在
20
世纪），节日（如
in
Easter week
在复活节那一周），时期（如

in the holidays
在
假期里）等。

词汇学习

Word study


1
．

stand
v.

（
1
）站立，起立：

We were standing on the right.
我们当时站在右边。

They stood because there were no seats.
没有座位，
所以
他们只好站着。


（
2
）（建筑物）直立，耸立；（植物）直立生长：

The
white
house
stands on
a
hill.
那幢白色的房子耸立
在小山上。

Look at the corn standing in the fields!
瞧那长在地里的
玉米！


2
．
finish
n.

（
1
）结束；最后阶段（或部分）：

The finish of the race was very exciting.
比赛的最后一
个阶段十分激动人心。

At eleven the dinner finally dragged to a finish.
宴会拖
到
11
点才结束。


（
2
）完美，完善；（举止等）优雅：

His dancing lacks finish.
他的舞跳得并不完美。

We hoped that four years of college would give him some
finish.
我们希望
4
年的大学教育会使他有些教养。

练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 70
A
1
We were at the stationer's on Monday.
2
We were there
at
four o'clock.
3
They were in Australia in September.
4
They were there in spring.
5
On November 25th, they were in Canada.
6
They were there in 1990.
B
1
Where were you and Susan on March 23rd?

We were at the office on March 23rd.
2
Where were Sam and Penny in 1986?

They were in India in 1986.
3
Where were you and Penny on Saturday?

We were at the baker's on Saturday.
4
Where were Sam and Penny in 1993?

They were in Canada in 1993.
5
Where were you and Penny in August?

We were in Austria in August.
6
Where were Sam and Penny on May 25th?

They were at home on May 25th.
7
Where were you and Penny in December?

We were in Finland in December.
8
Where were you and Sam on February 22nd?

We were at school on February 22nd.


新概念第一册
71-72
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
What's Ron Marston like, Pauline?
波琳，朗
·
马斯
顿是怎样一个人？


32
What
is
sb.
like?
这一句式可用来询问某人 的外貌或品
行。
就本课的具体情况而言，
波琳的回答更多地是指马斯顿
的品行 如何。


2
．
He telephoned me four times yesterday…
他昨天给
我打了
4
次电话
……

four
times,
4
次。

time
在 英语中作不可数名词时表示
“
时间
”
；作可数名词时表示
“
次数
”
。请注意英语中次数的表
示法：

once 1
次

twice
两次

three times 3
次

3
次或

3
次以上通常都用基数词

times
表示：

five
times 5
次

thirty times 30
次


3
．

the day before yesterday,
前天。


4
．
answer the telephone,
接电话。


口语中也常用

answer the phone
。
类似的短语如：
answer
the door
／
doorbell
应声开门

answer a letter
回信


5
．
She can't speak to you now!
她现在不能同你讲话！

speak to sb.
意为
“
与某人说话
”
。例如打电话时可以说：

May I speak to Pauline, please?
请让波琳接电话好吗？

I'
d
like
to
speak
to
Pauline,
please.
我想请波琳听电
话。


6
．
This is Pauline's mother.
我是波琳的母亲。

This
is …
是英美人打电话时表示
“
我是
……”
的句式，而
不说
I'm…
。相关的电话用语如：

This is Mary speaking.
我是玛丽。

This is Edward calling from London.
我是爱德华，现正
在伦敦给你打电话。


语法

Grammar in use


一般过去时
（
2
）

（请参见

Lessons 67
～
68
语法部分。
）

b e
动词以外的动词在一般过去时中一般有两种形式。
规则动词一般是在动词后面加
-e d
，如

answered
；以
-e
结尾
的规则动 词加
-d
，
如

telephoned, arrived
。
另一部分动词的过
去式拼写不规则，因此称为不规则动词，如：
say---- said,
do----did
。


用一般过去时的句子中常常有表示过去某一时刻的时
间状语，如本课中的

yesterday
（昨天），
the
day
before
yesterday
（前天）
，
yesterday morning
（昨天上午）
，
yesterday
afternoon
（昨天下午）
，
yesterday evening
（昨天晚上）
，
last
night
（昨夜）。


