-
倒装句用法及例句
1.
涉及
only
的倒装及考题分析
按英语习惯同，当“
only+
状语
”
位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：
Only
then
did
he
realize
that
he
was
wrong.
到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only
in
this
way
are
you
able
to
do
it
well.
你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only
in
this
way
can
our
honour
be
saved.
只有这样，才能保住我们的荣誉。
Only
then
did
I
understand
what
she
meant.
只有到那时我才明白她的意思。
Only
after
her
death
was
I
able
to
appreciate
her.
只有到她死后我才认识到她的价
值。
Only
when
he
returned
home
did
he
realize
what
had
happened.
当他回到家里时
,
才
知道出了什么事。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English.
只有这样才能学会英语
(from
mar.
com)
。
The
pilot
reassured
the
passengers.
Only
then
did
I
realize
how
dangerous
the
situatio
n
had
been.
飞机驾驶员要乘客们放心，这时我才明白刚才的情况有多危险。
Only
by
shouting
was
he
able
to
make
himself
heard.
他只有叫喊才能让别人听到
他。
Only
when
we
landed
did
we
see
how
badly
the
plane
had
been
damaged.
我们只是
在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。
Only
on
one
point
do
I
agree
with
you.
只有一点，我同意你的说法。
【典型考题】
(
答案分别为
DC)
1.
Only
then
_________
how
much
damage
had
been
caused.
A.
she
realized
B.
she
had
realized
D.
did
she
realize
C.
had
she
realized
2.
Only
after
my
friend
came
_________
.
A.
did
the
computer
repaired
B.
be
repaired
the
computer
C.
was
the
computer
repaired
D.
the
computer
was
repaired
特别说明：有时命题者不是利用位于句首的“
only+
状语”来考查倒装，而是倒过来，
利用给定的倒装结构来考查对
only
的选择。如下 面一题
(
答案选
A)
：
1
_________
by
keeping
down
costs
will
Power
Data
hold
its
advantage
over
other
co
mpanies.
A.
Only
B.
Just
C.
Still
D.
Yet
2.
涉及副词
so
的两类常考倒装
这类倒装主要见于以下两种情形：
1.
当副词
so
后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：
So
cold
was
the
weather
that
we
had
to
stay
at
home.
天气太冷，
我们只好呆在家里。
So
fast
does
light
travel
that
we
can
hardly
imagine
its
speed.
光速很快，
我们几乎没
法想象它的速度。
So
sudden
was
the
attack
that
we
had
no
time
to
escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来
不及逃跑。
2.
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用
“
So+
助动词
+
主语
”
这种倒装结构。如：
You
are
young
and
so
am
I.
你年轻，我也年轻。
She
likes
music
and
so
do
I.
她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If
he
can
do
it,
so
can
I.
要是他能做此事，我也能。
【典型考题】
(
答案分别为
BBA)
1.
So
difficult
_________
it
to
work
out
the
problem
that
I
decided
to
ask
Tom
for
advice.
A.
I
did
find
B.
did
I
find
C.
I
have
found
D.
have
I
found
2.
_________
about
wild
plants
that
they
decided
to
make
a
trip
to
Madagascar
for
f
urther
research.
A.
so
curious
the
couple
was
B.
So
curious
were
the
couple
C.
How
curious
the
couple
were
D.
The
couple
was
such
curious
3.
—
It
’s
burning
hot
today,
isn’t
it?—
Yes.
_________
yesterday.
A.
So
was
it
B.
So
it
was
C.
So
it
is
D.
So
is
it
特别说明
(from
)
：
(1)
若 前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的
s
o
改为
neither
或
nor
。如：
2
You
aren’t
young
and
neither
am
I.
你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She
hasn’t
read
it
and
nor
have
I.
她没有读它，我也没有读。
请看考题
(
答案选
D)
：
Mary
never
does
any
reading
in
the
evening,
_________
.
A.
so
does
John
C.
John
doesn’t
too
B.
