dope(全)常见倒装现象

2021年1月24日发(作者：短语结构)

常见倒装现象归纳

(
一
)

倒装句简介


1.
倒装的定义：




英语句子中有时把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面
,
这种语序叫倒装。

2.
倒装的原因：




1)
语法结构的需要：如
there be
句型，疑问句等。







e.g.

Do you get up early every day ?












There are 5000 students in this school .



2)
为了强调某一个词或成分：







e.g.

Never have I seen such an exciting film .












Standing outside the classroom is our headmaster , Mr White .




3)
为了使上下文紧密衔接：







e.g.

They arrived at an old house , in front of which sat a young boy .












I
’
ve finished telling my story . Now comes your turn .

3.
倒装句出现的场合：




1)
简单句中







e.g.

Only in this way can you work out this problem .




2)
并列句中







e.g.

Tom has gone to America and never will he come back .




3)
复合句中







e.g.

He told us that nowhere else could we eat such delicious beef .












They arrived at a house , in front of which stood a big tree .

4.
倒装的类型：




1)
完全倒装：

把句子的谓语全部提到主语前面。




2)
部分倒装：

把句子谓语的一部分
(
如助动词，系动词，情态动词< br>)
提到主语前面。

(
二
)
完全倒装


1. There be
句型属于完全倒装：




(1) There +
系动词
be +
主语






e.g.

There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday .











There is a book , 2 pencils and 4 letters on the desk .




(2) There +
系动词
seem / remain +
主语






e.g.

There seems (to be) no point in waiting for him .











There remains a lot of doubt about it .




(3) There + vi.(live
，
stand
，lie
，
exist
，
happen
，
appear
，
etc.) +
主语






e.g.

There lived an old man in this old house 3 years ago .











There exist some serious problems in our society .











There appeared a red sun above the mountain .

2.
表示地点方向的副词放在句首时，主谓完全倒装：



(
1)
句型：地点方向副词

+ vi.(come< br>，
go
，
rush
，
fly
，
run
，
fall
，
etc.) +
主语






e.g.

Out rushed the children as soon as the bell rang .











Away flew the little bird .


- 1 -











Look ! Here comes the bus .











The door opened and in came Mr Smith .



(2)
如果主语是人称代词，那么主谓不倒装。






e.g.

Here you are .











Downstairs he ran .



(3)
注意：这种倒装句只能使用一般现在时或一般过去时，不能用其他时态。


3.
有些时间副词
(now
，
then
，
oft en
，
etc.)
在句首时
,
有时也用倒装语序。

e.g.

They all failed . Now comes your chance .






My uncle drank some cold water . Then came a smell of sulphur .

4.
表示地点方位的介词短语在句首时
,
主谓常倒装。




句型：介词短语
+ vi. (lie
，
come
，
run
，
sit
，
stand
，
appear
，
etc.) +
主语









e.g.

In front of my house stands a big tree .













From the distance came a cry for help .













(To the) South of the village lies a beautiful lake .

5.
为了强调或保持平衡
,
有时把表语
(adj.
/
adv.
/
prep.
短语

/
非谓语动词
)
提到
句首
,
主语和系动词要倒装。
（表语
+be
主语）




e.g.

Present at the meeting are students who are very interested in music but not good at it .









Here is a letter for you .









East of Korea is Japan .









Among the speakers was China
’
s then Premier Zhu Rongji .









Waiting outside is a customer who wants to see the manager .








Caught in the traffic accident were 14 students and their teacher .

6. Such
开头的句子：




e.g.

Such is Lily , a kind and diligent girl .









Such were our opinions about the problem .









Such is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight .

7.
祝愿句：

Long live
…
! (
…
万岁
!)

e.g.

Long live peace !






Long live the People
’
s Republic of China !

(
三
)
部分倒装


1. so
开头的句子
,
表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物时。




1)
常用句型：副词
So + be /
助动词
/
情态动词
+
主语







e.g.

He is good at maths . So am I .












I like English . So does my sister .












I have been to France . So has she .












Tom can swim . So can Jack .

2)
如果副词
so
开头的句子只是重复或赞同前面的内容，则不需要倒装。

1

--- It is very hot today .

--- So it is .








e.g.

○
2

--- Your son studies hard .

--- So he does .












○



3)
连词
as
也可以表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物







e.g.

Our eating habits have changed , as has our way of life .












A better understanding of the environment is necessary , as is the willingness to act .
2. Neither / Nor
开头的句子
,
表示前面所说的否定情况也适用于另一人或物时。


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