词汇学习

Word study


answer
（
1
）
v.
对
……
作出反应；响应：

Who answered the telephone?
谁接的电话？

Mary took a few
minutes to answer the door.
玛丽拖了
几分钟时间才去开门。


（
2
）
v.
回答；答复：

I don't think you've answered my question.
我认为你没
有回答我的问题。

I wrote him several letters but couldn't get an answer.
我
给他写了好几封信，可都没有回音。


（
3
）
n.
答案；解决办法：

Do you know the answer to Question 10?
你知道第
10
题的答案吗？

This
is
one
of
the
possible
answers
to
today's
environmental
problems.
这是有可能解决当今环境问题的
办法之一。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 72
A
1 It is raining now. It rained yesterday.

2 It is snowing now. It snowed yesterday.

3 He is boiling some eggs. He boiled some yesterday.

4 We are enjoying our lunch. We enjoyed it yesterday, too.

B
1 What did they do yesterday?
They cleaned their shoes
yesterday.

2
What
did
he
do
last
night?
He
opened
the
box
last
night.

3 What did they do this morning?
They sharpened their
pencils this morning.

4
What
did
she
do
this
evening?
She
turned
on
the
television this evening.

5
What
did
she
do
last
night?
She
listened
to
the
radio last night.

6 What did she do yesterday
morning?
She boiled an
egg yesterday morning.

7 What did they do yesterday afternoon?
They played a
game yesterday afternoon.

8
What
did
he
do
in
the
morning
the
day
before
yesterday?
He
stayed
in
bed
in
the
morning
the
day
before
yesterday.

9
What
did
she
do
yesterday
evening?
She
telephoned her husband yesterday evening.

10 What did she do the night before last?
She called the
doctor the night before last.


新概念第一册
73-74
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
She does not know London very well.
她对伦敦不很
熟悉。

k now…well
这一短语意为
“
对
……
了解
”
。
又如：

I don't
know him very well.
我不太了解他。


33

2
．
…,

and she lost her way. ……
因此她迷路了。

句中的

and
当
“
所以
”
讲，
表示结果。

lose one's way,
迷
路。


3
．
ask(sb.) the way,
（向某人）问路。


4
．
say to oneself,
心中暗想。

注意：
talk to oneself
意为
“
自言自语地说
”
。


5
．
Can you tell me the way to King Street, please?
您
能告诉我到国王街怎么走吗？

tell sb. the way(to),
告诉某人（去
……
的）路。


6
．
cut himself
＝

cut his face
。

以
整
体
代
替
部
分< br>是
英
语
中
的
一
种
修
辞
格< br>，
叫
提
喻
（
synecdoche
）。


语法

Grammar in use


1
．副词

副词（
adverb
）这个词的本意是补充动词 的意义。这就
是许多副词的作用。
它们可以通过修饰动词告诉我们有关句
中某个动作的 情况，
也就是告诉我们某事是如何、
何时、
何
地等发生或进行的。


副词可以是单个的词（如

slowly
）或词组（如

very
well
）。单一副词既有以
-ly
结尾的也有不以-ly
结尾的（如

quickly,
fast
）。

形容词向副词的转换一般遵循
3
个规则：


（
1
）在形容词后面直接加
-ly
，如：

quick----quickly
hurried---- hurriedly
pleasant----
pleasantly
warm----warmly

（
2
）以
-y
结尾的形容词，则把
-y
改成
-i
，再加
-ly
，
如：

thirsty----thirstily
happy ----happily
（
3
）
形
容
词
与
副
词
形
式
相
同
：
如
：

late----late
fast----fast
hard----hard
well----well
2
．部分不规则动词的过去式形式

go----went
see----saw
understand---- understood

take----took
read ----read
／
red
／

drink---- drank
run----ran
know----knew
say----said
put----put

cut----cut

eat----ate
meet----met
come----came
lose---- lost
tell----told
speak---- spoke
find--
--found
give ----gave
swim----swam have---- had

词汇学习

Word study


1
．
lose
v.

