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理疗英语常见六大时态总结

作者:高考题库网
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2021-01-24 10:08
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2021年1月24日发(作者:sourceforge)
英语常见六大时态

一般现在时
是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一,是初中英语语法重点。它表示

1)
经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。例如:
I go to school on foot.
He is very busy now.

2)
表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。例如:

He can swim.
I work hard.
I like watching TV.

3)
表示客观真理

例如:
. There are seven days in a week.
The moon moves round the earth.


其结构按正常语序,即

主语
+
谓语
+
其它

,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提前
.
其句式变
化可分为两种情况


1)
表示动作,

一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词
don’t
;变一般疑问句须在句< br>首加助动词
do


例如
They have lunch at 12:00.
They

don’t
have lunch at 12:00.

Do
they have lunch at 12:00?

2
)单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词
do esn’t
;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动

does



Jenny speaks English very well
.

Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.


Does Jenny speak English very well?


含有
be
动词的要在
be
上做变化
.


如:

Danny is a good student.


Danny
isn’t
a good student.


Is
Danny a good student?


常用表示时间的词如:
often


usually


always


sometimes
等频率副词,
on Saturdays


in the
morning(afternoon evening)


every day

等。




常见错误如下:



一、
be
动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中



例:
We
are plant

(plant) the trees in spring.


答案:
plant


解析:
学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学 习英语最
忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中

be
是表状态,
do
是表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在
句子中,可记住如下口诀:“英汉语言有差异,
be

do
不能放一起,仔细琢磨细分析,语法千万
要牢记。”





1



自我检测:



(

)


单选



1 Jenny ____ in an office.
Her parents ____in a hospital.


A work; works


B

works; work
C
work; are working
D
is working; work


2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.


A have



B

there is



C

there are




D has


3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.


A don't rain



B

didn't rain




C doesn't rain




D

isn't rain


4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.


A rose; set



B

rises; sets



C

rises, set



D

rise; sets


5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.


A like; listen


B

likes; listens

C

like; are listening
D

liking listen


6 Jenny____ English every evening.


A has study



B studies






C study





D studied


(

)
、填空



1 I can take Li Ming there when he















( come) to visit.


2












your sister














(know)English?


3Her home








































(
远离

)her school.


4The pot


















(not look) like yours very much.


5 Where












you












(have)lunch every day?


6 Who_














(
想要

)to go swimming?


7















she















(do) the housework every day?


8 Jenny and Danny usually















(play) games in the afternoon .


二、单三人称形式易出错



例:
1 He plaies (play) football very well.
答案:

plays






2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.
答案:

goes


解析:
1
以辅音字母加
y
结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把
y
换成
i
再加
es
2
与名词变复数
不同,变单三人称形式以
o
结尾的词要加
es.
三、在句式变换时易出错



例:
1. Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?
答案:

Does
have




2


2 .
Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China.

答案:

doesn’t live




解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:“
见助动,用原形
”。
此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。
e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.


四、对
do
的理解易出错



例:
We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.

答案:
don
’t do



解析:
do
是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义
:
a)
是所有行为动词的总称;
b)
是助动词,无
实义;
c)
是一个具体 的行为动词

做,干

。此句中给出的
do

“< br>做,干


not
指把此句变为否定句,
故须在
do
前加助动词
don’t




五、对主语的数判断有误



例:

Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.
答案
: is


解析
:
表面一看是

我和李明两个人在北京< br>”
,但
with
在此做伴随状语,不能做主语,
故用
is.< br>


另外,
宾语从句中,
从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,
从句都要用一般现在时;
在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句 要用一般现在时。





现在进行时
表示:

1
、现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作 ,强调

此时此刻



例如:
He is reading .


They are talking now.


2
、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
E.g.
They are working these days.


3
、某些动词的现在进行时,表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。
E.g
I am coming.


其结构为
be+
现在分词
.
现在分词的变法有:



1
、一般在动词词尾加上
-ing ,
E.g.
jump


2
、以不发音字母
e
结尾的动词,先去
e,再加
-ing. E.g

have

write


3

.
以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词, 它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅
音字母双写,再加上
-ing. E.g.


sit


put



其句式变换都在
be
上做文章。
E.g.
He
is buying
a bike.

