-
`
现在完成时的用法
一、
表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如:你读过那个故事吗?
Have you read that story?
(
“
读
”
这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响为:是否知道故事中的内容)
我买了两个苹果。
I have bought two apples.
(
“
买< br>”
这一动作发生在过去对现在造成的结果是:拥有两个苹果)
(一 )
、构成:
“助动词
have/has+
动词的过去分词”
(二)
、句型结构:
肯定式:主语
+have/has+
过去分词
+
其它。
如:
I have just come back from Qinzhou.
否定式:主语
+have/ has not +
过去分词
+
其它。
如:
I haven’t seen the TV play.
一般疑问句:
Have/ has+
主语
+
过去分词
+
其它
?
如:
Has Jack finished his homework?
回答:肯定:
Yes,
主语
+ have/has .
否定:
No,
主语
+ haven
’
t/ hasn
’
t.
特殊疑问句
:
特殊疑问词
+
一般疑问句?
如:
How long have you had the dog ?
[
当堂检测
]
完成下列句子:
1
.李明还没看过这本书了。
Liming ______ ______
that book ______.
2.
他去看医生了吗?
______he______ ______ see the doctor?
3.
我非常高兴,因为我通过这次英语考试。
I am very happy, because I
______
______ the English exam.
4.
你在这等了多久了
?
______ ______ ______ you _____
here?
5.
妈妈把那本书弄丢了。
Mum_____ _____that book.
6.
你去哪了?
Where_____you_____ ?
(三)
、
常与现在完成时态连用的几个副词:
already
,
just
多用于肯定句中
, yet
,< br>ever
,
never
多用于疑问句和否定句中。如:
1
、
I have already finished my homework.
我已经做完家庭作业。
2
、
she has just had supper.
她刚吃过晚饭。
3
、
Have you ever sung this English song?
你曾唱过这首英文歌吗?
4
、
They haven't done the homework yet.
他们还没有做作业。
5
、
We have never seen an interesting film.
我们从来没有看过有趣的电影。
6
、
We have just come home, and we had a wonderful
weekend.
我们刚刚到家,
我们度过了一个愉快的周末。
7
、
Have you ever been to Guilin?
Yes, I have. I went there a month ago.
I have been there two or three times.
你到过桂林吗?——到过。我一个月前去过那里。
我去过那里两三次了。
8
、
You can come with us to the cinema when you have finished your homework.
你做完功课可以和我们一起
去看戏。
9
、
Most of them have already seen the movie.
他们中大多数人已经看过这部电影了。
10
、
How long have you lived here?
你住在这里多久了?
(四)
、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
:
1
、
一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生联系;
如:
I
finished
reading the book three days ago.
2
、
现在完成时表示某一完成动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况。
如:
I have finished reading the book now
用一般过去时的情况:
1).
当有一个表示过去的时间状语
,
如
: last year , two days ago , yesterday , just now
等时
.
--When did he leave ?
--
We weren’t in last night .
--She often came to help me When we were very young .
2).
单纯谈过去的动作,不涉及它对现在的影响时
.
--What did you have for your lunch?
--When did you have supper?
用现在完成时的情况:
1).
当有一个表示到现在为止这段时间的状,
如
recently , these days , so far , up till now, in the
past 3 years, by the end of
…,
for+
一段时间
以及
since
引导的表示时间的状语从句时
.
--We have learned a lot since we came to this school .
--
I haven’t slept very well these days.
2).
若谈一件已发生的事,主要考虑它对现在的影响的。
-- Have you had your lunch?
-- Do you want more?
Thanks, I have had enough.
[
即学即练
]
用括号里适当的词填空:
1
、
We ___________(see) the film twice, we _____ it yesterday at school.
2
、
—
______ you ______ (read) the book before?
—
Yes, I ______.
—
When ______ you ______it?
—
Last month.
3. Zhaoqing _____ (be) a small city 20 years ago, now it ______________ (become) famous all
over the world.
3
、有些时间状语,如
this morning , tonight , this month
等,可用于现在完成时或一般过去< br>时,但它们表达的意义不一样。用于现在完成时则包括“现在”在内,而用于一般过去时
则与现在 无关。例如;
1). I have read this story this April .
我今年四月份看过这个故事了。
(讲话时仍然是四月份)
2).I read this story this April .
我今年四月份看的这个故事。
(讲话时四月份已过)
3).I have written two letters this morning .
今天上午我写了两封信。
(讲话时仍是上午)
4).I wrote two letters this morning .
今天上午我写了两封信。
(讲话时已是下午或晚上)
Exercise:
—
Why not go to see the film with me?
—
Because I _________ it.
A
、
have seen
B. will see
C. have saw
D. saw
2.
—
Hello! Could I speak to Mr. King, please?
—Sorry, he’s ______ the supermarket.
been at
B. been to
C. been on
D. gone to
3. I ______ already _____ my homework, I _______ it last night.
have, finished, have finished
have , finished, finished
finished, have finished
4.
—
Have you ______ your breakfast?
—
Yes, I have.
—
When ____ you _____ it?
—
1 hour ago.
had, have
had
B. do,
have , had
C. had, did, have
D. had, have, have
二、
.
表示过去某一时 间开始并一直延续到现在,甚至还可能继续下去。常和表示从过去
某一时刻延续到现在
(
包括“现在”在内
)
的一段时间状语连用。
一段时间的表达方法有两种
:
for +
一段时间
:
for a year , for two weeks,
for three years
since +
过去的某一时刻
:
since last
week.
一般过去时态的时间状语从句
:
since you came
since you got home.
1).They have lived here for ten years .
2). She has taught in this school since three years ago.
3).We have known each other since we were very young.
注意:用于这种用法中的动词必须是表示连续的动作或状态的词,
如:
li ve
、
work
、
teach
、
study
、stay
、
wait
、
know
、
be
、have
、
learn
、
wear
、
walk
、
sleep
等,这类动词叫做“延续性动词”
。
英语中还有另 一种动词,
如:
die
、
buy
、
join
、marry become
、
begin
、
fall
、
come
、
go
、
hear
、
die
、
c lose
、
open
、
leave
、
borrow
、
等,
它们只表示短暂的动作,
不能表示一个延续的状态,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
本文更新与2021-01-24 10:00,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/560128.html
-
上一篇:一到十新婚祝福成语
下一篇:(完整版)小学英语一般现在时用法及习题(含答案)