（
1
）迷失；（使）迷路：

She
did
not
know
London
very
well,
and
she
lost
her
way.
她对伦敦不很熟悉，因此迷了路。

It's very easy to lose your way in a strange city.
在一个
陌生的城市里，你很容易迷路。


（
2
）失去；丧失：

He lost his sight in a car accident.
他在一起汽车交通事
故中失明了。

She has just lost her job because of carelessness.
她刚刚
因疏忽大意而丢了工作。


（
3
）遗失；丢失：

I can't enter my house because I've lost my key on my way
home.

我进不了自己的房子，因为在回家的路上我把钥匙丢
了。

We lost her in the crowd.
我们在人群中找不见她了。


2
．
understand

v.


（
1
）理解；懂：

He doesn't understand English and you can try French.
他
不懂英语，你可以试试法语。

I don't understand what you mean.
我不明白你的意思。


（
2
）明了；了解；得知：

How the machine works is still not fully understood.
这台
机器到底是如何运转的仍未被完全弄清楚。

Only
today
have
I
begun
to
understand
the
political
situation in Northern Ireland.
直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 74
A
1
He read the phrase slowly.
2
He worked lazily.
3
He cut himself badly.
4
He worked carefully.
5
The door opened suddenly.
B
(sample sentences)
1
He does not know me very well.
2
She worked very hard.
3
She smiled pleasantly.
4
The bus went hurriedly.
5
He shaved slowly.
6
She drank a glass of water thirstily.
7
He greeted me warmly.
8
We enjoyed ourselves very much.

新概念第一册
75-76
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Do you have any shoes like these?
像这样的鞋你们
有吗？


这个句子里的

like
these
是介词短语作定语，修饰

shoes
，意思是
“
像这样的鞋子
”
。


2
．

What size?
什么尺码的？


这是一个省略句，后面省略了

do you want
。下文中的

What colour?
同样也是省略句。

what size
通常用来询问服
装、鞋子、手套等的尺寸，即什么号码：


34
What size do you wear?
你穿几码的？


3
．
They are very uncomfortable.
的确很不舒适。


这个句子中的
a re
用斜体表示强调，应重读。这里的强
调表明了售货员对女士所说的话的反感和愤怒。


语法

Grammar in use


一般过去时与时间短语


一般过去时通常与表示确切的过去时间的短语连用。
这
些短语一般是

last+
表示时间的名词、一段时间
+ago
等。

（
1
）

last week
／
month
／
year
／
night
（上星期／上个月
／去年／昨夜）：
Did
you
watch
the
television
last
night?
你昨晚看电视
了吗？

（

2
）

two minutes
／
hours
／
days
／
weeks
／
months
／
years
ago
（两分钟／小时／天／周／月／年前）：

She bought the shoes two months ago.
她两个月之前买
的鞋。


（
3
）
in+
过去某一年：

We first met him in 1980.
我们

1980
年初次见到他。


（
4
）
yesterday
（昨天）
, yesterday evening
（昨天晚上）
,
the week before last
（前一个星期）
, the month before last
（前
一个月）
, the year before last
（
前年）
, the day before yesterday
（前天）
, the night before last
（前天夜里）
:
She
dusted
the
cupboard
the
day
before
yesterday.
她前
天清扫了橱柜。


词汇学习

Word study

1
．
wear
v.

（
1
）穿着；戴着；佩带着：

But women always wear uncomfortable shoes!
可是女人
们总是穿不舒适的鞋子！

Look
at
the beautiful
silk
scarf
she's wearing!
瞧她围着
的那条漂亮的丝绸围巾！

She never wears perfume.
她从不用香水。

（
2
）面带；呈现；保持：

He's wearing a cheerful smile.
他面带着快活的微笑。

He wears his dignity even in great adversity.
他即使身处
逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。


2
．
uncomfortable
adj.

