-
it
在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是
“
它
”
,用来指人以 外的一切生物和事物。它的用
形式宾语,强调句型中等。下面我们来详细总结一下
it
的用法,希望对大家的学习都
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分
1
.指 动物和植物。如:
—
It looks like a cat
!
它看上去像只猫!
Where's tea grown
?
It's grown in the southeast of China
.
2
.指代一些无生命的东西。如:
Is it your watch
?
这是你的手表吗?
Look at the rain
!
It's heavy
,
isn't it
?
看这雨!雨很大,对吗?
3
.代替上文提到过的整个事情。如:
Well
,
you mustn't play on the road
.
It's dangerous
.
It was hard work
,
but they really enjoyed it
.
二、用于指代人。
1
.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。如:
—
Who was it
?
是谁(打来的电话)?
—
Was it Susan
?(打电话的)是苏珊吗?
—
Yes
,
it was
.是的,我是。
—
Who is knocking at the door
?谁在敲门?
—
It's me
.是我。
2
.指说话者心目中的那个人。如:
—
Is it your sister
,
Kate
?
(那旧照片上的
baby
)是你姐姐凯特吧?
—
No
!
不是。
—
I know
—
it's you
!
我知道了,(那)是你。
3
.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用
it
来指人。如
The child smiled when it saw its mother
.
这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。
I don't know who it is
.
我不知道他是谁。
注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,
要想一想,不要一看到
it
就把它译成
“
它
”
。)
4
.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用
it
指人。如:
—
Who's that
?那人是谁?
—
Is it Kate
?
是凯特吗?
—
Yes
,
I think you're right
.
It's Kate
.
是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。
1
.表示时间。如:
—
What time is it
?
几点钟?
—
It's ten
.
十点钟。
It's summer in Australia now
.现在澳大利亚是夏天。
特别注意
it
用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中:
(
1
)
It's time
(
for sb
.)
to do sth
./
It's time for sth
.译为
“
是(某人)该干
……
的时
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now
.
我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。
(
2
)
It is
/
has been
+时间段+
since
+一般过去时 。译为
“
自从
……
以来已过了
……
It's three years since he came here
.=
It has been three years since he came here
.=
He h
他到这里已经三年了。
2
.表示距离。如:
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school
.
从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。
3
.表示自然现象。如:
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white
.
有时下雪,大地一片白。
It is very quiet here at the moment
.
眼下这儿很安静。
四、用作形式主语。
英语中常常见到某个句子以
it
开头,< br>it
与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词
1
.
It
+
is
/
was
+形容词+(
for
/
of sb
.)+动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用
性格、品质的,如:
kind
,
good
,
nice
,
clever
等则用
of
。如:
It is interesting to play with snow in winter
.
冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean
.
保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。
注意 :这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词;连系动词
be
也可换用其它连系动词,
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship
.
乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。
It feels strange to have a twin sister
.
有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。
2
.
It
+
will be
/
is
/
was
+形容词+动名词短语。如:
It's bad playing in the street
.
在街上玩是没好处的。
3
.
It
+
is
/
was
+形容词+从句。如:
It's true that he may fall behind the other students
.
他真的可能落后于其他同学。
4
.
It
+
is
/
was
+
one's turn
(
duty
,
pleasure
)
+
to do sth
.意为
“
该轮到某人做某事(
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow
.
明天轮到你值日了。
5
.
It takes
(
sb
.)
some time to do sth
. 意为
“
(某人)花
……
时间做某事
”
。如
It took me a week to finish reading the book
.
我花了一周时间看完这本书。
6
.
It
+
cost
/
costs
+
sb
.+
some money
+
to do sth
.译为
“
某人花多少钱做某事
”
。如:
It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch
.
我买这块新手表花了
260
元。
7
.
It seems
/
seemed
+从句。译为
“
看起来好像
……”
,此结构可以转换成
“seem
+动
It seems that he is ill
.=
He seems to be ill
.
看起来他好像病了。
五、用作形式宾语。
当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免 句子头重脚轻,须将其放
词、名词等充当。如:
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well
.
他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。
We think it no good reading in bed
.
我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。
I think it necessary that we have the meeting
.
我认为开这个会是必要的。
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