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牛
津
高
阶
英
汉
双
解
词
典
中
的
各
种
写
作
例
句
和
素
材
It was last revised on January 2, 2021
使用方法：请先 尝试按照中文反写英文，再与英文例句做比较，注意研究表达方式的
转
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
About Saying what a text is about
描述文章的内容
The book
is about
homeless people in the cities.
这本书写的是城市中无家可归的人们。
The report
deals with
the issue of homelessness in London.
这篇报道是关于伦敦的无家可归问题。
The writer
discusses
the problems faced by homeless people.
作者讨论了无家可归者面临的种种问题。
The article
presents an overview
of
the issues surrounding homelessness.
这篇文章概述了有关无家可归的种种问题。
The novel
explores
the theme of friendship among homeless people.
这部小说探究了无家可归的人之间的友谊这个主题。
The first chapter
examines
the relationship between homelessness and drug
addiction.
第一章考察了无家可归与吸毒成瘾之间的关系。
The paper
considers
the question of why so many young people become
homeless.
这篇论文论述了为何如此多的年轻人变得无家可归的问题。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
according to
Reporting someone's opinion
陈述某人的观点
换
。
Photography is,
according to
Vidal, the art form of untalented people.
据维达尔所言，摄影是没有天赋的人的艺术形式。
For
Vidal, photography is the art form of untalented people.
对维达尔来说，摄影是没有天赋的人的艺术形式。
His
view is that
photography is not art but merely the mechanical
reproduction of images.
他的观点是摄影不是艺术，而只是机械地复制图像。
Smith
takes the view that
photography is both an art and a science.
史密斯所持的观点是：摄影既是一门艺术也是一门科学。
In
Brown's
view
, photography should be treated as a legitimate art in its own
right.
在布朗看来，摄影本身就应该被视为一种正当的艺术。
James
is of the opinion that
a good painter can always be a good
photographer if he or she so decides.
詹姆斯认为一个好的画家定能成为一个好的摄影师，只要他／她一心这样做。
Emerson
believed that
a photograph should only reflect what the human eye
can see.
埃默森认为照片应该只是反映人们肉眼所能见到的东西。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Addition Adding another item
补充说明
Bilingual children do better in IQ tests than children who speak only one
language.
In addition/What is more,
they seem to find it easier to learn third or even
fourth languages.
讲两种语言的儿童比只讲一种语言的儿童智 商测试得分更高。此外／而且，讲两种语
言的儿童似乎在学习第三甚至第四种语言时觉得更容易。
Learning another language
not only
improves children' s job prospects in
later life,
but also
boosts their self-esteem.
学习另一种语言不仅可以提升儿童未来的职业前景，而且可以增强他们的自尊心。
Teaching children a second language improves their job prospects in later life.
Other
benefits
include
increased self-esteem and greater tolerance of other
cultures.
教 儿童第二语言可以提升他们未来的职业前景。此外，还可以使他们获得更强的自信
心，对其他文化更包容 。
Another/One further/One additional
reason for encouraging bilingual
education is that it boosts children' self-esteem.
另一个鼓励双语教育的原因是它能增强儿童的自尊心。
Studies suggest that bilingual children find it easier to learn additional
languages.
There is,
moreover
, increasing evidence that bilingual children perform better
across a range of school subjects, not just foreign languages.
研究表明，讲两种语言的儿童学习其他语言觉得更容易。此外，越来越多的证据 表
明，讲两种语言的儿童不仅在外语学习上，同时在其他各门学科的学习上都表现得更
好。
His claim that children find bilingual education confusing is based on very
little evidence.
Moreover
, the evidence he does provide is seriously flawed.
他认为双语教育会使儿童感到迷惑的说 法几乎是没有依据的。况且，他仅有的证据也
是有严重缺陷的。
Research has shown that first-language development is not impeded by
exposure to a second language.
Furthermore
, there is no evidence to support the claim that children find
bilingual education confusing.
研究已经表明，接触第二语言不会妨碍第一语言的发展。 而且，没有证据支持双语教
育使儿童感到迷惑这种说法。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Argue Verbs for reporting an opinion
陈述观点的动词
Some critics
argue
that Picasso remained a great master all his life.