（
1
）不舒服的：

She feels uncomfortable in tight boots.
她穿着紧的长统
靴感到不舒服。

（
2
）不安的；不自在的：

You'll
have
an
uncomfortable
feeling
if
you
sit
there
alone.
如果你独自一人坐在那儿，你会有种不安的感觉。

He often feels uncomfortable with strangers.
与陌生人在
一起他通常感到不自在。


（
3
）令人不舒服的，不舒适的：

This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable.
这双鞋看上
去很不舒适。

It's
really
an
uncomfortable
day!
这真是令人难受的一
天！


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 76
A
1
She met her friends yesterday.
2
They drank some milk yesterday.
3
He swam in the river yesterday.
4
She took him to school yesterday.
5
He cut himself yesterday(morning).
B
1
When
did
you
walk
across
the
park?
I
walked
across the park last week.
2
When
did
you
wash
your
hands?
I
washed
my
hands a minute ago.
3
When did you work in an office?
I worked in an
office the year before last.
4
When
did
you
ask
a
question?
I
asked
a
question five minutes ago.
5
When
did
you
type
those
letters?
I
typed
those
letters a month ago.
6
When
did
you
watch
television?
I
watched
television every day this week.
7
When did you talk to the shop assistant?
I talked to
the shop assistant last month.
8
When did you thank your father?
I thanked
my father an hour ago.
9
When did you dust the cupboard? I dusted the
cupboard three days ago.
10
When
did
you
paint
that
bookcase?
I
painted
that bookcase the year before last.
11
When did you want a car like that one? I wanted a
car like that one a year ago.
12
When
did
you
greet
her?
I
greeted
her a minute ago.

新概念第一册
77-78
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
I want to see the dentist, please.
我想见牙科医生。

I want to see sb., please
这一句式是表示想见某人时常
用的句式之一。


2
．
have an appointment(with sb.)
，
（与某人）有约会。

I have an appointment with my dentist at 3 p.m.
我已约定下午
3
点去看牙医。


35

3
．
Is it urgent?
急吗？

这里的
it
指
“
要见牙医
”
这件事。


4
．
Can you come at 10 a. m. on Monday, April 24th?
您
在

4
月
24
日星期一上午
10
点钟来可以吗？

Can
you come at…
?
这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。
注意英语中 的时间次序一般是由小到大，与汉语正好相反。
又如：
on July 2nd, 1988
（在
1988
年
7
月
2
日）
, at seven on
June 3rd, 1989
（在

1989
年

6
月

3
日

7
点）
。

a. m. (=
ante

meridiem
)
上午，有时写成
A.
M.
或
AM
；下午则是
p.
m.
(=
post

meridiem
)
，有时写成

P. M.
或

PM
。


5
．
I must see…
我必须见
……

比

I want to see…
语气上要更强些，
表达说话人某种强
烈的愿望或需求。


6
．
at the moment,
正在说话的这会儿，此时。


7
．
Can't you wait till this afternoon?
您就不能等到今
天下午了吗？

这是情态助动词的否定疑问句形式，表示请求。


语法

Grammar in use


否定疑问句


否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、
责难的口吻或
赞叹；也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀 请、请求或看法等。
请看下列疑问句的简略否定式：

(
be
:)
Aren't
you
a
student?
难
道
你
不
是
学
生
吗？

Isn't it hot here?
这里难道不热吗？

(
can
:)
Can't
you
wait
a
moment?
你不能等一会儿
吗？

(
have
:)
Haven't I asked you?
难道我没问过你吗？

(
do
:)
Don't you want to stay
with us?
你难道不愿意
与我们呆在一起吗？

(
did
:)
Didn't you see him yesterday?
难道你昨天没看
见他吗？


回答这种问题时用简略回答。
如果答语是肯定的，
就用

Yes；如果答语是否定的，就用
No
。不过，这种答语的汉语
译法有特殊之处。

一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分，
它们的词序是
不同的。


完全式：

Is she not a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗？


简略式：

Isn't she a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗？


词汇学习

Word study


1
．

urgent
adj.

