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唛2019年上海高考英语词汇手册新增词汇(详解版)

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2021-01-24 11:15
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2021年1月24日发(作者:kangal)
2019
上海高考英语考纲词汇新变化(详解版)

(说明:黄色字体代表新 增加的词汇及新语义;蓝色字体代表语义新变化;红色字体
代表语义已删除。)


1. about

prep.
关于;在
……
周围;在< br>……
各处;在
……
附近;
(时间上)在
……
前后(或 左右)

ad.
在四周;到处


2. allowance
n.
津贴,补贴;零用钱

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance.

2013
嘉定一模)

很多孩子首先通过领取津贴来学习金钱的价值。


3. alphabet
n.
(一种语言的)全部字母,字母表;初步,入门;基础知识

V lies in U and W in the English alphabet.
在英语字母表中,
V
位于
U

W
之间。


4. annual

a.
每年的;年度的


n.
年刊

She will help Wendy prepare her annual report.
她将帮助温迪准备她的年度报告。(
2017
普陀一模)

King's College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at
all levels who want to improve their English.
国王学院暑期学校是一项针对各级高中生,
希望提高英语水平的年度培训课程。
(20 17
金山中学
)

5. anymore
ad.
再也(不),(不)再

He noticed that he didn’t think about smoking
anymore.
他注意到他不再考虑吸烟了。
(2016
徐汇区二模
)
You won't have any excuse to skip class anymore.
你不会有任何理由再逃课了。
(2018
奉贤二模
)

6. app

n.
(下载到智能手机或平板电脑等设备上使用的)应用软件 ;应用程序(
application
的缩略)


1
You may be surprised by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the
app for a
while.
在使用该应用程序一段时间后,您可能会惊讶地发现星巴克的菜肴数量。
(2018
徐汇
一模
)


7. applaud

vt.


鼓掌;向
……
喝彩;称赞

vi.
鼓掌;喝彩


8. appliance

n.
器具;器械

They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for each appliance.
他们将能够收集有关每个器械的能源使用情况的实时信息。 (
2013
闵行二模)


9. application

n.
应用;申请(表);(计)应用程序

I was actually hoping you could write me a reference letter for my law school application.
我实际上希望你能 给我写一封我的法学院申请的推荐信。(
2017
崇明一模)

The robotic fly has been put into wide application.
机器人飞行已被广泛应用。
(2013
上海高考
)


10. arouse

vt.
唤醒;引起;使
……
奋发;使
……
行动起来

vi.
醒来;发奋

Welcome to a never- before-seen world of wonder where you can arouse the magical dream
within your heart.
欢迎来到一 个前所未有的奇迹世界,在这里您可以唤起内心的神奇梦想。

2017
虹口
一模)

But I strongly support this kind of activity which may arouse people's concern about the
environment by using less power.
但我强烈支持这种可能会通过减少用电来引起人们对环境的关注的活动。


2011
普陀二模)



11. arrive

vi.
到达;到来;达成
(at)
Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions.


2
太多的研究测试的受试者太少,无法得出确切的结论。(
2018
徐汇二模)


12. awake

a.
醒着的;意识到的;认识到的
(to)
vi.
醒;觉醒

vt.
唤醒;使觉醒

Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface
occasionally to avoid drowning.

也许保持大脑的一侧清醒可以使睡眠动物偶尔浮出水面以避免溺水。


2011
交大附中)


13. awaken

vt.
唤醒;使意识到;认识到的
(to)
vi.
醒;觉醒;意识到;认识到
(to)
Not only does traveling force you to awaken your inner word bank, but it also teaches you
about the large number of cultural quirks.
旅行不仅强迫你认识到你内心文字库,而且它还教你大量文化怪癖。

2017
复旦附中)

We suddenly awakened to the realization that our friendship was over.
我们突然意识到我们的友谊结束了。


14

background

n.
背景;背景资料;出身背景

Success does not depend on family background, but depends on diligence and good family
education.
成功不取决于家庭背景,而是取决于勤奋和 良好的家庭教育。(
2017
七宝中学)


15. bargain

n.
协定
,
协议;特价商品;交易;廉价(品)

vi.
讨价,讨价还价


The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with
public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.
学费和经济援助的可用性是其他考虑因素,公共机构通常比私人机构更便宜。