一些评论家认为毕加索毕生都是一位大师。
Others
maintain
that there is a significant deterioration in quality in his post-
war work.
其他人坚称他战后的作品质量明显下降。
Picasso himself
claimed
that good art is created, but great art is stolen.
毕加索自己声称，好的艺术是创造出来的，伟大的艺术却是偷来的。
As
Smith
has noted
, Picasso borrowed imagery from African art.
正如史密斯所述，毕加索借用了非洲艺术的意象。
As
the author
points out
, Picasso borrowed imagery from African art.
正如作者指出的那样，毕加索借用了非洲艺术的意象。
The writer
challenges the notion that
Picasso's sculpture was secondary to
his painting.
作者对这种观点表示质疑，即毕加索的雕塑不及他的绘画。
It has been suggested that
Picasso's painting was influenced by jazz music.
据说毕加索的绘画受到爵士乐的影响。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
because of Explaining reasons
解释原因
The number of people with diabetes is growing, partly
because of
an increase
in levels of obesity.
患糖尿病的人数不断上升，部份原因是肥胖人数增加。
The number of overweight children has increased dramatically in recent years,
largely
as a result of
changes in diet and lifestyle.
近年来肥胖儿童的数量急剧上升，很大程度上是由饮食和生活方式的改变引起的。
The increase in childhood obesity is largely
due to/the result of
changes in
lifestyle and diet over the last twenty years.
肥胖儿童人数的增多主要是过去二十年来饮食和生活方式的改变所致。
Many obese children are bullied at school
on account of
their weight.
许多肥胖儿童因为其体重问题在学校受到欺负。
Part of the problem with treating childhood obesity
stems from
the fact that
parents do not always recognize that their children are obese.
治疗肥胖儿童的困难部份源自父母有时并不认为自己的孩子肥胖。
Childhood obesity may be
caused by
genetic factors, as well as environmental
ones.
儿童肥胖既可能由环境因素引起，也可能是遗传因素所致。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Cause X causes Y*X
导致
Y
Childhood obesity can
cause/lead to
long-term health problems.
儿童肥胖可能导致长期的健康问题。
Changes in lifestyle and diet over the last twenty years have
caused/led
to/resulted in
a sharp increase in childhood obesity.
过去二十年生活方式及饮食的变化导致肥胖儿童数量急剧上升。
Several factors, including changes in diet and lifestyle,
have contributed to
the increase in childhood obesity.
包括饮食及生活方式变化在内的多个因素促使肥胖儿童数量增加。
Research suggests that fast food and soft drinks directly
contribute to
childhood obesity.
研究表明快餐和软饮料会直接导致儿童肥胖。
Genetics, lifestyle and diet
are
all important
factors
in cases of childhood
obesity.
基因、生活方式和饮食都是造成儿童肥胖的重要因素。
Even small changes in lifestyle and diet can
bring about
significant weight
loss.
甚至生活方式及饮食的细微变化都可能带来明显的体重下降。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Conclusion Summing up an argument
总结论点
In conclusion
, the study has provided useful insights into the issues relating
to people's perception of crime.
综上所述，本研究为人们对犯罪活动的认识问题提供了有益的见解。
Based on this study, i
t can be concluded that
the introduction of new street
lighting did not reduce reported crime.
基于这项研究可以得出这样的结论：增加街 道照明设备并没有使犯罪案件报案数量减
少。
To sum up
, no evidence can be found to support the view that improved
street lighting reduces reported crime.
总而言之，没有证据表明街道照明的改进能使犯罪案件报案数量减少。
The available evidence clearly
leads to the conclusion that
the media do
have an influence on the public perception of crime.
现有证据显然可以得出这一结论：公众对犯罪活动的认识确实受到媒体的影响。
The main conclusion to be drawn from
this study is that public perception
of crime is significantly influenced by crime news reporting.
本研究可以得出的一个主要结论是：公众对犯罪活动的认识受到犯罪新闻报道的很大
影响。
This study has shown that
people's fear of crime is out of all proportion to
crime itself.