（
1
）紧迫的；急迫的：

There's an urgent message for you.
这里有你的一个要紧
的口信儿。

The
children
in
that
area
are
in
urgent
need
of
medical
attention.
那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。


（
2
）催促的；坚持要求的：

The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent.
哭
喊声越来越响，更加急迫。


2
．
appointment
n.
约会；约定：

I
have
made
an
appointment
with
Doctor
Smith
on
next
Tuesday.
我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。

When
is
your
lunch
appointment?
你与别人共进午餐的
约会定在什么时候？

Once you've made an appointment, you should try to keep
it.
一旦你定好约会的事情，那么你应努力守约。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 78
A
1
She buys
a
new
car
every
year.
She
bought
a new
car
last year.
2
She airs the room every day. She aired it this morning.
3
He often loses his pen. He lost his pen this morning.
4
She always listens to the news. She listened to the news
yesterday.
5
She
empties
this
basket
every
day.
She
emptied
it
yesterday.
B
1
I painted the room in 1996.
2
She met him on 5th November.
3
They arrived a quarter to eleven.
4
He lost his pen on Saturday.


新概念第一册
79-80
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．

And I'm not going to get any!
不过，
我不打算去买！

这里
get
表示
“
买
”
，与
buy
同义：
I'll get a new bike for you.
我将给你买辆新自行车来。

2
．
groceries,
食品杂货。

During the blizzard I was glad I 'd had the foresight to buy
enough groceries.

在那场大风雪中
,
我庆幸自己深谋远虑
,
事先买了足够的
食品杂货


语法

Grammar in use


must
与

need


（
1
）
must
v. aux. [
无时态和人称变化
,
后面接不带

to
的动词不定式
]

[
表示义务、命令或必要
]
必须
,
应当

Soldiers must obey orders.
军人必须服从命令。

We must keep our word.
我们必须遵守诺言。

You must not do it.
你不可以做那件事。


36
We must tell him.
我们必须告诉他。

【说明】过去、未来、完成等式可用

have to
的相应形
式来代替
,
例如
: I must [have to] do it today.
我必须今天做。

I had to do it yesterday.
我本该昨天做。

I
shall
have
to
go
there
some
day.
总有一天我会去那儿
的。


[
表示推断或指具有较大的可能性
]
很可能
;
谅必
[
否定
用
cannot be, could not have +p.p]
You must be very tired.
你一定很累了。

He must have earned a large sum of money.
他一定是挣
了一笔巨款。


[
表示主张
]
一定要
,
务必

If it is really lost, it must be found.
如果真丢了
,
一定要
找回来。


[
表示不可避免性或肯定性
]
必然要
,
必定会

Man must die.
人必有一死。


[
表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦
]
偏要

Why must it rain on Sunday?
偏要在星期天下雨
,
讨厌
!
Just
as
I
was
sitting
down
to
supper,
the
telephone
mustring.
正当我坐下来用晚餐时
,
偏偏电话铃响了。


[
表示请求
]
Must I go now?
我现在可以走了吗
?
n. [
口
]
必须做的事
,
必需的东西

The new film is an absolute must.
这部新片不可不看。

adj. [
口
]
绝对需要的
,
不可缺的

must legislation
不可缺少的立法

This is a must book for your reading.
这是一本你必须要
读的书。


（
2
）
n eed
表示
“
需要
”
、
“
必须
”
。作助动词时多用于疑
问句和否定句，如：

Need I make an appointment?
我需要约一下时间吗？

You need not hurry.
你不必太匆忙。

need
也可作实义动词，
这 时就要有人称、
数及时态上的
变化，疑问句中也需用助动词

do
。如：

We need a lot of things this week.
我们这周需要许多东
西。

He needs some money.
他需要一些钱。

Do you need any sugar?
你需要一些糖吗？

What
do
they
need
this
week?
他们这周需要什么东
西？


词汇学习

Word study


1
．
hope

（
1
）
v.
希望；盼望；期待：

I
hope
that
you'll
have
a lovely
vacation.
我希望你能有
一个愉快的假期。

Mark's hoping to study Law at Harvard.
马克盼望着进入
哈佛大学学习法律。

I hope that you've got some money.
我希望你有了些钱。


（
2
）
n.
希望，期望；指望：

We
are
full
of
hope
for
the
future.
我们对未来充满信
心。


（
3
）
n.
期望着的事；被寄予希望的人：

His
hope
is
that
his
son
will
get
married
and
settle
down
soon.
他所希望的是他儿子能早点结婚，安顿下来。