2015
闵行一模)


3

16. bed
n.
床;就寝时间;(河)床;(湖、海的)底

Your mind may start to connect your bed with work, which will make it harder for you to
fall asleep.
你的思绪可能会开始将你的床与工作连接起来,这将使你更难入睡。


2012
宝山一模)


17. behalf

n.
利益;方面;支持

on behalf of
代表
......
一方;作为
......
的代言人;为了< br>......
的利益

Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger
stepped in on their behalf


咨询会议中的许多成年人仍然感激地回忆起一个陌生人进来代表他们


2018
徐汇一
模)

MPAA is a nonprofit organization formed by six large studios to work on behalf of the
film industry.
MP AA
是由六家大型工作室组成的非营利组织,代表电影业工作。(
2015
黄浦一模)



18. behave

vi.
举止端正;表现

vt. (

oneself)
检点(自己的)行为

Parents must provide the best environment and behave themselves better.

父母必须提供最好的环境,让自己更好地行事。(
2010
十校联考)


19. bonus

n.
额外给予的东西;奖金;津贴

I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in
our hospital.
我发现拥有男护士是一个真 正的奖金,他们肯定在我们医院占有一席之地。(
2014
浦东一模)

Parents and teachers are sometimes reluctant to offer a reward to a young person for doing
something he or she
for example.

4
父母和老师有时不愿意为年轻人做出他或她

应该

喜 欢的事情而给予奖励
------
例如,
读书的金钱奖金。(
2017
八校联考)



20. boom

n.
低沉有回响的声音;隆隆声 ;嗡嗡声;(经济等思维)繁荣(期);(价格等的)
暴涨;(事业等的)突然好转

v.
发出低沉有回响的声音;发出隆隆声(或嗡嗡声);使繁荣;(使)迅速发展

Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile.
也许书籍繁荣只影响了教育的最高层。(
2012
吴淞中学)

Websites about dieting would boom.

关于节食的网站将会迅速发展。(
2017
普陀一模)


21. botany

n.
植物学;(一个地区的)植物生态

Workshops are very loosely organized and most represent discussions that have been held
at Society for Economic Botany (SEB) meetings over a series of years.
研讨会组织得非常松散,大多数代表了多年来在经济植物学会(< br>SEB
)会议上进行的
讨论。

2014
青浦一模)



22. bow
2

n.
狐状物;弓,弓形物

Practicingfighting with a sword and using a bow and arrow skillfully.
练习用剑战斗,巧妙地使用弓箭。


re

n.
小册子;情况介绍手册

People with Globe-trotter tickets can take any kind of the discounts listed in the brochure.
拥有
Globe-trotter
门票的人可以 享受手册中列出的任何折扣。(
2015
长宁二模)



24. buffet

n.
餐具架(或柜);自助餐,快餐


With sandcastle contests, Swedish buffet night, and family bingo, this classic northern
Minnesota lodge is right out of Garrison Keillor.


5
这家经典的明尼苏达州北部小屋位于
Garrison Keillor
的对面,提供沙堡比赛,

瑞典自助餐之夜和家庭宾果游戏。(
2018
静安一模)



25. category

n.
种类,类,类别

Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support
no other form of life, fall into this category.

已知在许多不支持其他生活形式的环境中存活的常见细菌属于这一类。


2018
徐汇一模)



26. caution

n.
小心,谨慎;警告


Educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that better choice for one
student may be very different for another.

教育工作者在使用排名表时要求谨慎,并强调一个学生的更好选择可能与另一

个学生的选择截然不同。(
2015
黄浦一模)

Cell phone users err on the side of caution until more definitive
studies can be conducted.

手机用户在谨慎方面犯了错误,直到可以进行更明确的研究。


2010
徐汇一模)



27. centigrade

a.
摄氏的;百分度的

n.
摄氏

In Finland the temperature is sometimes40 degrees below zero centigrade.

在芬兰,温度有时比零摄氏度低
40
度。(
2012
虹口二模)


28. chapter

n. (
书等的
)
章,回,篇


You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to
class.

在你上课之前,你应该阅读我将要讲授的章节。(
2015
静安一模)



29. check


6

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