Is
he
buying
a bike?

He

isn’t buying
a bike.


一般由
look,

listen,


now,


at this moment
等标志时间词。


自我检测



(一)

、单选



1


Look! He _____their mother do the housework.


A. is helping
B. are help
C. is help
helpping


2

_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.

3


A .Who
B .How




3


Don’t tal
k here. My mother _____.


A. is sleeping
B .are sleeping
C. sleeping
D .sleep


4

Danny ______. Don’t call him.



A. is writeing
B .is writing
g
D .writes


5


-----

When_____he_____back?





------


Sorry, I don’t know.



A. does,come
coming
come
coming


(二)、填空



1


It’s ten o’clo
ck. My mother












(lie)in bed.


2


What










he















(mend)?


3


We













(play)games now.


4


What














you














(do) these days?


5

















he















(clean) the classroom?


6


Who















sing)in the next room?


7

The girl












(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She









(wear)a red sweater today.




常见错误:


一、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错



例:
1

They are swiming.(swim)
答案:
ng






2

Jenny is plaiing(play)football.
答案:
2 .playing


解析:动词变现在分词可有如下 口诀
:“
一添一去
y
不变
”. “
一添

指双写规则;

一去

指去掉不发
音字母
e
规则;
“y
不变

指要与名词变复数区分开。



二、丢掉
be
动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词



例:

1


Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.

答案:
1 are flying







2

Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.


答案

2 isn’t reading


解析
:
现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为
: “be+
现在分词
,
缺一不可

。这一点必须牢记。


三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉
doing



例:
1

The students are singing in the room.(
对划线部分提问
)









What are the students in the room?


答案:
What are the students doing in the room?


解析
:
现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式
“What +be +
主语
+doing+
其它
?”



或简写为
“What......doing......”?
句式。


四、现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视
or
后用现在分词形式


4

例:孩子们在跑还是在跳?
Are the children running or jump?
答案:
Are the children running or jumping?


解析
:
or
连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。



一般过去时
主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解:

1
)过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

e.g.
I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.
2
)过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

e.g.
When I was a child,I often played with fire.
Li Lei always walked to school last term.
3
)谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。
e.g.
Lu Xun was a great writer.
4

有些发生时间不是很 清楚的情况,
实际是过去发生的,
也应用过去时态。
e.g.
What did you say?





另外,还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。
e.g.
Could you lend me your pen?



结构是

主语
+
动词的过去式


be
动词的过去式为
was, were


行为动词
的过去式规则变化有以下几种情况:

1
)直接在动词原形末尾加
-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked;

2
)以
e
结尾的动词只加
-d. e.g. arrive -----arrived; like-----liked.
3)
末尾只有一个辅音字母 的重读闭音节
,
应先双写这个辅音字母
,
再加
-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped;

4)


辅音字母
+y
结尾的动词
,
先把
y
变成
i,
再加
- ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------ studied.
有些动词变
过去式是不规则的
,e.g. fly------ flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught.
这些需要象生单词一样记住
.





句式变化分为两种情况

1)
含有
be
动词的依然在
be
上做文章
.

e.g.
I was born in 1980.
I was not born in 1980.
Were you born in 1980?
2)
含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词
didn't.,
同时把动词变 成原形
;
变一般疑问

,
在句首加助动词
did,
同时把动词变成原形
.

e.g
. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday.
I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday.

Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?





其时间状语为
yesterday
或由其构成的短语
,e.g.
yesterday morning;


时间

构成的短语
, e.g.
last year;


时间段
+ago
构成的短语
, e.g.
three days ago
;
另外
,
还有
on the morning of Monday, just now

,
以及一些表 示过去时态的从句
.
注意
,
在宾语从句中主句为过去
,
一般 从句也为过去
.



自主检测
:





(一

)选择



1 She lived there before he____to China.


A. came
B. comes
C. come
D. coming


2 I _____but_____nothing.


A . was listened;was hearing

B. listened;heard


C . have listened; heard
D. listened; heard of


3 When did you ____here?


A. got to



B. reached



C. arrive in



D. reach


4 I____my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening.


A. finished



B. would finish




C. was finishing



D. finish


5 ------He didn't go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he?

5

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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