miro备战2013四级阅读练习：日有所思夜有所梦让你更聪明

2021年1月24日发(作者：爽然)
本篇阅读材料
“日有所思夜有所梦让你更聪明”
选自
《时代》
（原文 标题：
How
Your
Dreams
Can Make You Smarter
2012.1.4
）
。如果大家觉得比较简单，就当作泛读材料了解 了解，认
识几个新单词或新表达方式也不错。
如果大家觉得这些材料理解上有难度，
不 妨当做挑战自
己的拔高训练，希望大家都有进步
^^


New research shows dreaming about a task gives you an edge in real life.


It
’
s late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer.
You
’
re done for the day. What you may not realize, however, is that the learning
process actually continues
—
in your dreams.


It
might
sound
like
science
fiction,
but
researchers
are
increasingly
focusing
on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the
day
and
the
fragmented,
often
bizarre
imaginings
they
generate
at
night.
Scientists
have found that dreaming about a task we
’
ve learned is associated with improved
performance in that activity (suggesting that there
’
s some truth to the popular
notion that we
’
re
“
getting
”
a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it).
What
’
s
more,
researchers
are
coming
to
recognize
that
dreaming
is
an
essential
part
of
understanding,
organizing
and
retaining
what
we
learn
—
and
that
dreams
may
even
hold out the possibility of directing our learning as we doze.


While
we
sleep,
research
indicates,
the
brain
replays
the
patterns
of
activity
it
experienced
during
waking
hours,
allowing
us
to
enter
what
one
psychologist
calls
a neural virtual reality. A vivid example of such reenactment can be seen in this
video, made as part of a 2011 study by researchers in the Sleep Disorders Unit at
Piti
é
-Salp
ê
tri
è
re
Hospital
in
Paris.
They
taught
a
series
of
dance
moves
to
a
group
of
patients
with
conditions
like
sleepwalking,
in
which
the
sleeper
engages
in
the
kind of physical movement that is normally inhibited during slumber. They then
videotaped the subjects as they slept. Lying in bed, eyes closed, the woman on the
tape
does
a
faithful
rendition
of
the
dance
moves
she
learned
earlier
—

“
the
first
direct and unambiguous demonstration of overt behavioral replay of a recently
learned skill during human sleep,
”
writes lead author Delphine Oudiette.


Of
course,
most
of
us
are
not
quite
so
energetic
during
sleep
—
but
our
brains
are
busy
nonetheless.
While
our
bodies
are
at
rest,
scientists
theorize,
our
brains
are extracting what
’
s important from the information and events we
’
ve recently
encountered,
then
integrating
that
data
into
the
vast
store
of
what
we
already
know
—
perhaps explaining why dreams are such an odd mixture of fresh experiences and
old memories. A dream about something we
’
ve just learned seems to be a sign that
the new
knowledge has
been processed effectively. In a 2010 study
published in
the
journal
Current
Biology,
researchers
at
Harvard
Medical
School
reported
that
college
students who dreamed about a computer maze task they had learned showed a 10-fold
improvement
in
their
ability
to
navigate
the
maze
compared
to
participants
who
did
not dream about the task.


Robert
Stickgold,
one
of
the
Harvard
researchers,
suggests
that
studying
right
before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might
increase the odds of dreaming about the material. But some scientists are pushing
the
notion
of
enhancing
learning
through
dreaming
even
further,
asking
sleepers
to
mentally
practice
skills
while
they
slumber.
In
a
pilot
study
published
in
The
Sport