-
指示代词
this, that, these, those
的一般用法和特殊用法
1) this
或
these
一般用来指时间或空间上较近的人或事;
that
或
those
则指时间或空间上较远的人或事。
This is an axe and that is a sickle.
I have been working on the term paper these days.
That Chinese student came to visit me that day.
In those pre-school days, we were care-free and happy.
2)
有时
that
和
those
指前面讲到过的事物,
this
和
these
则指下面将要讲到的事物或眼前的事。如:
He was ill. That's why he didn't come to the meeting.
He is not clever but he is very diligent, and that is the most important thing.
The students were informed of these words:
absent.
What I want to emphasis is this: advertising for a bank is not easy.
This will do.
3)
有时为了避免重复提到过的名词,常可用
that
或
those
代替。
The factory's transistor's output of 1999 is double that of 1992.
The presentation given by Liu is just as good as that given by Li.
4) this
和
that
有时作状语用,表示程度,意思是
这么
和
那么
。
The dictionary is about this thick.
反身代词用法探析
在中学英语中,
有一类代词比较特殊,
因为在中文中找不到相应的对应词,
这类代 词就是反
身代词。反身代词共有
9
个,分别是:
myself
(我自 己)
,
yourself
(你自己)
,
himself
(他 自
己)
,
herself
(
她自己)
,
itsel f
(
它自己)
,
ourselves
(
我们自己)
,
yourselves
(
你们自己)
,
themselves(他们自己)和
oneself
(他、她、它自己)
。在此,笔者归纳总结了反身 代词在句中的作用
与用法,希望能对大家有所帮助。
一、作动词的宾语
反身代词作动词的宾语,表示动作反射到动作执行者本身,一般放在这些动词的后面,
如:
dess, enjoy, help, hurt, shave, teach, wash
等等。例如:
1. He fell down and hurt himself.
他摔了一跤,跌伤了。
2. I teach myself French
.
我自学法语。
注意:
有时小部分动词从词义上说总是动作及于主语自身,
或者说,
这 类动作是
“惯行的常规”
。
那么,作宾语的反身代词可以省略,如在
dres s
,
shave
,
wash
等动词之后。例如:
3. He shaves
(
himself
)
every moming
.
他每天早上刮脸。
4. The girl often dresses
(
herself
)
in red
.
这个小女孩总是穿着红衣服。
如果不考虑“动作的常规性质”
,就不能省去反身代词。例如:
5. The small boy is learning to dress himself
.这小男孩此时正在学自己穿衣。
有时动词后用人称代词宾格作宾语与用反身代词作宾语时,
两者含义是有区别的。
试对
比:
6. They want to build them a house
.
他们要为那些人盖一座房子。
7. They want to build themselves a house
.
他们要为自己盖一所房
在一些固定的说法中,反身代词的意义有其特殊性。例如:
behave oneself
,
规矩点。
8. She told the boy to behave himself.
她让这男孩子规矩点。
enjoy oneself
(
=have a good time
)玩得高兴
9. Tom enjoyed himself at the party
.
汤姆在聚会上玩得很高兴。
explain oneself
为自己辩解
10. Late, Tom? I hope you can explain yourself.
迟到了,汤姆
?
希望你解释一下。
二、作介词的宾语
反身代词作介词的宾语,表示与主语相同的事物。例如:
11. She was talking to herself.
她在自言自语。
12. Take good care of yourself
.
好好保重你自己。
注意:
在表示处所的介词短 语后,
当介词宾语和主语人称一致时,
常用人称代词代替反身代词。
例如:
13. She looked about her
.
她环顾四周。
14. We placed our papers in front of us
.
我们把文件放在面前。
以上两句之所以用可以这样 代替,
是因为人称指代明确,
不会有歧义。
但是也并非绝对。
同时,也存在用 反身代词作宾语的情况。例如:
15. He has built a wall of English books around him
(
self
)
.
他身边堆满了英语书。
16. Tom stepped back
,
gently closed the door behind him
(
self
)
.汤姆退后几步,轻轻地
随手关上了门。
在表示主语内心的情绪的介词短语后,
介词的宾语可用反身代词,
也可用人称代词。
例
如:
17. As for me
/
myself, I never want to talk about it.