本研究表明，人们对犯罪活动的恐惧与犯罪活动本身并不相称。
Fear of crime is out of all proportion to the actual level of crime, and the
reasons for this
can be summarized as
…对犯罪活动的恐惧与实际犯罪水平并不
相称，其原因可归结为以下几点。第一，…
Overall/In general
, women are more likely than men to feel insecure walking
alone after dark.
一般情况下，天黑后独自行走，女人比男人更容易感到不安全。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Consequently Describing the effect of something
描述某事的影响
One consequence of
changes in diet over recent years has been a dramatic
increase in cases of childhood obesity.
近年来饮食变化带来的一个结果是儿童肥胖人数急剧上升。
Many parents today do not have time to cook healthy meals for their children.
Consequently/As a consequence
, many children grow up eating too much
junk food.
现在许多家长没有时间给孩子做健康的饭菜，结果造成许多 孩子在成长过程中吃过多
的垃圾食品。
Many children spend their free time watching TV instead of playing outside.
As a result
, more and more of them are becoming overweight.
许多孩子把他们的闲暇时间都花在看 电视上，而不是进行户外活动，从而导致越来越
多的孩子变得肥胖。
Last year junk food was banned in schools.
The effect of this
has been to
create a black market in the playground, with pupils bringing sweets from
home to sell to other pupils.
去年学校禁售垃圾食品，结果是学校操场上出现了垃圾食品的黑市交易，有的学生把
从家里带来的甜食卖 给其他学生。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
Contrast Highlighting differences
突出差异／不同
This survey
highlights a number of differences in
the way that teenage boys
and girls in the UK spend their free time.
这项民意测验凸显出英国十几岁的男孩和女孩在打发闲暇时间上的诸多不同。
One of the main differences between
the girls
and
the boys who took part
in the research was the way in which they use the Internet.
参与了这项研究的女生和男生之间的主要差异之一在于他们使用互联网的方式。
Unlike
the girls, who use the Internet mainly to keep in touch with friends, the
boys questioned in this survey tend to use the Internet for playing computer
games.
女生使用互联网主要是和朋友联 系，这一点和男生不同，参与调查的男生往往是使用
互联网来玩电脑游戏。
The girls
differ from
the boys
in that
they tend to spend more time keeping
in touch with friends on the telephone or on social networking websites.
与男生不同的是，女生往往花更多的时间通过电话或社交网站与朋友保持联系。
Compared to
the boys, the girls spend much more time chatting to friends on
the telephone.
与男生相比，女生花在与朋友电话聊天上的时间要多得多。
On average the girls spend four hours a week chatting to friends on the
phone.
In contrast
, very few of the boys spend more than five minutes a day talking
to their friends in this way.
女生平均每周花四个小时与朋友电话聊天。相比之下，很少有男生每天以这种方式 与
朋友聊天五分钟以上。
The boys prefer competitive sports and computer games,
whereas/while
the
girls seem to enjoy more cooperative activities, such as shopping with friends.
男生更喜欢竞技性体育运动和电脑游戏，而女生似乎更喜欢合作性活动，比如与朋友
一起购物。
When the girls go shopping, they mainly buy clothes and cosmetics.
The boys,
on the other hand
, tend to purchase computer games or gadgets.
女生购物时主要买衣服和化妆品，而男生往往会买电脑游戏或小器具。
LANGUAGE BANK
用语库
. Giving examples
举例
The website has a variety of interactive exercises
.
matching games, crosswords and quizzes).
这个网站有各种各样的互动练习（比如：配对游戏、纵横填字游戏和智力测试）。
The website has a variety of interactive exercises,
including
matching games, crosswords
and quizzes.
这个网站有各种各样的互动练习，包括配对游戏、纵横填字游戏和智力测试。
Web technologies,
such as
wikis, blogs and social networking sites, have changed the way
that people use the Internet.
* Web
技术，比如维基、博客及社交网站，改变了人们使用互联网的方式。
Many websites now allow users to contribute information.
A good example of this is
the
‘wiki’, a
type of website that anyone can edit.
现在许多网站都允许用户撰写信息。维基就是一个很好的例子，它是一种任何人都可
以编辑的网站。
Wikis vary in how open they are.
For example,
some wikis allow anybody to edit content,
while others only allow registered users to do this.
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