zn虚拟语气及情态动词表猜测(表格简化版)

2021年1月24日发(作者：李某)
虚拟语气复习





If
条件句

从句（条件）

主句（目的）

should / would/could / might + do
例句

If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
与现在事实相反


did/were

与过去事实相反


had done

与将来事实相反



do
to do

含蓄条件句

should / would/ could / might + have
If he had hurried, he could have caught the
done
train.=Had he hurried, he could
…

should / would/could / might + do

If
I
were
to
go
abroad,
I
would
go
to
America.
Otherwise
（否则），
or
，
without
，
but for
（要不是）
,
She would have died without my help.
If only I were a flying bird
if only
（要是
...
多好）

引导的虚拟语气

He treats the boy as if he were his own son.
He spoke as if he had known about it
He acts as if he could win in the game .
We suggested that the meeting (should) be
put off.
We
all
agree
to
that
suggestion
that
the
meeting (should) be put off.
It’s quite necessary that we
（
should
）
have
a walk now.
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a
good
chance
It is high time that you went

/ should go
to school.
wish/hope/as
1.
表示与现在事实相反
,
谓语用
did/were

if/as
though
/
would
rather
that
2.
表示与过去事实相反，谓语
had done
后

3.
表示与将来事实相反

用
would (might, could)+do
一个坚持
insist
，两个命令
order,


command
，三个建议


suggest,
这些词后的复合句
：
(should) do
advise,
recommend
，
四
个
要
求
ask, demand, request, require


“It
is( was)+
形
容
词
/
名
词
+that…
s b. (should ) do
常用的形容词：
natural
，
app ropriate
，
advisable
，
necessary
，< br>important
，
urgent
，
probable
，< br>possible
，
desirable
，
strange, pity,
advice
It is (about/high) time+that sb.
（
did/should do
）


“
该做
……..
的时候了
”

注：
should
不可省略



情态动词
+have done
must have done
(
另：对现在的肯定猜
测：
must be/do
）

对过去的肯定推测（只能
用于肯定句）译为“过去
肯定
…”


She must have earned much money, for he bought an expensive
car last week.

He
can’
t have gone far, for his coat is still here.

He couldn
’
t have known the decision, but someone told him.
He could have visited the Great Wall but it suddenly began to
rain yesterday.

I can
’
t find purse anywhere.

You may have dropped it when
you were shopping in the market.

You
should
have
come
to
school
if
you
were
really
serious
about your study.

We oughtn
’
t to have given him so much money.

You needn
’
t have finished the homework because you were ill.

can
’
t
/
couldn
’
t
have
对过去的否定推测（只能
done
(
另：对现在的否< br>用于否定句）译为“过去
定猜测：
can
’
t be/do)
不可能做了
…”


can/could have done
本来能够做而没做

may/might
（
not
）

have
可能（没有）做过某事

done
should/ought
to
have
本来该做而没做

done
should not /ought not to
本来不该做却做了

have done
needn
’
t have done



本来不必做却做了

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