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英语习语及其文化背景
一.习语的特性
1.
习语的民间性和西域的民俗性
2.
西域的比喻性
Hot chair
电椅
stool pigeon
卧底,
密探
redcap
车站的搬运
工
bellboy
酒店侍者
cold snap
寒潮
比喻可以分为明喻,暗喻,转喻,提喻等
。
明喻
(
simile
)
,
常出现在
as
…
a s
…
结构中。
As cool as cucumber
泰然自若
As timid as a rabbit
胆小如鼠
As tough as leather
像皮革一样坚硬
As busy as bee
像蜜蜂一样忙
用
like
引出喻体的结构,这种结构的比喻意义要自己联想。
Like water off a duck
’
s back .
通常用于埋怨别人不听劝告。
E.g. the advice I had given was like water off a duck
’
s back.
又如:
Like a red rag to a bull.
暗喻
(
metaphor
)
,
本体和喻体同时出现,两者是相合的关系,
没有比喻词。
Have a screw (
螺丝
)loose .
E.g.
I
should
not
call
him
an
idiot,
but
clearly
he
has
got
a
screw
loose (
精神不正常
) somewhere...
又如:
irons in the fire (
火中的铁
)
,比喻“手头要做的事很多”或
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