John
does
too
D.
nor
does
John
(2)
< br>注意“
So+
助动词
+
主语
”
与表示强调或同意的< br>“
So+
主语
+
助动词
”
的区别。如：
“It
was
cold
yesterday.”
“So
it
was.”
“
昨天很冷。
”“
的确很冷。
”
请看考题
(
答案分别为
CD)
：
1.
—
Maggie
had
a
wonderful
time
at
the
party.
—
_________
,
and
so
did
I.
A.
So
she
had
B.
So
had
she
C.
So
she
did
D.
So
did
she
2.
—
Father,
you
promised!
—
Well,
_________
.
But
it
was
you
who
didn’t
keep
your
word
first.
A.
so
was
I
B.
so
did
I
C.
so
I
was
D.
so
I
did
3.
倒装句中的主谓一致
在
“副词
here,
there,
now,
then,
up,
down,
in,
out,
away
等、
作状语或表语的介词短语
或分词短语＋谓语动词＋主语
”
的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：
On
the
wall
hang
two
maps.
墙上挂着两张地图。
On
the
wall
hangs
a
world
of
map.
墙上挂着一张世界地图。
Here
is
your
coat.
这是你的外套。
Here
are
your
running-shoes.
这是你的跑鞋。
Such
is
the
result.
结果就是这样。
Such
are
the
results.
这就是结果。
4.
副词后的倒装
here
和
there
之后以及诸如
back,
down,
off,
up
等一类的副词小品词之后，
名词主语
一般置于谓语之后。这类副词常与诸如
come
和
go
等转移动词一起连用。如：
Here
comes
a
taxi!
There
goes
the
last
train!
有辆出租车来了
!
最后一班火车开走了
!
(
注意这里不可用进行时
)
Down
came
the
rain
and
up
went
the
umbrellas.
下雨了，伞都撑了起来。
3
当我们给人东西或确定位置时，这种倒装常用在
be
之后
(
主语往往是复数< br>)
。如：
Here’s
a
cup
of
tea
for
you.
给你一杯茶。
(
给东西
)
Here’s
your
letters.
这儿有你的信。
(
给与或指明
)
There’s
(
重读
)
Johnny
smith.
约翰尼·史密斯在那儿。
(
确定位置
)
主语如是代词则不倒装。如：
Here
it
comes.
它来了。
There
she
goes.
她走了。
Up
it
went.
它上去了。
Here
you
are.
给你。
There
she
is.
她在那儿。
5.
地点状语后的倒装
地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词
(
如
lie,
live,
sit,
stand)
或转移的动词
(
如
come,
go,
rise)
，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如：
At
the
top
of
the
hill
stood
the
tiny
chapel.
那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。
In
the
fields
of
poppies
lay
the
dying
soldiers.
罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。
别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。
In
the
distance
could
be
seen
the
purple
mountains.
远处可以见到紫色的山。
主语如是代词则不能倒装：
At
the
top
of
the
hill
it
stood
out
against
the
sky.
它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。
6.
否定副词之后的倒装
否定或近似否定副词
(
往往是时间或频度副词，
如
never,
rarely,
seldom)
，
或是具有否定
作用的副词，如
little,
on
no
account
等。如：
Never
/
Seldom
has
there
been
so
much
protest
against
the
Bomb.
这么强烈的反对
原子弹的抗议活动从未
/
很少
/
有过。
Little
does
he
realize
how
important
this
meeting
is.
他对这个会议的重要性不甚了
了。
On
no
account
must
you
accept
any
money
if
he
offers
it.
他如要给你钱，你可绝不
能接受。
当这种副词不在句首时，当然应该用正常词序：
4
There
has
never
/
seldom
been
so
much
protest
against
the
Bomb.
从未
/
很少发生
过这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动。
He
little
realizes
how
important
this
meeting
is.
他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。如：
In
no
case
should
you
give
up.
你绝不能放弃。
On
no
condition
should
we
tell
her
about
it.
我们绝不能把此事告诉她。
On
no
accounts
must
this
switch
be
touched.