He is a young man of genius, the hope of Russian poetry.
他是一位年轻的天才，是俄罗斯诗歌的希望所在。


2
．
need

（
1
）
v.
需要：

We need some honey.
我们需要些蜂蜜。

Do you need any help?
你需要帮忙吗？

Does he need to know?
他需要知道吗？


（
2
）
n.
需要（物）；必要：

There is no need of worrying.
不必担心。

There's a growing need of new housing in many cities.
许
多城市正面临着对新建房屋的不断增长的需求。

We don't have any urgent need for money.
我们并不急需
钱。


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 80
A
1
I haven't got much butter.
2
You haven't got many envelopes.
3
We haven't got much milk.
4
She hasn't got many biscuits.
5
They haven't got much stationery.
B
1
They need a lot of bread. They haven't got much.

They must go to the baker's to get some bread.
2
She needs a lot of eggs. She hasn't got many.

She must go to the grocer's to get some eggs.
3
They need a lot of magazines. They haven't got many.

They
must
go
to
the
newsagent's
to
get
some
magazines.
4
I need a lot of beef. I haven't got much.


I must go to the butcher's to get some beef.
5
She needs a lot of butter. She hasn't got much.

She must go to the grocer's to get some butter.
6
They need a lot of bananas. They haven't got many.

They must go to the greengrocer's to get some bananas.
7
He needs a lot of medicine. He hasn't got much.

37


He must go to the chemist's to get some medicine.

新概念第一册
81-82
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
No, thanks, Tom.
不，谢谢，汤姆。


在别人请你吃东西时，
如果你吃，
就说
Ok, thanks
／
Oh,
thank you
。如果你不吃，则说
No, thanks
。


2
．

Oh!
噢！


是感叹词，在这里表示惊讶。


3
．
Well,
you're
going
to
have
roast
beef
and
potatoes
again
tonight!
唉，今晚你们又要吃烤牛肉和土豆
了！


是陈述句形式的感叹句。
这里的
well
可理解为感叹词，
表示惊讶。

语法

Grammar in use


完全动词
have
（
3
）

have
可以代替常用动词，表示
eat,
enjoy,
experience,
drink, take
等意义。
这时的
have
是行为动词，
所以与动作有
关，而不像

have
表示
“
具有
”
时（请参见

Lessons 59
～
60
语
法部分）那样表示状态（如

I
have
〈
got
〉
a
car
）。因此，
它可以用于各种时态。


如：

Have a cigarette!
抽根烟吧！

I'm having a drink.
我在喝酒。

We had lunch together today.
我们今天一起吃了午饭。


当
have
不表示
“
有
”
而表示其他意思时，其用法和英语
中 的其他动词相同，意即：在疑问和否定结构中，
have
的
一般现在时和一般过去时形 式必须用
do
，
does
和

did

词汇学习

Word study


1
．

nearly
v.


（
1
）几乎；差不多；差点儿：

The dinner is nearly ready.
饭马上就好。

I nearly missed the train.
我险些赶不上火车。


（
2
）极；密切地：

He resembles a film star nearly.
他酷似一位电影明星。

The
matter
concerns
us
nearly.
这事与我们有切身关
系。


2
．
ready
adj.


