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晦涩it在英语中的用法

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-24 06:28
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2021年1月24日发(作者:supervision)
it
在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是



,用来指人以 外的一切生物和事物。它的用
形式宾语,强调句型中等。下面我们来详细总结一下
it
的用法,希望对大家的学习都
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分
1
.指 动物和植物。如:



It looks like a cat


它看上去像只猫!

Where's tea grown

It's grown in the southeast of China


2
.指代一些无生命的东西。如:

Is it your watch


这是你的手表吗?

Look at the rain

It's heavy

isn't it


看这雨!雨很大,对吗?

3
.代替上文提到过的整个事情。如:

Well

you mustn't play on the road

It's dangerous


It was hard work

but they really enjoyed it


二、用于指代人。

1
.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。如:



Who was it


是谁(打来的电话)?



Was it Susan
?(打电话的)是苏珊吗?


Yes

it was
.是的,我是。


Who is knocking at the door
?谁在敲门?


It's me
.是我。

2
.指说话者心目中的那个人。如:



Is it your sister

Kate


(那旧照片上的
baby
)是你姐姐凯特吧?



No


不是。


I know

it's you


我知道了,(那)是你。

3
.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用
it
来指人。如

The child smiled when it saw its mother


这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。

I don't know who it is


我不知道他是谁。

注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,

要想一想,不要一看到
it
就把它译成



。)

4
.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用
it
指人。如:



Who's that
?那人是谁?


Is it Kate


是凯特吗?



Yes

I think you're right

It's Kate


是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。

三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。

1
.表示时间。如:


What time is it


几点钟?


It's ten


十点钟。

It's summer in Australia now
.现在澳大利亚是夏天。

特别注意
it
用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中:


1

It's time

for sb
.)
to do sth
./
It's time for sth
.译为

是(某人)该干
……
的时
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now


我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。


2

It is

has been
+时间段+
since
+一般过去时 。译为

自从
……
以来已过了
……
It's three years since he came here
.=
It has been three years since he came here
.=
He h
他到这里已经三年了。

2
.表示距离。如:
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school


从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。

3
.表示自然现象。如:

Sometimes it snows and the land is all white


有时下雪,大地一片白。

It is very quiet here at the moment


眼下这儿很安静。

四、用作形式主语。

英语中常常见到某个句子以
it
开头,< br>it
与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词
1

It

is

was
+形容词+(
for

of sb
.)+动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用
性格、品质的,如:
kind

good

nice

clever
等则用
of
。如:

It is interesting to play with snow in winter


冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

It's important for us to keep the water clean


保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。

注意 :这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词;连系动词
be
也可换用其它连系动词,
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship


乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。
It feels strange to have a twin sister


有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。

2

It

will be

is

was
+形容词+动名词短语。如:

It's bad playing in the street


在街上玩是没好处的。

3

It

is

was
+形容词+从句。如:

It's true that he may fall behind the other students


他真的可能落后于其他同学。

4

It

is

was

one's turn

duty

pleasure



to do sth
.意为

该轮到某人做某事(
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow


明天轮到你值日了。

5

It takes

sb
.)
some time to do sth
. 意为

(某人)花
……
时间做某事

。如

It took me a week to finish reading the book


我花了一周时间看完这本书。

6

It

cost

costs

sb
.+
some money

to do sth
.译为

某人花多少钱做某事

。如:
It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch


我买这块新手表花了
260
元。

7

It seems

seemed
+从句。译为

看起来好像
……”
,此结构可以转换成
“seem

+动
It seems that he is ill
.=
He seems to be ill


看起来他好像病了。

五、用作形式宾语。

当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免 句子头重脚轻,须将其放
词、名词等充当。如:

He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well


他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。
We think it no good reading in bed


我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。

I think it necessary that we have the meeting


我认为开这个会是必要的。

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