至于我
(
自己
)
,再也不想谈它了。
18. For someone like me
/
myself
,
one good meal a day is quite enough
.对于像我
(
自己
)
这样的人,一 天足吃一顿好饭就够了。
反身代词作介词的宾语也常用于一些惯用语组中。例如:
by oneself
独自地、自动地
19. This is a machine that works by itself
.
这是一部自动化的机器。
of oneself
启动地、自然而然地
20. The disease will not die of himself
.
疾病不会自然消亡。
for oneself
为自己、亲自地
21. She felt sorry for herself
.
她为自己感到难过。
in oneself
本性、本身
22
.
It is not a bad idea in itself
.
这主意本身不错。
to oneself
独占、独有
23. How I wish to have a house to myself
!多么希望能独有自己的房子呀
!
beside oneself
精神失常、发狂
24. He was beside himself with joy.
他欣喜若狂。
above oneself
自高自大
25. He
’
s bit above himself now
.
他现在有点自视过高。
三、作主语的同位语
反身代词作主语的同位语时常放在主语后或句末,
用来加强语气,
表示“亲自、
本人”
。
例如:
26. We ourselves can solve this problem
.
我们自己就能解决这个问题。
27. Lily herself is a typist.
莉莉本人就是一个打字员。
四、作宾语的同位语
反身代词作宾语的同位语时只放在宾语之后,
也是用来加强语气,
表示“亲自、
本人”
。
例如:
28. He went to see the artist himself
.
他去看望了那位画家本人。
29. Y
ou can go and ask him himself
.
你可以去问他本人。
五、作表语
反身伐词作表语,常用在习语中,比如在
be
,
feel
,
seen
等系动词之后。例如:
30. I
’
m not quite myself today
.
我今天情绪不好。
31. Y
ou don
’
t seem yourself today
.
你今天看上去似乎不大舒服。
六、反身代词作主语
反身代词作主语比较少见,
可代替人称代词,
这类用 法中的反身代词常含有强调的意味,
一般反身代词常被用作并列主语的第二部分,前有
and< br>,
or,nor
等连接,例如:
32. Mary and myself went shopping yesterday
.
昨天我和玛丽在一起逛街。
33. Both my sister and myself asked to go to work in the countryside
.我和我妹妹都要求去
农村工作。
本文来源于
外语爱好者网站
()
转载请以链接形式注明出处
网址:
/syy/zxyy/200801/
复合不定代词的习惯搭配
不定代词
something, anything
及
nothing
特殊用法归纳
一
. something
1.
something
不简单的事
,
可观的成绩
,
有些地位的人
At least we didn’t lose any money. That’s something.
It’s something to have got $$500 from them.
She thinks she’s something since she won the beauty contest.
2.
用于成语或词组
:
have something on
拿着某人的把柄
Although Miss Brown is not a good worker, her boss not
fire her because she has
something on him.
make something of
1)
小题大做
,
瞎猜测
When girls see another girl with a boy, they often try to make something of it.
2)
藉
…
吵架
/
生气
Ann didn’t like what Mary said about her. She tried to make something of what
Mary said.
3)
看懂意思
I apologize for the untidiness of my letter , but I hope you can make something
of it .
make something of oneself/ one’s life
取得成功
,
有出息
He’s a clever boy
---
I hope he’ll make something of himself.
or something
…
之类的人(东西、情况等)
Mr Green is a shopkeeper or something.
I hear he has broken an arm or something.
see something of someone
有时见到某人
I hope we’ll
see something of you now that you live nearby.
something for nothing
不冒风险(不下功夫)就有收获
Some people will never learn that you can’t get something for noth
ing.
something like
1)
大约,约摸
It cost something like ten pounds.
2)
有点像
The building looked something like a church.
something like that/ this
大致如此
I see them once every two months, or something like that.
I’ll whistle the tune for you; it goes something l
ike this.
something of
有点
…
,可说是一个,在某种程度上是
He’s something of a liar, don’t you think?
The soldier found himself something of a hero when he returned to his village.
something tells me
我想/感到,我有理由相信
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
本文更新与2021-01-24 13:44,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/560944.html
-
上一篇:英语常用句型
下一篇:牛津译林版英语八上基础知识