（
1
）准备就绪的：

Dinner will be ready in 20 minutes.
20
分钟后就可以开
饭了。

Are you ready to leave?
你是不是准备好这就可以动身
了？


（
2
）预先准备好的；立即可得到的：

The apples are ripe and ready to eat.
苹果完全熟了，随
时可以享用。

We must get the house ready for our guests.
我们必须把
房子收拾停当，以期我们的客人随时入住。


（
3
）快的，立即的：

He gave a ready consent.
他立即爽快地表示同意。

This
new
system
gives
users
readier
access
to
the
data.
这个新系统可以使用户们更快捷地进入数据库。


练习答案

Key to written exercises


Lesson 82

A
1
They ate a meal at a restaurant.

2
We went for a holiday last month.

3
Eat a biscuit.
4
You enjoyed yourself.

5
They are eating their lunch.

6
I drank a glass of milk.

B
1
They are going to have breakfast.

2
They are having lunch.

3
He must have tea.

4
They had dinner.

5
They must have a meal.

6
He is going to have a swim.

7
He is having a bath.

8
He had a haircut.

9
They are having a lesson.

10
They had a party.

11
They must have a holiday.

12
They are going to have a good time.


新概念第一册
83-84
课文详解及练习答案

课文详注

Further notes on the text


1
．
Come in.
进来吧。

Have a cup of tea then.
那么喝杯咖啡吧。

Let's
go
into
the
living
－
room,
Carol.
我们到客厅里去
吧，卡罗尔。


这
3
句都是祈使句。表示请求或命令的句子叫祈使句。
祈使句中主语
you
常 不出现，
谓语动词用原形，
句末用感叹
号或句号。读时用降调。


2
．
I've just had a cup.
我刚喝了一杯。


句中

cup
后省略了

of coffee
。


3
．
We're going to leave tomorrow.
明天我们就要走了。


这里的

are going to
表示
“
打算
”
、
“准备
”
。
请参见

Lessons
37
～
38
语法部分。


语法

Grammar in use


现在完成时


（
1
）在英语中，
现在完成时主要用于以下两种情况：
或
者表示在 过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联
系的动作；
或者表示开始于过去并持续到现在的 动作。
本课
中萨姆所面临的是第
1
种情况，
正是因为他吃了饭，喝过了
咖啡，
也休过假，
因此他谢绝了汤姆的邀请，
并表示今年已
无可能再次休假。


（
2
）现在完成时在汉语中常用
“
了
”
、
“
过
”
或
“
已经
”
来表
示。


（
3
）现在完成时由

have
／
has+
过去分词构成，单数第

3
人称用
has
，其他人称皆用
have
。规则动词的过去分词与
过去 式相同，而不规则动词的过去分词则无统一的规律可
言，需特别加以记忆。

（
4
）

一般现在完成时通常与表示不确定的时间副词或短
语连用如

just, already, before, never, ever, twice, three times
等。


词汇学习

Word study


1
．

leave
v.


（
1
）离开，出发：

The train is going to leave in 5 minutes.
火车将于
5
分钟
后开出。

I'm going to leave Italy.
我准备离开意大利。


（
2
）舍弃；脱离：

John's
wife
left
him
for
another man.
约翰的妻子舍他而
去，投入另一个男子的怀抱。

Alexander
is
leaving
the
company
after
30
years'
service
亚历山大将在为公司服务了
30
年之后离开公司。


（
3
）留给，遗留；委托：

The famous actress left all her money to charity.
这位著名
的女演员将她所有的钱都遗留给了慈善机构。


?Leave it to me, ?he said.

“
这事交给我来办吧，
”
他说道。


2
．
pack
v.


（
1
）打包，装箱：

We are leaving tomorrow and I haven't even started packing
yet.


我们明天就要走了，而我甚至还没开始将行李打包呢。

Don' t forget to pack the mirror!
别忘了把镜子装起来！


（
2
）挤满，塞满：

The movie fans packed the hall.
大厅里挤满了影迷。

The bus was packed with people.
公共汽车里挤满了人


练习答案

Key to written exercises

Lesson 84
A
1
I've already had some.

2
I've already had one.

3
I've already had one.

4
I've already had some.


38