这个开关是绝
不能触摸的。
In
[Under]
no
circumstances
will
I
lend
money
to
him.
无论如何我也不会再借钱给他
了。
Under
no
circumstances
should
you
lend
him
any
money.
你无论如何都不该把钱借给
他。
No
way
will
I
go
on
working
for
that
man.
我不再给那个人工作了。
7.
涉及否定的部分倒装
按英语习惯，
当
never,
hardly,
seldom,
little,
few,
not
until,
not,
no,
no
sooner,
by
no
means,
under
no
circumstances
等否定词置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：
Never
did
I
see
him
again.
后来我再也没见到过他了。
Little
did
I
dream
that
the
girl
was
my
niece.
我做梦也没想到那女孩是我的侄女。
Seldom
does
he
go
out
for
dinner.
他很少出去吃饭。
Hardly
does
she
have
time
to
listen
to
music.
他几乎没时间听音乐。
No
sooner
had
we
reached
the
airport
than
the
plane
took
off.
我们刚到机场
,
飞机就
起飞了。
Not
until
we
lose
our
health
do
we
realize
its
value.
等到失去了健康，才明白它的价
值。
No
sooner
had
she
agreed
to
marry
him
than
she
started
to
have
terrible
doubts.
她
刚同意嫁给他她就开始产生可怕的疑虑。
Under
no
circumstances
are
children
allowed
in
the
bar.
在任何情况下也不能允许儿
童进酒吧。
8.
涉及
not
only…but
also…
的部分倒装
not
only…but
also…
前后连接两个句子时，
not
only
后的句子要用部分倒装，但
but
al
so
后的分句不用倒装。如：
Not
only
did
he
come,
but
he
saw
her.
他不仅来了，而且还见到了她。
5
Not
only
does
she
speak
Spanish,
(but)
she
also
knows
how
to
type.
她不但会说西
班牙语，还会打字呢。
Not
only
is
he
a
teacher,
but
he
is
also
a
poet.
他不仅是一位教师，
而且是一位诗人。
Not
only
did
he
speak
more
correctly,
but
he
spoke
more
easily.
不仅他讲得更正确，
也讲得更不费劲了。
Not
only
did
they
present
a
musical
performance,
but
they
also
gave
a
brief
introduct
ion
to
the
history
of
Western
brass
instruments.
他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍
了西方铜管乐器的历史。
9.
涉及“
only+
状语”的部分倒装
当“
o nly
＋状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装。其中，
only
后的状语可以 是
副词、介词短语、从句等。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English.
只有这样才能学会英语。
Only
then
did
I
understand
what
she
meant.
只有到那时我才明白她的意思。
Only
by
shouting
was
he
able
to
make
himself
heard.
他只有叫喊才能让别人听到
他。
注意，在
only
后作状 语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。如：
Only
when
it
rains
do
you
feel
cool.
只有下雨时才觉得凉爽一点。
Only
when
he
returned
home
did
he
realize
what
had
happened.
当他回到家里时，
才知道出了什么事。
Only
when
we
landed
did
we
see
how
badly
the
plane
had
been
damaged.
我们只是
在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。
10
类似
So
/
Neither
do
I
的部分倒装
so
/
neither
/
nor
表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，其句型是：
so
/
neither
/
nor
+
特殊词
+
主语。使 句此句型需注意以下几点：①内容是肯定时，用
so
，内容是否定时，用
n
e ither
或
nor
；②“特殊词”与前句中的情态动词、助动词或
be相同，或根据前句的时态，
用
do,
does,
did
；< br>③
“
特殊词
”
的人称和数与其后的主语一致；
④
“< br>特殊词
”
本身没有否定形式。
如：
You
are
young
and
so
am
I.
你年轻，我也年轻。
She
likes
music
and
so
do
I.
她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If
he
can
do
it,
so
can
I.
要是他能做此事，我也能。
You
aren’t
young
and
neither
am
I.
你不年轻，我也不年轻。
6
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